11. Landless Labour Participation and Mobilisation in Rural Works Programmes

Bangladesh ◽  
1994 ◽  
pp. 257-289
Author(s):  
Geoffrey D. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Labour Participation ◽  
Landless Labour

Tertiary Educated Muslim Women's Work Decision

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Peck Leong Tan ◽  
Muhammad Adidinizar Zia Ahmad Kusair ◽  
Norlida Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Flexible Working ◽  
Family Friendly ◽  
The Family ◽  
Labour Participation

The participation of women in the labour force has been steadily rising over the years, especially with tremendous human capital investment in educating more women at tertiary levels. However, the tertiary educated women labour participation remains low, particularly among Muslim women. Therefore, this paper explores how tertiary educated Muslim women make their decision to work. This study surveyed 139 tertiary educated women and found their decisions to work are affected by their families’ needs and/or responsibilities, and may not be due to their lives’ goals and dreams. The majority of them work for the sake of money and hence will work if offered jobs meet their expectations in term of salary and position. Furthermore, they will leave the workforce if they need to fulfil their responsibilities at home. Therefore, to retain or to encourage more women especially those with high qualifications to be in the labour market, stakeholders must provide family-friendly jobs and suitable work environment such as flexible working arrangements. More importantly, stakeholders must be able to convince the family members of tertiary educated women to release them to the labour market.   

Board-level employee representation in the Visegrád countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Zybała
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
National Level ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Class ◽  
Employee Representation ◽  
Policy Paradigm ◽  
Labour Participation ◽  
Board Level ◽  
Practical Agenda ◽  
Visegrád Countries

This article addresses the complexity of trade-union approaches to board-level employee representation in the Visegrád countries, and the barriers it faces in particular national settings. Trade unionists in these countries accept the relevance of such employee representation in theory, but their practical agenda covers other issues which they perceive as more important as they struggle to survive at many levels of activity, and face growing existential uncertainty and risk. Unions also lack capacity to overcome obstacles such as reluctance on the part of the political class and managerial hostility to board-level representation; they cannot exert influence on major policy decisions at national level. They are operating in a more and more difficult environment, reflecting not merely a declining membership base, but also the recent economic crisis that failed to change the economic policy paradigm in the Visegrád countries: policies there still rely on a neoliberal approach and hence are not conducive to labour participation. What can still be seen as the predominant model is the traditional one of the market economy in which rights of ownership reign supreme.

Female labour participation and pay equity in Arab countries: commonalities and differences

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf M. Sidani ◽  
Tony Feghali
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Country ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Pay Equity ◽  
Problematic Situation ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Labour Participation

While there is a common belief that female labour indicators in Arab countries demonstrate a problematic situation, little is understood about the varieties within countries in that region. This paper attempts to draw a segmentation of the Arab world to show how different countries differ in this regard. It looks at two specific measures: the level of female participation as a percentage of male participation (FPM), and the female earned income to male income (FIM). Statistics from 20 Arab countries generated four clusters in which those countries are classified. Female labour indicators in most countries in the Arab world show similar patterns found in other countries in their stage of development. This confirms earlier research that indicates that women's labour participation decreases as societies move away from agriculture into manufacturing, services and industry. Only four countries are identified as outliers whose labour indicators can be understood within the context of the cultural values that dominate. The implications are discussed and individual research on female labour within each Arab country is invited.

scholarly journals Arbeidsgehandicapten en de Participatiewet

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudi Wielers ◽  
Jacques van Hoof
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Supported Employment ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Market Position ◽  
Active Labour Market Policies ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Labour Participation ◽  
Labour Market Position ◽  
Further Development

Incapacitated workers and the Labour Participation Law Incapacitated workers and the Labour Participation Law In this new rubric, the editorial board of Journal of Labour Issues has asked informed researchers whether the new Dutch Labour Participation Law that is operative since the beginning of 2015 improves the labour market position of incapacitated workers. The main goal of this new law is to place a larger number of incapacitated workers in regular instead of state-subsidized work places. The researchers hesitate to answer the question in the affirmative. Their main argument is that the willingness of regular employers to hire incapacitated workers in the Netherlands is low, and that active labour market policies are necessary to improve the labour market position of incapacitated workers. The new law might renew the interest of regular employers in this category of workers, but may also curb the further development of new and promising instruments to create sheltered work places, such as group secondment and supported employment.

Labour-Supply Behaviour

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-149
Author(s):  
Cathal O'Donoghue
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Revealed Preference ◽  
Behavioural Response ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Measurement Issues ◽  
Labour Participation ◽  
Microsimulation Models

In the preceding chapters, the focus was on simulating policies that aim to reduce poverty, generate revenue, or redistribute resources. However, many public policies also try to incentivize behaviour, such as those to improve labour participation or supply, or to change behaviours in relation to savings or pollution. Social- and fiscal-policy instruments face a fundamental trade-off. An instrument that performs well from an income-maintenance perspective may have unintended behavioural consequences. This chapter considers the structure of instruments that have an explicit goal to improve behavioural response, particularly focusing on in-work benefits. The chapter also describes how to use a microsimulation mode to simulate the inputs required for the estimation of a behavioural-econometric model, and then estimates a revealed-preference-choice model. The chapter then describes a method often used in microsimulation models to calibrate choice models for simulation purposes. In terms of measurement issues related to the behavioural analysis, we describe the design and use of replacement rates. The chapter concludes by undertaking a simulation of the introduction of a change in in-work benefits.

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