sleep debt
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

145
(FIVE YEARS 51)

H-INDEX

22
(FIVE YEARS 2)

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Catalina Ramírez-Contreras ◽  
María Fernanda Zerón-Rugerio ◽  
Maria Izquierdo-Pulido

After the COVID-19 lockdown, a ‘new normal’ was established, involving a hybrid lifestyle that combined face-to-face with virtual activity. We investigated, in a case-control study, the impact of the ‘new normal’ on daily sleep and eating routines, compared with pre-pandemic conditions. To do this, we propose using social and eating jet lag as markers of the regularity in daily routines. Additionally, we studied whether the ‘new normal’ had an impact on the body mass index (BMI), diet quality, and other health-related variables. This study included 71 subjects in the pre-pandemic group, and 68 in the ‘new normal’ group (20–30 years). For all participants, we evaluated social and eating jet lag, BMI, diet and sleep quality, eating behaviors, physical activity, and well-being. General linear models were used to compare outcome variables between pre-pandemic and ‘new normal’ groups. The results revealed that the ‘new normal’ was associated with greater regularity in daily sleep and eating routines (−0.7 h of social jet lag (95% CI: −1.0, −0.4), and −0.3 h of eating jet lag (95% CI: −0.5, −0.1)), longer sleep duration on weekdays (1.8 h (95% CI: 1.5, 2.2)), and lower sleep debt (−1.3 h (95% CI: −1.7, −0.9)). Regarding BMI and other health-related variables, we observed that these variables were similar between ‘new normal’ and pre-pandemic groups. These findings indicate that the ‘new normal’ had a positive impact on daily sleep and eating routines. Additionally, our results indicated that the ‘new normal’ offered college students a more sustainable lifestyle, which was associated with more hours of sleep during the week and lower sleep debt. This, in the long run, could have a positive impact on BMI and overall health.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262049
Author(s):  
Swaantje Casjens ◽  
Frank Brenscheidt ◽  
Anita Tisch ◽  
Beate Beermann ◽  
Thomas Brüning ◽  
...  

Background Night and shift work are suspected to cause various adverse effects on health and sleep. Sleep deprivation through shift work is assumed to be compensated on free days. So far it is not clear how different shift systems and shift lengths affect sleep structure on work and free days. Especially working night shifts disrupts the circadian rhythm but also extended working hours (12h) might affect sleep characteristics. Hitherto, the magnitude of sleep debt, social jetlag, and Locomotor Inactivity During Sleep (LIDS) in different shift systems is unknown. Methods Here, we investigated the impact of five different shift rosters on sleep in 129 industrial workers from Germany. Permanent night work with multiple shift systems with and without night shifts and with different shift lengths were compared. Wrist-activity was monitored over 28 days revealing sleep on- and offsets as well as LIDS as proxy for sleep quality. Overall, 3,865 sleep bouts comprising 22,310 hours of sleep were examined. Results The mean daily age-adjusted sleep duration (including naps) was 6:43h and did not differ between shift workers of different rosters. However, sleep duration on workdays was particularly low in rotational shift systems with 12h-shifts (5:00h), while overall sleep debt was highest. Shift workers showed a median absolute social jetlag of 3:03h, which differed considerably between shift types and rosters (p<0.0001). Permanent night workers had the highest social jetlag (5:08h) and latest mid-sleeps on workdays and free days. Sleep quality was reduced in permanent night shift workers compared with shift workers in other rosters and differed between daytime and nighttime sleep. Conclusions Shift work leads to partial sleep deprivation, which particularly affects workers in 12h-shifts and permanent night shifts. Working these shifts resulted in higher sleep debts and larger absolute social jetlag whereas sleep quality was especially reduced in permanent night shift workers compared with shift workers of other rosters.


2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Su Jung Choi ◽  
Hyunjin Jo ◽  
Dongyeop Kim ◽  
Eun Yeon Joo

Objectives: Sleep issues are more prevalent in healthcare workers compared to workers in other industries. This study investigated sleep-wake pattern, sleep quality, and daytime status in hospital workers using a Galaxy Watch3 (GW3), a wrist-worn device that uses an accelerometer and heart rate sensor to distinguish sleep and wakefulness.Methods: Multiple sleep parameters including total sleep time (TST) were obtained using a GW3. The Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), insomnia severity index (ISI), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), and bedtime procrastination scale (BPS) were used to assess participants’ status.Results: A total of 70 daytime hospital workers (male, 45.7%; mean age, 35.66±7.79 yr) participated in the monitoring of their sleep-wake patterns for 30 consecutive days. Participants had a mean ESS of 8.14±3.62, ISI of 6.13±3.83, and PSQI of 4.86±2.14. The mean TST was 5.75±0.74 hr (range: 3.42–6.88) during workdays and 5.92±0.92 hr (range: 2.87–8.25) during free days. Chronotype (mid-sleep on freedays corrected for sleep debt accumulated over the work week) was 3.60±1.03 clock hr (range: 1.84–6.69). BPS was negatively correlated with age (rho=-0.27, p=0.022), TST of workdays (rho=-0.53, p<0.001), and TST of free days (rho=-0.43, p<0.001). A higher BPS was associated with larger social jetlag (rho=0.28, p=0.018) and later chronotype (rho=0.41, p<0.001).Conclusions: In this study, 91.5% of daytime hospital workers suffered from chronic sleep insufficiency (<7 hr during both workdays and free days) although their daytime sleepiness or subjective sleep were not poor. Individuals with a later chronotype had poorer sleep quality and worse sleep procrastination behavior.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 100032
Author(s):  
Brigitte Holzinger ◽  
Lucille Mayer ◽  
Franziska Nierwetberg ◽  
Gerhard Klösch
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
SS Mohapatra ◽  
D Ghosh ◽  
R Sarkar ◽  
K Anand

