scholarly journals Limited Benefit of Sleep Extension on Cognitive Deficits During Total Sleep Deprivation: Illustration With Two Executive Processes

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Rabat ◽  
Pierrick J. Arnal ◽  
Hortense Monnard ◽  
Mégane Erblang ◽  
Pascal Van Beers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Executive Processes ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Sleep Extension

scholarly journals 0299 Total Sleep Deprivation and Time on Task: Not the Same for Sustained Attention and Executive Processes and Poor Benefit of Caffeine

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A113-A113
Author(s):  
M Erblang ◽  
M Quiquempoix ◽  
A Vergez ◽  
P Van Beers ◽  
M Guillard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Test Session ◽  
Time On Task ◽  
Executive Processes ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Mean Response Time ◽  
Sleep Debt ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Introduction Mental Fatigue is commonly questioned regarding time on task or sleep debt effect (Hockey, 2013; Pattyn et al., 2018) or sleep debt effect (Krause et al., 2017). No studies have neither investigated contributions of these two factors for different cognitive processes nor benefit of caffeine. Methods 24 right-handed and healthy subjects (18–50 years old), with a median chronotype and sleep need participated in a 2-experimental counter-balanced (placebo: PBO and caffeine: COFFEE - 2.5 mg/kg) total sleep deprivation protocol (TSD = 27 hours of continuous wakefulness). Subjective sleepiness (KSS), sustained attention (PC-PVT), inhibition (Go-NoGo) and working memory (2N-Back) capabilities were tested each morning during BASE and TSD (10 min. test session from 9:15 am to 10:15 am). Caffeine was ingested with a decaffeinated drink at 8:30 am. Results KSS score (5.6±0.4 vs 3.2±0.3; p<0.001), number of Lapses (9.8±1.7 vs 0.4±0.2; p<0.001), mean response time (RT: 308±4.9 vs 260±9.4; p<0.001) in PVT, errors of commission (6.4±0.4 vs 3.1±0.3; p<0.01) and mean response time (RT: 336±24 vs 301±13; p<0.01) in Go-NoGo were significantly higher after TSD compared to BASE. Neither significant difference in the proportion of correct responses (CR: 0.92±0.015 vs 0.90±0.014; p>0.15) nor RT (592±49 vs 640±28 ms, p > 0,11), were observed in the 2N-Back task. Further analyses showed different TOT x TSD interaction for PVT (after 3 min of task engagement), Go-NoGo (after 6 min) and 2N-Back (after 8 min). Number of Lapses was significantly but partially reduced (5.8±0.4 vs 9.8±1.7; p<0.01) in COFFEE condition compared with PBO with more aversive effects for Go-NoGo errors and 2N-Back BR. Conclusion Our results are in accordance with previous studies showing differential kinetic of cognitive deficits under TSD, limited benefit of sleep banking and regular physical activity (Arnal et al., 2015; Rabat et al., 2019; Sauvet et al., 2019) and no benefit of caffeine on executive processes (Gottsellig et coll., 2006; Killgore et coll., 2007, 2012). Keywords: TSD, TOT, Attention, Executive, Caffeine. Support Grants from the French General Directorate for Armament (Contract Number: SAN-1–509).

scholarly journals P1-047: Memantine reverses cognitive deficits induced by total sleep deprivation in O. degus

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. S125-S125
Author(s):  
Francisco Ros-Bernal ◽  
Cesar Lucas ◽  
Carmen Ros ◽  
Virginia Izura ◽  
Fabienne Aujard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation

scholarly journals Effect of cognitive load and emotional valence of distractors on performance during sleep extension and subsequent sleep deprivation

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara E Alger ◽  
Allison J Brager ◽  
Thomas J Balkin ◽  
Vincent F Capaldi ◽  
Guido Simonelli
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Extension Phase ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Impaired Performance ◽  
Recovery Sleep ◽  
Sleep Debt ◽  
Sleep Extension

