Scottish Literature, Nationalism and the First World War

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-43
Author(s):  
Alan Riach
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Literary Response ◽  
Scottish Literature ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Cultural Terms ◽  
Hugh Macdiarmid ◽  
Multi Media ◽  
First World

This chapter considers the Great War’s bearing on the rise of Scottish nationalism in political and cultural terms. Riach discusses these developments in the contexts of international imperialism, the Irish rising in Dublin, and most centrally in the Scottish literature of the era. Riach points to the international nature of Scottish literature in the pre-war era. Addressing the war’s role in shaping Scottish national identity, he notes that the devastations witnessed by Hugh MacDiarmid would underlie the vigour and ruthlessness with which he would pursue his vision for a Scotland regenerated. Riach, however, recognising patriotic unionist perspectives such as those of Ian Hay and John Buchan, concludes that the poly-vocal, multi-media and temporally mutable nature of the Scottish literary response to imperialism and world war cannot be reduced or defined to a single party, moment, poem, book or author.

"Militarizacija materinstva" – ženski "naravni poklic" in vélika vojna

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-89
Author(s):  
Ana Cergol Paradiž
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
First World War ◽  
Promotional Material ◽  
World War ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Female Authors ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Mothers And Children ◽  
Representations Of Women ◽  
First World

With the help of publications, legislation, memoranda and promotional material, this article shows how various actors in the Slovene-speaking area, during the First World War, addressed their mothers, and if also in their cases, the phenomenon of the "militarization of motherhood" was shown, which was typical of other European countries. In the context of the discourse "militarization of motherhood", it analyzes the ways of how female (national) identity was formed. It tries to answer the question of what (patriotic) duties were imposed to women as mothers, for example, if as a result of declining birth rates in that time, even we encountered pronatalistic initiatives, especially those that were advocating social and health protection of (illegitimate) mothers and children. It also analyzes the views on the educational work of mothers at the time when this was, due to the absence of fathers, irregular lessons and the difficult war situation, even more difficult. At the same time, it studies the representations of women as mourning mothers at the deaths of their sons-soldiers. In this context, it establishes that during the war, the motif of a mourning, but brave and proud mother was frequent also in the Slovene press. A separate chapter presents the views of female authors on the topic of motherhood.

Torrefranca vs. Puccini: embodying a decadent Italy

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-53
Author(s):  
ALEXANDRA WILSON
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
First World War ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
World War ◽  
Giacomo Puccini ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Italian Culture ◽  
First World

Puccini reception lay at the heart of a crisis of national identity that gripped Italy between the turn of the century and the First World War. For Puccini's detractors his works were an emblem of decadence; for his supporters they provided a means for regeneration. In his vitriolic monograph, Giacomo Puccini e l'opera internazionale (1912), Fausto Torrefranca associated Puccini with dangerous ‘others’ – women, homosexuals and Jews – in order to instil fear about the ‘feminisation’ of Italian culture. The reception of his book shows that Torrefranca's ‘extreme’ views were widely shared.

scholarly journals Happy is the Land that Needs No Heroes

2018 ◽  
pp. 111-142
Author(s):  
Donna Coates
Keyword(s):  
Women Writers ◽  
National Identity ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Defining Moment ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Military Victory ◽  
First World

This essay interrogates two articles by the Canadian historian Jeff Keshen and the Australian historian Mark Sheftall, which assert that the representations of soldiers in the First World War (Anzacs in Australia, members of the Canadian Expeditionary Forces, the CEF), are comparable. I argue, however, that in reaching their conclusions, these historians have either overlooked or insufficiently considered a number of crucial factors, such as the influence the Australian historian/war correspondent C. E. W. Bean had on the reception of Anzacs, whom he venerated and turned into larger-than-life men who liked fighting and were good at it; the significance of the “convict stain” in Australia; and the omission of women writers’ contributions to the “getting of nationhood” in each country. It further addresses why Canadians have not embraced Vimy (a military victory) as their defining moment in the same way as Australians celebrate the landing at Anzac Cove (a military disaster), from which they continue to derive their sense of national identity. In essence, this essay advances that differences between the two nations’ representations of soldiers far outweigh any similarities.

‘All the People in the Ring Together’: Hemingway, Performance, and the Politics of the Corrida

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-47
Author(s):  
David Barnes
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
American Modernism ◽  
Personal Mythology ◽  
Political Discourses ◽  
The People ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

Ernest Hemingway's association with the Spanish bullfight (corrida) has become a familiar, almost clichéd, aspect of his personal mythology. However, the complexities of the cultural and political discourses around the corrida in Hemingway's writing have not been fully explored. This essay reads Hemingway's engagement with bullfighting as part of a wider interest in the performance or ritual mediation of national identity in his work. It argues that Hemingway's interest in the essence of the bullfight can be linked to the articulations of ‘Spanishness’ propagated by the Primo De Rivera dictatorship in the mid-1920s. It sees Hemingway's interest in the bullfight as part of a broader struggle within American modernism to articulate national or communal visions of society (‘all the people in the ring together’) in the two decades following the First World War.

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