scholarly journals Reported Affect Changes as a Function of Response Delay: Findings From a Pooled Dataset of Nine Experience Sampling Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gudrun Eisele ◽  
Hugo Vachon ◽  
Inez Myin-Germeys ◽  
Wolfgang Viechtbauer
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Response Delay ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Sampling Studies ◽  
Secondary Analyses ◽  
Paper And Pencil ◽  
Delayed Responses

Delayed responses are a common phenomenon in experience sampling studies. Yet no consensus exists on whether they should be excluded from the analysis or what the threshold for exclusion should be. Delayed responses could introduce bias, but previous investigations of systematic differences between delayed and timely responses have offered unclear results. To investigate differences as a function of delay, we conducted secondary analyses of nine paper and pencil based experience sampling studies including 1,528 individuals with different clinical statuses. In all participants, there were significant decreases in positive and increases in negative affect as a function of delay. In addition, delayed answers of participants without depression showed higher within-person variability and an initial strengthening in the relationships between contextual stress and affect. Participants with depression mostly showed the opposite pattern. Delayed responses seem qualitatively different from timely responses. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying these differences.

scholarly journals Affect Dysregulation in Context: Implications and Future Directions of Experience Sampling Research on Affect Regulation Models of Loss of Control Eating

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan E. Mikhail
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Affect Regulation ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Loss Of Control ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Loss Of Control Eating ◽  
Sampling Studies ◽  
Regulation Model

Loss of control eating is a core, transdiagnostic eating disorder symptom associated with psychological distress, functional impairment, and reduced quality of life. However, the factors that contribute to persistent loss of control eating despite negative consequences are not fully understood. Understanding the mechanisms that maintain loss of control eating is crucial to advance treatments that interrupt these processes. Affect regulation models of loss of control eating hypothesize that negative emotions trigger loss of control eating, and that loss of control eating is negatively reinforced because it temporarily decreases negative affect. Several variations on this basic affect regulation model have been proposed, including theories suggesting that negative affect decreases during loss of control eating rather than afterwards (escape theory), and that loss of control eating replaces one negative emotion with another that is less aversive (trade-off theory). Experience sampling designs that measure negative affect and eating behavior multiple times per day are optimally suited to examining the nuanced predictions of these affect regulation models in people's everyday lives. This paper critically reviews experience sampling studies examining associations between negative affect and loss of control eating, and discusses the implications for different affect regulation models of loss of control eating. The review concludes by proposing an expanded affect-focused model of loss of control eating that incorporates trait-level individual differences and momentary biological and environmental variables to guide future research. Clinical implications and recommendations are discussed.

Beliefs about stressors alter stressors’ impact: Evidence from two experience-sampling studies

2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 1261-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Daniels ◽  
Ruth Hartley ◽  
Cheryl J. Travers
Keyword(s):  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Sampling Studies

Recommendations for Reporting Sample and Measurement Information in Experience Sampling Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Heggestad ◽  
Liana Kreamer ◽  
Mary M. Hausfeld ◽  
Charmi Patel ◽  
Steven G. Rogelberg
Keyword(s):  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Measurement Information ◽  
Sampling Studies

Does suppressing negative emotion impair subsequent emotions? Two experience sampling studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Ruan ◽  
Harry T. Reis ◽  
Wojciech Zareba ◽  
Richard D. Lane
Keyword(s):  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Sampling Studies

Differentiate to Regulate: Low Negative Emotion Differentiation Is Associated With Ineffective Use but Not Selection of Emotion-Regulation Strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 863-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise K. Kalokerinos ◽  
Yasemin Erbas ◽  
Eva Ceulemans ◽  
Peter Kuppens
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Emotion Differentiation ◽  
Sampling Studies ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Selection Of

Emotion differentiation, which involves experiencing and labeling emotions in a granular way, has been linked with well-being. It has been theorized that differentiating between emotions facilitates effective emotion regulation, but this link has yet to be comprehensively tested. In two experience-sampling studies, we examined how negative emotion differentiation was related to (a) the selection of emotion-regulation strategies and (b) the effectiveness of these strategies in downregulating negative emotion ( Ns = 200 and 101 participants and 34,660 and 6,282 measurements, respectively). Unexpectedly, we found few relationships between differentiation and the selection of putatively adaptive or maladaptive strategies. Instead, we found interactions between differentiation and strategies in predicting negative emotion. Among low differentiators, all strategies (Study 1) and four of six strategies (Study 2) were more strongly associated with increased negative emotion than they were among high differentiators. This suggests that low differentiation may hinder successful emotion regulation, which in turn supports the idea that effective regulation may underlie differentiation benefits.

