scholarly journals Role of the Extracellular Traps in Central Nervous System

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyan Wu ◽  
Hanhai Zeng ◽  
Lingxin Cai ◽  
Gao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Extracellular Traps ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Extracellular Trap

It has been reported that several immune cells can release chromatin and granular proteins into extracellular space in response to the stimulation, forming extracellular traps (ETs). The cells involved in the extracellular trap formation are recognized including neutropils, macrophages, basophils, eosinophils, and mast cells. With the development of research related to central nervous system, the role of ETs has been valued in neuroinflammation, blood–brain barrier, and other fields. Meanwhile, it has been found that microglial cells as the resident immune cells of the central nervous system can also release ETs, updating the original understanding. This review aims to clarify the role of the ETs in the central nervous system, especially in neuroinflammation and blood–brain barrier.

Role of the Blood–Brain Barrier in the Nutrition of the Central Nervous System

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 610-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Campos-Bedolla ◽  
Fruzsina R. Walter ◽  
Szilvia Veszelka ◽  
Mária A. Deli
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Immunologic Privilege in the Central Nervous System and the Blood–Brain Barrier

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie L Muldoon ◽  
Jorge I Alvarez ◽  
David J Begley ◽  
Ruben J Boado ◽  
Gregory J del Zoppo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Neurovascular Unit ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Immune Mediators ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The brain is in many ways an immunologically and pharmacologically privileged site. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) of the cerebrovascular endothelium and its participation in the complex structure of the neurovascular unit (NVU) restrict access of immune cells and immune mediators to the central nervous system (CNS). In pathologic conditions, very well-organized immunologic responses can develop within the CNS, raising important questions about the real nature and the intrinsic and extrinsic regulation of this immune privilege. We assess the interactions of immune cells and immune mediators with the BBB and NVU in neurologic disease, cerebrovascular disease, and intracerebral tumors. The goals of this review are to outline key scientific advances and the status of the science central to both the neuroinflammation and CNS barriers fields, and highlight the opportunities and priorities in advancing brain barriers research in the context of the larger immunology and neuroscience disciplines. This review article was developed from reports presented at the 2011 Annual Blood-Brain Barrier Consortium Meeting.

scholarly journals Blocking Neurogenic Inflammation for the Treatment of Acute Disorders of the Central Nervous System

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Marie Lewis ◽  
Renée Jade Turner ◽  
Robert Vink
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Neurogenic Inflammation ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Acute Injury ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Classical inflammation is a well-characterized secondary response to many acute disorders of the central nervous system. However, in recent years, the role of neurogenic inflammation in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases has gained increasing attention, with a particular focus on its effects on modulation of the blood-brain barrier BBB. The neuropeptide substance P has been shown to increase blood-brain barrier permeability following acute injury to the brain and is associated with marked cerebral edema. Its release has also been shown to modulate classical inflammation. Accordingly, blocking substance P NK1 receptors may provide a novel alternative treatment to ameliorate the deleterious effects of neurogenic inflammation in the central nervous system. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the role of substance P and neurogenic inflammation in acute injury to the central nervous system following traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, stroke, and meningitis.

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