scholarly journals The Role of Animacy and Structural Information in Relative Clause Attachment: Evidence From Chinese

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayoung Kwon ◽  
Deborah Ong ◽  
Hongyue Chen ◽  
Aili Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Relative Clause ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Relative Clause Attachment

The Role of Working Memory in Relative Clause Attachment Preferences

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Swets ◽  
Timothy Desmet ◽  
Zachary Hambrick ◽  
Fernanda Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Relative Clause ◽  
Relative Clause Attachment

scholarly journals Emergence and Self-Organisation of Complex Systems: the role of energy flows and information a philosophical approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Fenzl
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Open Systems ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
Energy And Material Flows

How order emerges from noise? How higher complexity arises from lower complexity? For what reason a certain number of open systems start interacting in a coherent way, producing new structures, building up cohesion and new structural boundaries? To answer these questions we need to precise the concepts we use to describe open and complex systems and the basic driving forces of self-organization.   We assume that self-organization processes are related to the flow and throughput of Energy and Matter and the production of system-specific Information. These two processes are intimately linked together: Energy and Material flows are the fundamental carriers of signs, which are processed by the internal structure of the system to produce system-specific structural Information (Is). So far, the present theoretical reflections are focused on the emergence of open systems and on the role of Energy Flows and Information in a self-organizing process. Based on the assumption that Energy, Mass and Information are intrinsically linked together and are fundamental aspects of the Universe, we discuss how they might be related to each other and how they are able to produce the emergence of new structures and systems. 

Role of arginine 180 and glutamic acid 177 of ricin toxin A chain in enzymatic inactivation of ribosomes

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 6257-6263
Author(s):  
A Frankel ◽  
P Welsh ◽  
J Richardson ◽  
J D Robertus
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Toxin A ◽  
Mutant Proteins ◽  
Ricin Toxin ◽  
Enzymatic Inactivation ◽  
A Chain

The gene for ricin toxin A chain was modified by site-specific mutagenesis to change arginine 180 to alanine, glutamine, methionine, lysine, or histidine. Separately, glutamic acid 177 was changed to alanine and glutamic acid 208 was changed to aspartic acid. Both the wild-type and mutant proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli and, when soluble, purified and tested quantitatively for enzyme activity. A positive charge at position 180 was found necessary for solubility of the protein and for enzyme activity. Similarly, a negative charge with a proper geometry in the vicinity of position 177 was critical for ricin toxin A chain catalysis. When glutamic acid 177 was converted to alanine, nearby glutamic acid 208 could largely substitute for it. This observation provided valuable structural information concerning the nature of second-site mutations.

scholarly journals Hierarchical structure priming from mathematics to two- and three-site relative clause attachment

Cognition ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
pp. 155-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Scheepers ◽  
Anastasia Galkina ◽  
Yury Shtyrov ◽  
Andriy Myachykov
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Relative Clause ◽  
Relative Clause Attachment
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