scholarly journals The Potential Role of Inflammation in Modulating Endogenous Hippocampal Neurogenesis After Spinal Cord Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Sefiani ◽  
Cédric G. Geoffroy
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
The United States ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Health Complications ◽  
Medical Advances

Currently there are approximately 291,000 people suffering from a spinal cord injury (SCI) in the United States. SCI is associated with traumatic changes in mobility and neuralgia, as well as many other long-term chronic health complications, including metabolic disorders, diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, osteoporosis, and elevated inflammatory markers. Due to medical advances, patients with SCI survive much longer than previously. This increase in life expectancy exposes them to novel neurological complications such as memory loss, cognitive decline, depression, and Alzheimer’s disease. In fact, these usually age-associated disorders are more prevalent in people living with SCI. A common factor of these disorders is the reduction in hippocampal neurogenesis. Inflammation, which is elevated after SCI, plays a major role in modulating hippocampal neurogenesis. While there is no clear consensus on the mechanism of the decline in hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition after SCI, we will examine in this review how SCI-induced inflammation could modulate hippocampal neurogenesis and provoke age-associated neurological disorders. Thereafter, we will discuss possible therapeutic options which may mitigate the influence of SCI associated complications on hippocampal neurogenesis.

Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Martin ◽  
Lara Zimmermann ◽  
Kee D. Kim ◽  
Marike Zwienenberg ◽  
Kiarash Shahlaie
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Burst Fracture ◽  
Compression Fracture ◽  
The United States ◽  
Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Pressure Therapy ◽  
Cord Injury

Traumatic spinal cord injury currently affects approximately 285,000 persons in the United States and carries with it significant morbidity and cost. Early management focuses on adequate ventilation and hemodynamic resuscitation of the patient and limiting motion of the spine to prevent a second injury. Medical management targets maintenance of adequate blood flow to the spinal cord, whereas surgical management focuses on decompression, realignment, and stabilization of the vertebral column. In this chapter, we discuss the approach to the patient with traumatic spinal cord injury, injury types, and medical and surgical management. This review contains 9 figures, 4 tables and 30 references Key Words: American Spinal Injury Association score, burst fracture, Chance fracture, compression fracture, hangman, mean arterial pressure therapy, odontoid fracture, spinal cord injury, traction

Relationship of Exercise and Hospital Readmission After Spinal Cord Injury: A Secondary Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Kubiak ◽  
Elliot Sklar
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Hospital Readmission ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hospital Readmissions ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Inpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Exercise Participation ◽  
Cord Injury

Importance: After spinal cord injury (SCI), as many as 45% of people experience at least one hospital readmission within 1 yr. Identification of feasible low-cost interventions to reduce hospital readmissions after SCI is needed. Objective: To explore whether a relationship exists between routine exercise and hospital readmission rates 1 yr after SCI. Design: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the SCIRehab Project, a prospective cohort study. Setting: Five SCI inpatient rehabilitation facilities across the United States. Participants: Participants were people age 12 yr and older who had sustained an SCI, were admitted to a participating inpatient rehabilitation facility, completed the 12-mo postinjury interview, and reported exercising either monthly or not at all since discharge (N = 520). Outcomes and Measures: The SCIRehab Project conducted 12-mo post–inpatient rehabilitation discharge interviews. As part of the interviews, self-reported hospital readmissions and exercise frequencies since discharge (self-reported number of months, average days per week, and average minutes per day of exercise participation) were collected and analyzed. Results: A χ2 analysis determined that a significant correlation (φ = −.091, p = .038) exists between monthly exercise and hospital readmissions 1 yr postinjury. Compared with those who did not exercise, participants who exercised monthly had 8.4% fewer hospital readmissions. Conclusions and Relevance: A relationship exists between exercise and hospital readmission, but follow-up research is needed to determine whether regular exercise reduces hospital readmissions among this population. What This Article Adds: After discharge, 44% of the participants did not exercise during the first year after injury. Identifying or implementing accessible community exercise programs is an area of opportunity for occupational therapy practitioners and future researchers to explore.

Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Martin ◽  
Lara Zimmermann ◽  
Kee D. Kim ◽  
Marike Zwienenberg ◽  
Kiarash Shahlaie
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Burst Fracture ◽  
Compression Fracture ◽  
The United States ◽  
Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Pressure Therapy ◽  
Cord Injury

Traumatic spinal cord injury currently affects approximately 285,000 persons in the United States and carries with it significant morbidity and cost. Early management focuses on adequate ventilation and hemodynamic resuscitation of the patient and limiting motion of the spine to prevent a second injury. Medical management targets maintenance of adequate blood flow to the spinal cord, whereas surgical management focuses on decompression, realignment, and stabilization of the vertebral column. In this chapter, we discuss the approach to the patient with traumatic spinal cord injury, injury types, and medical and surgical management. This review contains 9 figures, 4 tables and 30 references Key Words: American Spinal Injury Association score, burst fracture, Chance fracture, compression fracture, hangman, mean arterial pressure therapy, odontoid fracture, spinal cord injury, traction

Delayed Spinal Cord Injury From Electrical Burns: Two Cases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tareq AlQasas ◽  
Colette Galet ◽  
Lucy Wibbenmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Flaccid Paralysis ◽  
Lower Extremity Weakness ◽  
Successful Recovery ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Injury Recovery ◽  
Electrical Burns ◽  
Electrical Injuries

Abstract Spinal cord injury has been described in only 2% to 5% of electrical injuries. When its presentation is delayed for several days to weeks after the initial injury, recovery is not the rule. Herein, we describe two patients who developed spinal cord injury from electrical burns. Case 1: A 60-year-old male presented with a 40% TBSA after contacting a power line. On hospital day 6, he developed lower extremity weakness that progressed to flaccid paralysis. Case 2: A 58-year-old male sustained a 9% TBSA high-voltage injury. On hospital day 2, he started to have progressive weakness of his lower extremities that progressed to flaccid paralysis. Neither case was judged to have experienced additional significant trauma. Neurological complications after electrical injuries are protean. Delayed spinal cord injury is rare and associated with variable degrees of recovery. Neurological follow-up with rehabilitation is essential for a successful recovery.

Men’s Adjustment to Spinal Cord Injury: The Unique Contributions of Conformity to Masculine Gender Norms

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaun Michael Burns ◽  
Sigmund Hough ◽  
Briana L. Boyd ◽  
Justin Hill
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Masculine Norms ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The Impact

Men constitute 82% of the approximately 250,000 people in the United States living with a spinal cord injury. Unfortunately, however, little is known about the impact of men’s adherence to gender norms on their adjustment to such injuries. The present investigation examined the utility of masculine norms in explaining variance in depression beyond that accounted for by commonly identified predictors of men’s adjustment following spinal cord injury. As hypothesized, results suggested that men’s adherence to masculine norms accounted for unique variance in their depression scores beyond that contributed by social support, environmental barriers/access, and erectile functioning. Respondents who adhered to norms stressing the primacy of men’s work demonstrated lower rates of depression, whereas those who conformed to norms for self-reliance demonstrated higher depression scores. The authors discuss future research directions and potential psychotherapeutic strategies for working with men with spinal cord injuries.

scholarly journals A model for estimating spinal cord injury prevalence in the United States

Spinal Cord ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
J E Lasfargues ◽  
D Custis ◽  
F Morrone ◽  
J Cars well ◽  
T Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cord Injury

263 BLADDER MANAGEMENT METHODS AFTER TRAUMATIC SPINAL CORD INJURY IN THE UNITED STATES

2010 ◽  
Vol 183 (4S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne P. Cameron ◽  
Lauren P. Wallner ◽  
Aruna V. Sarma ◽  
Denise G. Tate ◽  
Gianna M. Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
The United States ◽  
Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Bladder Management
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