scholarly journals Prospective Memory and Regional Functional Connectivity in Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan-Miao Zhuang ◽  
Li-Wei Kuo ◽  
Shih-Yen Lin ◽  
Jir-Jei Yang ◽  
Min-Chien Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Regional Homogeneity ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Focal Event ◽  
Event Based

Objectives: Patients with subcortical ischemic vascular disease (SIVD) often have prominent frontal dysfunction. However, it remains unclear how SIVD affects prospective memory (PM), which strongly relies on the frontoparietal network. The present study aimed to investigate PM performance in patients with early stage SIVD as compared to those with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to older adults with normal cognition, and to explore the neural correlates of PM deficits.Method: Patients with very-mild to mild dementia due to SIVD or AD and normal controls (NC) aged above 60 years were recruited. Seventy-three participants (20 SIVD, 22 AD, and 31 NC) underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cognitive screening tests, and a computerized PM test. Sixty-five of these participants (19 SIVD, 20 AD, and 26 NC) also received resting-state functional MRI.Results: The group with SIVD had significantly fewer PM hits than the control group on both time-based and non-focal event-based PM tasks. Among patients in the very early stage, only those with SIVD but not AD performed significantly worse than the controls. Correlational analyses showed that non-focal event-based PM in SIVD was positively correlated with regional homogeneity in bilateral superior and middle frontal gyri, while time-based PM was not significantly associated with regional homogeneity in any of the regions of interest within the dorsal frontoparietal regions.Conclusions: The findings of this study highlight the vulnerability of non-focal event-based PM to the disruption of regional functional connectivity in bilateral superior and middle frontal gyri in patients with SIVD.

Does a state of alcohol hangover impair event based prospective memory?

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s864-s864
Author(s):  
T. Heffernan
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Street ◽  
Prospective Remembering ◽  
Alcohol Hangover ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Everyday Remembering ◽  
Future Plans

IntroductionThe alcohol hangover state (AHS) is characterized by range of symptoms (e.g., drowsiness, fatigue, gastro-intestinal problems, dry mouth, nausea, sweating) that remain after ones blood-alcohol level returns to zero following a recent bout of excessive drinking. Recent findings have revealed a range of cognitive deficits associated with an AHS, including memory deficits. It is less clear what impact the AHS has upon everyday remembering; of which prospective memory is an excellent example (PM: memory for future plans/actions; such as remembering to perform a task at a specific time).AimsThe present study explored whether the AHS impairs everyday PM.MethodsTwenty-one AHS participants were compared with 28 non-AHS controls using a between-groups design. All completed a prospective remembering video procedure (prvp), which measured event-based pm. the prvp required the participant first to memorise a series of specific action-locations combinations and then to recall these combinations whilst viewing a CD clip of a busy shopping high street. Drug use (alcohol, smoking, etc.) and mood (anxiety and depression) were also measured, as these have been shown to have a deleterious impact upon PM.ResultsThe AHS group recalled significantly fewer event-based PM combinations on the PRVP compared with the non-AHS control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the groups on age, smoking, alcohol use or mood.ConclusionThese results confirm that a state of alcohol hangover impedes everyday prospective memory. The wider implications will be discussed at conference.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Prospective Memory in Patients with Severe Closed-Head Injury: Role of Concurrent Activity and Encoding Instructions

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni A. Carlesimo ◽  
Rita Formisano ◽  
Umberto Bivona ◽  
Lina Barba ◽  
Carlo Caltagirone
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Closed Head Injury ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Attentional Resources ◽  
Closed Head ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Event Based

Objectives:To assess the sensitivity of patients who suffered a severe closed-head injury to the manipulation of attentional resources and encoding instructions during the execution of prospective memory tasks.Material and Methods:A group of patients with chronic sequelae of severe closed-head injury and a group of matched normal controls were given an experimental procedure for the assessment of time-based and event-based prospective memory. Availability of attentional resources at the time of intention recall and encoding conditions at the time of giving instructions were varied across experimental sessions.Results:The simultaneous execution of a concurrent task was more detrimental to accuracy in the spontaneous recall of the prospective intention in the post-traumatic than in the normal control group. Moreover, the instruction to encode more extensively by rehearsing aloud and mentally imaging the actions to be performed at the time of the study improved recall accuracy more in the post-traumatic than in the normal control group.Conclusions:Based on these data, we suggest that a prospective memory deficit in post-traumatic patients is due, among other things, to reduced availability of attentional resources and to poor encoding of actions to be performed.

Viscosity and Red Cell Deformity in Arterial Disease

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Cella ◽  
H de Haas ◽  
M Rampling ◽  
V Kakkar
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Whole Blood Viscosity ◽  
Significant Difference

Haemorrheological factors have been shown to be affected in many kings of vascular disease. The present study was undertaken to correlate these factors in normal subjects and patients suffering from peripheral arterial disease. Twenty-two patients were investigated; they had moderate or severe intermittent claudication, extent of disease being confirmed by aorto-arteriography and ankle-systolic pressure studies. Twenty-five controls with no symptoms or signs of arterial disease were selected with comparable age and sex distribution. Whole blood viscosity was measured at shear rates of 230 secs-1 and 23 secs-lat 37°c using a Wells Brookfield cone plate microvisco meter. Plasma viscosity was also measured in an identical manner. Erythrocyte flexibility was measured by centrifuge technique and fibrinogen concentration as well as haematocrit by standard techniques. The fibrinogen concentration appeared to be the only significant parameter; the mean concentration in patients with peripheral vascular disease of 463 ± 73mg/l00ml in the control group ( < 0.05). Although whole blood viscosity was high in patients, when corrected to a common haematocrit, there was no significant difference between patients and controls. The same megative correlation was found for plasma viscosity. The red cell flexibility was found to be increased in patients as compared to the control group, but this effect appeared to be simply proportional to the fibrinogen concentration.

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