Linguistic Nonimmediacy and Communicators' Anxiety

1974 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 1107-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Conville
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Paper And Pencil

Linguistic nonimmediacy refers to the degree of verbal indirectness with which a person refers to himself or to that about which he communicates. Current research on linguistic nonimmediacy indicates that this indirectness of verbal reference increases as the speaker experiences increased negative affect. The purpose of this investigation was to test the reliability of this finding in a nonlaboratory setting and using a within- Ss design. The results of the previous research were replicated, and the argument was advanced that nonimmediacy analysis of Ss' language can be a legitimate substitute for conventional paper-and-pencil attitude tests.

Capturing Affective Experiences using the SMS Experience Sampling (SMS-ES) method

2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynda Andrews ◽  
Rebekah Russell Bennett ◽  
Judy Drennan
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Short Message ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Sampling Studies ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Affective Experiences ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Message System

This paper reports the feasibility and methodological considerations of using the Short Message System Experience Sampling (SMS-ES) method, which is an experience sampling research method developed to assist researchers to collect repeat measures of consumers' affective experiences. The method combines SMS with web-based technology in a simple yet effective way. It is described using a practical implementation study that collected consumers' emotions in response to using mobile phones in everyday situations. The method is further evaluated in terms of the quality of data collected in the study, as well as against the methodological considerations for experience sampling studies. These two evaluations suggest that the SMS-ES method is both a valid and reliable approach for collecting consumers' affective experiences. Moreover, the method can be applied across a range of for-profit and not-for-profit contexts where researchers want to capture repeated measures of consumers' affective experiences occurring over a period of time. The benefits of the method are discussed, to assist researchers who wish to apply the SMS-ES method in their own research designs.

The effects of computerized versus paper-and-pencil administration on measures of negative affect

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clay E. George ◽  
J.Scott Lankford ◽  
Sheri E. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Paper And Pencil

scholarly journals Measuring motivational relationship processes in experience sampling: A reliability model for moments, days, and persons nested in couples

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix D. Schönbrodt ◽  
Caroline Zygar-Hoffmann ◽  
Steffen Nestler ◽  
Sebastian Pusch ◽  
Birk Hagemeyer
Keyword(s):  
Variance Components ◽  
Generalizability Theory ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Sampling Studies ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Relationship Processes ◽  
Level Scale ◽  
Variance Estimates

AbstractThe investigation of within-person process models, often done in experience sampling designs, requires a reliable assessment of within-person change. In this paper, we focus on dyadic intensive longitudinal designs where both partners of a couple are assessed multiple times each day across several days. We introduce a statistical model for variance decomposition based on generalizability theory (extending P. E. Shrout & S. P. Lane, 2012), which can estimate the relative proportion of variability on four hierarchical levels: moments within a day, days, persons, and couples. Based on these variance estimates, four reliability coefficients are derived: between-couples, between-persons, within-persons/between-days, and within-persons/between-moments. We apply the model to two dyadic intensive experience sampling studies (n1 = 130 persons, 5 surveys each day for 14 days, ≥ 7508 unique surveys; n2 = 508 persons, 5 surveys each day for 28 days, ≥ 47764 unique surveys). Five different scales in the domain of motivational processes and relationship quality were assessed with 2 to 5 items: State relationship satisfaction, communal motivation, and agentic motivation; the latter consists of two subscales, namely power and independence motivation. Largest variance components were on the level of persons, moments, couples, and days, where within-day variance was generally larger than between-day variance. Reliabilities ranged from .32 to .76 (couple level), .93 to .98 (person level), .61 to .88 (day level), and .28 to .72 (moment level). Scale intercorrelations reveal differential structures between and within persons, which has consequences for theory building and statistical modeling.

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