Introduction: Strategic naps are considered as efficacious means of maintaining performance and reducing the individual’s sleep debt. It can reduce subjective feelings of fatigue and improve performance and alertness. However, literature is scant on assessment of naps and associated cognitive performance in the Indian military aviation scenario. This study is an attempt to assess the nap duration and its objective assessment on gain in performance, if any. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, sleep data were collected from 23 aviation personnel in a military flying base using actigraphy device. The actigraphic data were then fed into a software called fatigue avoidance scheduling tool. The nap duration and its effect on cognitive parameters were analyzed. Results: About 65.2% of the participant were found to be Day-Time Habitual Nappers. Of the 50 Naps logged by these participants, 11 (22%) naps were less than 30 min, 14 (28%) were between 30 and 60 min, 15 (30%) were between 60 and 120 min, and only 10 (20%) were above 120 min. Post-nap gain in the effectiveness and other cognitive parameters was found to be different in different cognitive domains. Conclusion: Naps more than 30 min had the optimal efficiency. The nap-induced gain in the task effectiveness and cognitive performance was confirmed. While the performance enhancement was significant for the naps more than 30 min, naps more than 60 min did not have any added advantages.


SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Shen ◽  
Joshua F Wiley ◽  
Bei Bei

Abstract Study Objectives To describe trajectories of perceived daily sleep need and sleep debt, and examine if cumulative perceived sleep debt predicts next-day affect. Methods Daily sleep and affect were measured over 2 school weeks and 2 vacation weeks (N=205, 54.1% females, M±SDage = 16.9±0.87 years). Each day, participants wore actigraphs and self-reported the amount of sleep needed to function well the next day (i.e., perceived sleep need), sleep duration, and high- and low-arousal positive and negative affect (PA, NA). Cumulative perceived sleep debt was calculated as the weighted average of the difference between perceived sleep need and sleep duration over the past 3 days. Cross-lagged, multilevel models were used to test cumulative sleep debt as a predictor of next-day affect. Lagged affect, day of the week, study day, and sociodemographics were controlled. Results Perceived sleep need was lower early in the school week, before increasing in the second half of the week. Adolescents accumulated perceived sleep debt across school days and reduced it during weekends. On weekends and vacations, adolescents self-reported meeting their sleep need, sleeping the amount, or more than the amount of sleep they perceived as needing. Higher cumulative actigraphy sleep debt predicted higher next-day high arousal NA; higher cumulative diary sleep debt predicted higher NA (regardless of arousal), and lower low arousal PA the following day. Conclusion Adolescents experienced sustained, cumulative perceived sleep debt across school days. Weekends and vacations appeared to be opportunities for reducing sleep debt. Trajectories of sleep debt during vacation suggested recovery from school-related sleep restriction. Cumulative sleep debt was related to affect on a daily basis, highlighting the value of this measure for future research and interventions.


SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A66-A67
Author(s):  
Zhuozhi Lin ◽  
Darlynn Rojo-Wissar ◽  
Paul Nestadt ◽  
Jacek Urbanek ◽  
Junrui Di ◽  
...  

