Comparative Efficiency Analysis of Different Explants and Contribution of Polyamines on in vitro Propagation of Dendrobium Hybrid Sonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Subhrangshu Mandal ◽  
Nandita Pal ◽  
Tustu Mondal ◽  
Nirmalya Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Cell Layer ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Thin Cell Layer ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Comparative Efficiency ◽  
Thin Cell Layer Culture

An efficient method of plant regeneration and subsequent growth and development of Dendrobium hybrid Sonia was developed using intact seedling, shoot tip and thin cell layer. Maximum number of PLBs was obtained in MS liquid medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l NAA and 1mg/l BAP through shoot tip and thin cell layer culture (TCL). Highest number of adventitious shoot formation was recorded in 0.5 mg/l of NAA and 2 mg/l of BAP through shoot tip culture. In shoot tip and TCL cultures, the necrosis was checked in presence of NAA (0.5 mg/l) and BAP (1 mg/l). Maximum callus frequency was recorded in NAA and BAP (0.5 mg/l) through thin cell layer culture. Direct PLB formation was better at 1.0 μM concentration in all the three polyamines tested. Three polyamines tested were effective in direct PLB formation as well as adventitious shoots. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 30(1): 77-86, 2020 (June)

In vitro studies of adventitious shoot formation in Pinus contorta

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 870-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Von Arnold ◽  
Tage Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Adventitious Buds ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Bud Induction ◽  
Further Development

Isolated embryos of Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud, were induced to form adventitious buds on a cytokinin-supplemented medium. Further development of the buds required transfer to a cytokininless medium. Both bud induction and development were stimulated by a dilution of the basal culture medium and best growth was obtained if the buds were isolated from the original tissue when stem elongation had started. The growth of these isolated adventitious shoots was further stimulated by adding activated charcoal to the diluted medium. A small percentage of the shoots have been rooted. The capacity for bud formation varied among seeds collected from different regions of British Columbia. This method for induction of adventitious buds on embryos was also applicable to explants of young seedlings.

scholarly journals 883 PB 279 REGENERATING ADVENTITIOUS PLANTS FROM IN VITRO CULTURE OF LIATRIS SPICATA (L.) WILLD. COTYLEDONS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 560d-560
Author(s):  
Dennis P. Stimart ◽  
John C. Mather
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Micropropagated Plants

Cotyledons from developing embryos 6 to 8 weeks old of Liatris spicata (blazing star) were cultured on Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium containing 0, 0.4, 4.4, and 44.4 μ M benzyladenine (BA) or 0, 0.2, 2.2, and 22.2 μ M thidiazuron (TDZ) to induce adventitious shoot formation. The highest percent of cotyledons forming shoots with highest shoot counts was on medium containing 2.2 μ M TDZ. Vitreous shoots formed on medium with 22.2 μ M TDZ. Callus derived from cotyledons and cultured on medium containing 4.44 μ M BA or 2.2 μ M TDZ formed adventitious shoots with highest shoot counts on 4.44 μ M BA. Adventitious shoots derived from cotyledons and callus were rooted on MS medium with 5.0 μ Mindole-3-butyric acid, acclimatized and grown ex vitro. All micropropagated plants appeared similar to each other.

scholarly journals Regenerating Adventitious Shoots from in Vitro Culture of Liatris spicata (L.) Willd. Cotyledons

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
Dennis P. Stimart ◽  
John C. Mather
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Homogeneous Chemical

Cotyledons from developing 6- to 8-week-old embryos of Liatris spicata (L.) Willd. (blazing star) were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium containing 0, 0.4, 4.4, or 44.4 μm BA or 0, 0.2, 2.2, or 22.2 μm TDZ to induce adventitious shoot formation. The highest percentage of cotyledons forming the most shoots was on medium containing 2.2 μm TDZ. Cotyledon-derived callus cultured on medium containing 4.4 μm BA formed ≈16 times more adventitious shoots than on 2.2 μm TDZ. Adventitious shoots derived from cotyledons or callus produced roots when placed on MS medium containing 5.0 μm IBA. Regenerated plants that flowered in the field appeared homogeneous. Chemical names used: N6-benzyladenine (BA), thidiazuron (TDZ), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).

scholarly journals Adventitious Shoot Formation and Plant Regeneration from Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Cultivars and Dihaploid Lines

