scholarly journals Understanding Fatigue in Sjögren’s Syndrome: Outcome Measures, Biomarkers and Possible Interventions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Mæland ◽  
Samira T. Miyamoto ◽  
Daniel Hammenfors ◽  
Valeria Valim ◽  
Malin V. Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Cell Protection ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease affecting the salivary and lacrimal glands. Symptoms range from dryness to severe extra-glandular disease involving manifestations in the skin, lungs, nervous system, and kidney. Fatigue occurs in 70% of patients, characterizing primary SS (pSS) and significantly impacting the patient’s quality of life. There are some generic and specific instruments used to measure fatigue in SS. The mechanisms involved with fatigue in SS are still poorly understood, but it appears fatigue signaling pathways are more associated with cell protection and defense than with pro-inflammatory pathways. There are no established pharmacological treatment options for fatigue in pSS. So far, exercise and neuromodulation techniques have shown positive effects on fatigue in pSS. This study briefly reviews fatigue in pSS, with special attention to outcome measures, biomarkers, and possible treatment options.

scholarly journals Instruments for Outcome Evaluation of Specific Domains in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 953
Author(s):  
Nicoletta Del Papa ◽  
Antonina Minniti ◽  
Wanda Maglione ◽  
Francesca Pignataro ◽  
Roberto Caporali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Primary Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Primary Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Primary Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Therapeutic Trials ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by very heterogeneous features. The spectrum of this disorder may vary from benign but disabling symptoms such as dryness, due to lachrymal and salivary involvement, pain and fatigue, to systemic, potentially severe, manifestations that may involve any organ. In recent decades, the arrival of biotechnological therapy has offered new opportunities for the treatment of this—until now—orphan disease. Currently, the possible use of these new drugs in therapeutic trials has made it necessary to have reliable outcome measures to evaluate their efficacy in this disease. A great effort has been made in multicenter, often multinational, studies to develop and validate instruments capable of assessing the different disease-related features. The adoption in therapeutic trials of the newly developed outcome measures aimed at assessing systemic features and patient reported symptoms has often yielded disappointing results. These negative data have been ascribed, on the one hand, to the trial design not being completely appropriate, and, on the other hand, to the fact that a single instrument may be not sufficient to cover the great clinical heterogeneity of the disease features. There is now growing belief that composite end points that include instruments that are able to assess the various aspects of the disease may be more properly and successfully used in future therapeutic trials.

Comorbidities associated with Sjögren's syndrome: Results from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample.

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 4-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terah Koch ◽  
Ibtisam Al-Hashimi ◽  
Boyd M. Koffman ◽  
Abhishek Deshpande ◽  
Sadik A. Khuder
Keyword(s):  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Nationwide Inpatient Sample ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Although multiple comorbidities associated with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) have been reported, reliable data regarding the prevalence of specific comorbidities among patients with SS remain sparse. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and risk for a broad spectrum of medical conditions among patients with SS in the United States. The Health Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) data was utilized in order to investigate 29 different comorbidities among SS patients. Between the years 2007 to 2009 there were 19,127 admissions with SS listed as principal diagnosis (1.3%) and secondary diagnosis (98.7%). Compared with 57,381 controls, SS patients had significantly higher prevalence of lymphoma (OR 1.6), valvular disease (OR 1.42), congestive heart failure (OR 1.28), hypothyroidism (OR 1.24), paralysis (OR 1.24), deficiency anemia (OR 1.16), depression (OR 1.18), neurological disorders (OR 1.17), and chronic pulmonary disease (OR 1.07). SS is associated with substantial medical conditions that may impact morbidity and mortality as well as quality of life for individuals suffering from SS.

scholarly journals Ocular Surface Disease in Sjögren's Syndrome: Management in a Scleral Lens Clinical Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e12-e22
Author(s):  
Daddi Fadel ◽  
Melissa Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Autologous Serum ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Sjögren’s syndrome is a chronic, autoimmune, systemic disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration and malfunction of the exocrine glands, primarily the lacrimal and salivary glands, resulting in predominant symptoms of dry eye and dry mouth. Sjögren’s syndrome is a highly prevalent condition and is one of the most common systemic, rheumatic, autoimmune diseases, affecting up to 1.4% of adults in the United States, second only to rheumatoid arthritis in its prevalence in North America. Primary Sjögren’s syndrome has shown to affect patients’ health-related quality-of-life due to dryness, chronic pain, depression, anxiety,physical and mental fatigue, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Scleral lenses (SLs) have shown to be significantly beneficial in relieving symptoms and improvingquality-of-life in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome and dry eye disease. SLs may be used concurrently with the other therapies including ocular lubricants, eyelid hygiene, punctal occlusion, topical prescription medications, and autologous serum. This manuscript reviews the implication of Sjögren’s syndrome on the ocular surface and quality-of-life and describes how SLs, in combination with other treatments, may be beneficial.

scholarly journals Economic burden and loss of quality of life from dry eye disease in Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000709
Author(s):  
Clara Chan ◽  
Setareh Ziai ◽  
Varun Myageri ◽  
James G Burns ◽  
C Lisa Prokopich
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

ObjectiveTo describe the direct and indirect cost estimates of dry eye disease (DED), stratified by disease severity, and the impact of DED on quality of life (QoL) in Canadian patients.Methods and analysisA prospective, multicentre, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted at six sites across Canada. Eligible patients completed a 20 min survey on demography, general health, disease severity, QoL and direct (resource utilisation and out-of-pocket expenses for the past 3–24 months) and indirect costs (absenteeism and presenteeism based on Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire responses). Subgroup analyses were performed according to DED severity and presence of Sjögren’s syndrome.ResultsResponses from 146 of 151 participants were included in the analysis. DED was rated as moderate or severe by 19.2% and 69.2% of patients, respectively. Total mean annual costs of DED were $C24 331 (Canadian dollars) per patient and increased with patient-reported disease severity. Mean (standard deviation [SD]) indirect costs for mild, moderate and severe disease were $C5961 ($C6275), $C16 525 ($C11 607), and $C25 485 ($C22,879), respectively. Mean (SD) direct costs were $C958 ($C1216), $C1303 ($C1574) and $C2766 ($C7161), respectively. QoL scores were lowest in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (8.2% of cohort) and those with severe DED.ConclusionThis study provides important insights into the negative impact of DED in a Canadian setting. Severe DED was associated with higher direct and indirect costs and lower QoL compared with those with mild or moderate disease. Increased costs and poorer QoL were also evident for patients with DED plus Sjögren’s syndrome versus DED alone.

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