Abstract Introduction Chronotype is a potentially modifiable contributor to human well-being and longevity, with eveningness commonly linked to poorer outcomes. We examined the relationship between actigraphy-measured chronotype and all-cause mortality in a nationally representative sample of US adults. We also examined the association between social jetlag, a measure of circadian misalignment, and all-cause mortality. Methods Data were from 2,256 participants ≥50 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2006 cohorts. Participants were asked to wear a hip-worn Actigraph 7164 uni-axial activity monitor for 7 days, and to remove the device for sleep. Objectively-measured bedtime (OBT) was computed as the start of the non-wear period with the longest duration within each 24h period. Duration of the in-bed period (OBT-D) was computed as the hours from OBT to the end of the in-bed period. Midpoint of OBT (OBT-M) was computed as the midpoint between OBT and the end of the in-bed period. Chronotype was estimated using the average OBT-M separately for weekdays, weekends (Friday and Saturday nights), and all days combined. A weekend OBT-M corrected for sleep debt for participants with weekend OBT-D&gt;weekday OBT-D was also computed. The following formula was applied to correct for sleep debt: weekend OBT-M minus ((weekend OBT-D minus weekday OBT-D)/2). Consistent with previous research, OBT-Ms were categorized into intermediate (≥3:30am & ≤4:30am), morningness (&lt;3:30am), and eveningness (&gt;4:30am) chronotypes. Social jetlag was defined as the difference between weekend and weekday OBT-Ms and expressed in hours. Survey-weighted Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the relationship between circadian factors and all-cause mortality. There were 642 deaths, excluding accidental deaths. Results Adjusted for age, sex, race, SES, BMI, smoking and drinking status, comorbidities, and average OBT-D, an eveningness chronotype (i.e., weekend OBT-M corrected for sleep debt) was associated with a greater hazard of death compared to an intermediate chronotype (HR=1.68, 95% CI=1.25, 2.26). There were no other significant associations. Conclusion Evening-oriented chronotype is associated with greater mortality risk in adults aged ≥50. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report the link between chronotype, estimated objectively via actigraphy, and all-cause mortality in a nationally representative sample. Support (if any) NIH grant 5T32MH014592-39.


SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A127-A128
Author(s):  
Symielle Gaston ◽  
Kaitlyn Lawrence ◽  
Dale Sandler ◽  
Chandra Jackson

Abstract Introduction Although neighborhood environments have been shown to affect sleep health, few studies have directly measured multiple indicators of both neighborhood deprivation and sleep while considering modification by race/ethnicity. Methods Among 49,833 eligible U.S. women enrolled in the Sister Study from 2003 to 2009, we investigated associations between neighborhood deprivation (e.g., percentage of residents unemployed, household crowding) and multiple sleep dimensions. Participants’ addresses were linked to U.S. census block group level Area Deprivation Index rankings (range: 1–100) for the year 2000, and participant rankings were divided into quintiles where the highest quintile represented the highest deprivation level. Participants self-reported habitual sleep duration, sleep debt, frequent napping, and insomnia symptoms. Adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, we used Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for sleep dimensions among participants within quintiles (Qs) 2–5 vs. Q1. Interaction terms were used to assess modification by race/ethnicity. Results Mean age ± standard deviation was 55 ± 9 years. Women with higher neighborhood deprivation were more likely to self-identify as a racial/ethnic minority and had higher unadjusted prevalence of poor sleep dimensions. After adjustment, higher ADI was positively associated with very short sleep (≤5 hours), and race/ethnicity was a modifier (e.g., race-stratified results for Q5 vs. Q1:PRWhite=1.31 [95% CI: 1.14–1.51], PRBlack=0.91 [0.71–1.18], PRHispanic/Latina= 1.17 [0.68–2.04], p-interaction &lt;0.05). Although race/ethnicity did not modify remaining associations, women with higher neighborhood deprivation also had a higher prevalence of sleep debt, frequent napping, and insomnia symptoms. When compared to White women with the lowest neighborhood deprivation, Black women across all deprivation levels and Hispanic/Latina women in Q2-Q5 were substantially more likely to report each poor sleep dimension (PR range: 1.21 to 5.01). Conclusion A multidimensional measure of neighborhood deprivation was associated with poor sleep and sleep disparities among a diverse cohort of U.S. women. Support (if any):


2021 ◽  
pp. 074873042110060
Author(s):  
Dorothee Fischer ◽  
Till Roenneberg ◽  
Céline Vetter

The study aimed to explore chronotype-specific effects of two versus four consecutive morning or night shifts on sleep-wake behavior. Sleep debt and social jetlag (a behavioral proxy of circadian misalignment) were estimated from sleep diary data collected for 5 weeks in a within-subject field study of 30 rotating night shift workers (29.9 ± 7.3 years, 60% female). Mixed models were used to examine whether effects of shift sequence length on sleep are dependent on chronotype, testing the interaction between sequence length (two vs. four) and chronotype (determined from sleep diaries). Analyses of two versus four morning shifts showed no significant interaction effects with chronotype. In contrast, increasing the number of night shifts from two to four increased sleep debt in early chronotypes, but decreased sleep debt in late types, with no change in intermediate ones. In early types, the higher sleep debt was due to accumulated sleep loss over four night shifts. In late types, sleep duration did not increase over the course of four night shifts, so that adaptation is unlikely to explain the observed lower sleep debt. Late types instead had increased sleep debt after two night shifts, which was carried over from two preceding morning shifts in this schedule. Including naps did not change the findings. Social jetlag was unaffected by the number of consecutive night shifts. Our results suggest that consecutive night shifts should be limited in early types. For other chronotypes, working four night shifts might be a beneficial alternative to working two morning and two night shifts. Studies should record shift sequences in rotating schedules.


Author(s):  
Tetsuya Kizawa ◽  
Keisuke Hosokawa ◽  
Tsuguo Nishijima ◽  
Susumu Takahashi ◽  
Tetsuo Shimizu ◽  
...  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document