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 471B-471
Author(s):  
Agustin Huerta ◽  
Ramon Dolcet-Sanjuan
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Shoot Primordia

Adventitious shoots and viable plants were regenerated from bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars and dihaploid lines (DHLs) obtained from F1 hybrids via androgenesis (Dolcet-Sanjuan et al., in press). Hypocotil and cotyledon sections from in vitro-germinated seeds were used as explants. A modified MS medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) supplemented with IAA (0 to 3.2 μM) and BAP (0 to 100 μM) was used in a 3-week-long shoot primordia induction phase. Shoot elongation was best performed in the same basal medium, but supplemented with silver thiosulfate and GA3. Shoots were regenerated from eight selected DHLs (`C213', `C215', `C218', `C2123', `C2125', `C3111', `C3113', and `P493') and two cultivars (`Padrón' and `Yolo Wonder'). The percentage of cotyledon sections with shoot primordia after the induction phase was not genotype-dependent and always higher than with hypocotil sections (93.4% and 17.9%, respectively). The number of shoot primordia per responsive cotyledon section was also higher than with hypocotil sections (3.3 and 1.7, respectively). The genotype had a significant effect on the number of shoots regenerated per responsive cotyledon (1.1 to 5.5) or hypocotil (0.5 to 3.5) section. All adventitiously regenerated plants were fertile. This adventitious shoot regeneration protocol is being used to obtain transgenic plants from sweet bell pepper genotypes.

scholarly journals Histological changes during the adventitious shoot formation in seedling explants of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultured in vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-274
Author(s):  
Andrzej Gatz
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Cotyledonary Node ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Explant Culture ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Seedling Explants

Adventitious shoots differentiated directly from explant tissue without intermediate callus on all types of examined explants (shoot tip, cotyledonary node, cotyledon and hypocotyl) of <em>Capsicum annuum</em> L. cv. Bryza. First cell divisions took place as early as after 3 days of explant culture within epidermal and subepidermal layers of explants, and in the case of cotyledon also within mesophyll cells located near epidermis. Mitotic activity in these layers led to the formation of meristemoids (meristematic centres). In all types of studied explants, meristematic centres appeared approximately at the same time (after about 7 days of culture). In the second week bud primordia began to differentiate from meristematic centres. Subsequently some of shoot primordia developed into leaves and leaf-like structures (mainly on cotyledon explants), and also into adventitious buds with well developed apical meristem and leaf primordia.

scholarly journals (281) Effects of Colchicine and Oryzalin on Callus and Adventitious Shoot Formation of Euphorbia pulcherrima `Winter Rose'™

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1051A-1051
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Pickens ◽  
(Max) Zong-Ming Cheng ◽  
Stephen A. Kania
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Doubling ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Euphorbia Pulcherrima ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Stems And Leaves

Poinsettia, Euphorbia pulcherrima, is an important holiday symbol and is the number one flowering potted plant in the United States. The technique of chromosome doubling has been utilized to increase size of flowers, stems, and leaves of many species, and has been used in poinsettia breeding to obtain new cultivars. Application of colchicine or oryzalin to in vitro tissues may be used to enlarge the inflorescences and brackets and reduce the height of `Winter Rose'™ poinsettias, reduce the likelihood of chimeric tetraploids, and provide a rapid means for producing many tetraploid plants. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of colchicine and oryzalin on callus and adventitious shoot formation of `Winter Rose'™ poinsettia with in vitro grown leaf tissues and its potential for tetraploid induction. In vitro grown leaf midvein sections were placed on various media supplemented with either colchicine or oryzalin at various concentrations for 1–4 days. Colchicine was least damaging to leaf tissues at concentrations of 0.25 or 250.4 μm. A large amount of callus, as well as adventitious shoots, were produced. Regenerated shoots were found to be diploid, determined by flow cytometry. On media with oryzalin (28.9–144 μm), leaf tissues produced callus, but not adventitious shoots. Calluses produced on oryzalin-containing media were tested using the flow cytometer and were found to be diploid.

scholarly journals Effects of Colchicine and Oryzalin on Callus and Adventitious Shoot Formation of Euphorbia pulchurrima `Winter Rose'

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 1651-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Pickens ◽  
(Max) Z.-M. Cheng ◽  
Stephen A. Kania
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Mitotic Inhibitors ◽  
In Vitro Induction

