scholarly journals Japanese studies on neural circuits and behavior of Caenorhabditis elegans

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Sasakura ◽  
Yuki Tsukada ◽  
Shin Takagi ◽  
Ikue Mori
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Japanese Studies ◽  
And Behavior

scholarly journals Absence of strong heterosis for life span and other life history traits in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Genetics ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 465-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
T E Johnson ◽  
E W Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Environmental Variation ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Wild Strains ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Type Strains

Abstract We have examined crosses between wild-type strains of Caenorhabditis elegans for heterosis effects on life span and other life history traits. Hermaphrodites of all wild strains had similar life expectancies but males of two strains had shorter life spans than hermaphrodites while males of two other strains lived longer than hermaphrodites. F1 hermaphrodite progeny showed no heterosis while some heterosis for longer life span was detected in F1 males. F1 hybrids of crosses between two widely studied wild-type strains, N2 (var. Bristol) and Berg BO (var. Bergerac), were examined for rate of development, hermaphrodite fertility, and behavior; there was no heterosis for these life history traits. Both controlled variation of temperature and uncontrolled environmental variation affected the length of life of all genotypes. Significant G x E effects on life span were observed in comparisons of N2 and Berg BO hermaphrodites, or N2 hermaphrodites and males, or N2 and a Ts mutant strain (DH26). Nevertheless, within an experiment, environmental variation was minimal and life spans were quite replicable.

The neuroscience of learning and memory: cells, neural circuits and behavior

1988 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 125-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard G.M. Morris ◽  
Eric R. Kandel ◽  
Larry R. Squire
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Memory Cells ◽  
And Behavior

scholarly journals Electrical activity and behavior in the pharynx of caenorhabditis elegans

Neuron ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Raizen ◽  
Leon Avery
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
And Behavior

scholarly journals Structural characterization of acyl-CoA oxidases reveals a direct link between pheromone biosynthesis and metabolic state in Caenorhabditis elegans

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (36) ◽  
pp. 10055-10060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinxing Zhang ◽  
Kunhua Li ◽  
Rachel A. Jones ◽  
Steven D. Bruner ◽  
Rebecca A. Butcher
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Binding Pocket ◽  
Pheromone Biosynthesis ◽  
Atp Binding ◽  
Metabolic State ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Acyl Coa Oxidase ◽  
Key Residues ◽  
And Behavior

Caenorhabditis elegans secretes ascarosides as pheromones to communicate with other worms and to coordinate the development and behavior of the population. Peroxisomal β-oxidation cycles shorten the side chains of ascaroside precursors to produce the short-chain ascaroside pheromones. Acyl-CoA oxidases, which catalyze the first step in these β-oxidation cycles, have different side chain-length specificities and enable C. elegans to regulate the production of specific ascaroside pheromones. Here, we determine the crystal structure of the acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX-1) homodimer and the ACOX-2 homodimer bound to its substrate. Our results provide a molecular basis for the substrate specificities of the acyl-CoA oxidases and reveal why some of these enzymes have a very broad substrate range, whereas others are quite specific. Our results also enable predictions to be made for the roles of uncharacterized acyl-CoA oxidases in C. elegans and in other nematode species. Remarkably, we show that most of the C. elegans acyl-CoA oxidases that participate in ascaroside biosynthesis contain a conserved ATP-binding pocket that lies at the dimer interface, and we identify key residues in this binding pocket. ATP binding induces a structural change that is associated with tighter binding of the FAD cofactor. Mutations that disrupt ATP binding reduce FAD binding and reduce enzyme activity. Thus, ATP may serve as a regulator of acyl-CoA oxidase activity, thereby directly linking ascaroside biosynthesis to ATP concentration and metabolic state.

scholarly journals Behavioral States

Genetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 216 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven W. Flavell ◽  
David M. Raizen ◽  
Young-Jai You
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Global Search ◽  
Mate Finding ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Metabolic States ◽  
Behavioral States ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
And Behavior

Caenorhabditis elegans’ behavioral states, like those of other animals, are shaped by its immediate environment, its past experiences, and by internal factors. We here review the literature on C. elegans behavioral states and their regulation. We discuss dwelling and roaming, local and global search, mate finding, sleep, and the interaction between internal metabolic states and behavior.

scholarly journals Neural and Hormonal Control of Sexual Behavior

Endocrinology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 161 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly J Jennings ◽  
Luis de Lecea
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Sexual Motivation ◽  
Gonadal Hormones ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Neural Patterning ◽  
Ideal System ◽  
Brain And Behavior ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Gonadal hormones contribute to the sexual differentiation of brain and behavior throughout the lifespan, from initial neural patterning to “activation” of adult circuits. Sexual behavior is an ideal system in which to investigate the mechanisms underlying hormonal activation of neural circuits. Sexual behavior is a hormonally regulated, innate social behavior found across species. Although both sexes seek out and engage in sexual behavior, the specific actions involved in mating are sexually dimorphic. Thus, the neural circuits mediating sexual motivation and behavior in males and females are overlapping yet distinct. Furthermore, sexual behavior is strongly dependent on circulating gonadal hormones in both sexes. There has been significant recent progress on elucidating how gonadal hormones modulate physiological properties within sexual behavior circuits with consequences for behavior. Therefore, in this mini-review we review the neural circuits of male and female sexual motivation and behavior, from initial sensory detection of pheromones to the extended amygdala and on to medial hypothalamic nuclei and reward systems. We also discuss how gonadal hormones impact the physiology and functioning of each node within these circuits. By better understanding the myriad of ways in which gonadal hormones impact sexual behavior circuits, we can gain a richer and more complete appreciation for the neural substrates of complex behavior.

scholarly journals Caenorhabditis elegans glia modulate neuronal activity and behavior

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy F. Stout Jr. ◽  
Alexei Verkhratsky ◽  
Vladimir Parpura
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
And Behavior
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