Abstract Study Objectives The purpose of the present study was to assess the extent to which sleep extension followed by sleep deprivation impacts performance on an attentional task with varying cognitive and attentional demands that influence decisions. Methods Task performance was assessed at baseline, after 1 week of sleep extension, and after 40 h of total sleep deprivation. Results One week of sleep extension resulted in improved performance, particularly for high cognitive load decisions regardless of the emotional salience of attentional distractors. Those who extended sleep the most relative to their habitual sleep duration showed the greatest improvement in general performance during sleep extension. However, a higher percentage of time spent in slow-wave sleep (SWS) on the last night of the sleep extension phase was negatively correlated with performance on more difficult high cognitive load items, possibly reflecting a relatively higher level of residual sleep need. Sleep deprivation generally resulted in impaired performance, with a nonsignificant trend toward greater performance decrements in the presence of emotionally salient distractors. Performance overall, but specifically for high cognitive load decisions, during total sleep deprivation was negatively correlated with longer sleep and higher SWS percentage during subsequent recovery sleep. Conclusions The present findings suggest two possibilities: those who performed relatively poorly during sleep deprivation were more vulnerable because (1) they utilized mental resources (i.e. accrued sleep debt) at a relatively faster rate during wakefulness, and/or (2) they failed to “pay down” pre-study sleep debt to the same extent as better-performing participants during the preceding sleep extension phase.

Effect of Sleep Extension on the Subsequent Testosterone, Cortisol and Prolactin Responses to Total Sleep Deprivation and Recovery

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Arnal ◽  
C. Drogou ◽  
F. Sauvet ◽  
J. Regnauld ◽  
G. Dispersyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Sleep Extension

scholarly journals Benefits of Sleep Extension on Sustained Attention and Sleep Pressure Before and During Total Sleep Deprivation and Recovery

SLEEP ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 1935-1943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierrick J. Arnal ◽  
Fabien Sauvet ◽  
Damien Leger ◽  
Pascal van Beers ◽  
Virginie Bayon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Sleep Extension

scholarly journals Residual, differential neurobehavioral deficits linger after multiple recovery nights following chronic sleep restriction or acute total sleep deprivation

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika M Yamazaki ◽  
Caroline A Antler ◽  
Charlotte R Lasek ◽  
Namni Goel
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Sleep Loss ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Psychomotor Vigilance Test ◽  
Recovery Sleep ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Neurobehavioral Deficits ◽  
Chronic Sleep

Abstract Study Objectives The amount of recovery sleep needed to fully restore well-established neurobehavioral deficits from sleep loss remains unknown, as does whether the recovery pattern differs across measures after total sleep deprivation (TSD) and chronic sleep restriction (SR). Methods In total, 83 adults received two baseline nights (10–12-hour time in bed [TIB]) followed by five 4-hour TIB SR nights or 36-hour TSD and four recovery nights (R1–R4; 12-hour TIB). Neurobehavioral tests were completed every 2 hours during wakefulness and a Maintenance of Wakefulness Test measured physiological sleepiness. Polysomnography was collected on B2, R1, and R4 nights. Results TSD and SR produced significant deficits in cognitive performance, increases in self-reported sleepiness and fatigue, decreases in vigor, and increases in physiological sleepiness. Neurobehavioral recovery from SR occurred after R1 and was maintained for all measures except Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) lapses and response speed, which failed to completely recover. Neurobehavioral recovery from TSD occurred after R1 and was maintained for all cognitive and self-reported measures, except for vigor. After TSD and SR, R1 recovery sleep was longer and of higher efficiency and better quality than R4 recovery sleep. Conclusions PVT impairments from SR failed to reverse completely; by contrast, vigor did not recover after TSD; all other deficits were reversed after sleep loss. These results suggest that TSD and SR induce sustained, differential biological, physiological, and/or neural changes, which remarkably are not reversed with chronic, long-duration recovery sleep. Our findings have critical implications for the population at large and for military and health professionals.

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