The mitotic inhibitors, colchicine and oryzalin, were evaluated for their effects on callus, adventitious shoot formation, and tetraploid induction of Euphorbia pulchurrima `Winter Rose'. In vitro grown leaf sections were placed on various media supplemented with either colchicine or oryzalin at various concentrations for 1 to 4 days. Colchicine was less damaging to leaf tissues than oryzalin. On various colchicine-containing media, prolific calluses were produced and adventitious shoot formation was observed. Regenerated shoots were found to be diploid as determined by flow cytometry. On media supplemented with oryzalin (28.9 μm to 144 μm), leaf tissues produced callus but failed to form adventitious shoots. Samples of calluses produced on oryzalin-containing media were subject to analysis using flow cytometry and were found to be diploid. These results suggest that the colchicine is less toxic on poinsettia tissues and shoot induction than oryzalin. Additional experiments are needed to establish a protocol for in vitro induction of poinsettia tetraploid with colchicine and oryzalin.

scholarly journals In Vitro Adventitious Shoot Formation on Cotyledons of Pinus pinea

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Victoria González ◽  
Manuel Rey ◽  
Raffaela Tavazza ◽  
Stefano La Malfa ◽  
Luigi Cuozzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Pinus Pinea ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Bud Induction

Plant regeneration was obtained from adventitious buds induced in isolated cotyledons of Italian stone pine (Pinus pinea L.). The best results for bud induction were obtained by using half-strength LePoivre medium with 4.5 μM 6-benzyladenine for 30 days. Shoot elongation was achieved in the same medium without growth regulators but with the addition of 0.5% activated charcoal. The induction medium was the best also for shoot multiplication, but it was necessary to include subcultures on elongation medium. The slow elongation rate of adventitious shoots remains the greatest obstacle to multiplication. Root formation (15%) after 5 months was observed when shoots were cultured on elongation medium for long periods.

scholarly journals High-frequency Shoot Regeneration from Roots of Japanese Persimmon

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Tetsumura ◽  
Hisajiro Yukinaga
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Segment Length ◽  
Diospyros Kaki ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Japanese Persimmon ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Microshoots of Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki L. cv. Jiro) were rooted in vitro. The roots were excised and cultured on solidified Murashige and Skoog medium. After 20 days of culture, adventitious shoots formed spontaneously and directly from the roots. Of all the tested cytokinins, 10–5 m zeatin in combination with 10–8 m IAA was the most effective in stimulating production of adventitious shoots. CPPU and 2iP also were effective cytokinins. Addition of a high concentration of auxin, especially 2,4-D, to the medium inhibited adventitious shoot formation. The percentage of root segments forming adventitious shoots increased with increasing segment length. Almost all of the longest roots (4 to 6 cm) formed adventitious shoots. Chemical names used: 6-benzyladenine (BA); 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D); indole-3-acetic acid (IAA); 2-isopentenyladenine (2iP); N-phenyl-N′-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)urea (CPPU).

scholarly journals Adventitious Shoot Formation on Hypocotyl Explants of Antirrhinum majus L.

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 477B-477
Author(s):  
Kenneth R. Schroeder ◽  
Dennis P. Stimart
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Antirrhinum Majus ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Hypocotyl Explants ◽  
Shoot Production ◽  
Dark Regime

One-centimeter hypocotyl explants from 2-week-old Antirrhinum majus L. (snapdragon) seedlings germinated and grown in vitro under 12-h cool-white fluorescent light and 12 h dark or 24 h dark were placed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0, 0.44, 2.22, 4.44, 8.88, or 44.4 μM N6-benzyladenine (BA). Cultures were maintained under the light/dark regime at 25°C. After 2 weeks, adventitious shoots were counted. A shoot was considered adventitious and counted if a stem and leaf developed. Shoots developed along the entire length of the hypocotyl sections. Mean shoot production per hypocotyl explant ranged from 2.4 to 6.1 shoots when seedlings were germinated and grown in 24 h darkness and 2.2 to 10.9 shoots when started in the light/dark regime. Highest shoot counts were attained /from hypocotyl explants when seedlings were germinated and grown under the light/dark regime for 2 weeks and transferred to 2.22, 4.44, or 8.88 μM BA. Shoot development appeared normal at the 2.22 and 4.44 μM level, while at 8.88 μM BA, development was slightly abnormal along with slightly more callus production.

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