Linguistic Nonimmediacy and Communicators' Anxiety

1974 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 1107-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Conville
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Paper And Pencil

Linguistic nonimmediacy refers to the degree of verbal indirectness with which a person refers to himself or to that about which he communicates. Current research on linguistic nonimmediacy indicates that this indirectness of verbal reference increases as the speaker experiences increased negative affect. The purpose of this investigation was to test the reliability of this finding in a nonlaboratory setting and using a within- Ss design. The results of the previous research were replicated, and the argument was advanced that nonimmediacy analysis of Ss' language can be a legitimate substitute for conventional paper-and-pencil attitude tests.

The effects of computerized versus paper-and-pencil administration on measures of negative affect

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clay E. George ◽  
J.Scott Lankford ◽  
Sheri E. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Paper And Pencil

scholarly journals Motivos, personalidad y bienestar subjetivo en el voluntariado

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcial Cabrera-Darias ◽  
Rosario J. Marrero-Quevedo
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Personal Traits ◽  
On Line ◽  
Paper And Pencil

In this study, the aim was to analyze the relationships between individuals’ motivation for to participate in volunteering, personality traits and subjective well-being. Data collection was conducted through paper-and-pencil and on-line tests. A total of 153 adults, aged 17-65 years old, completed the instruments. The results showed that previous motivations differed between the two groups of volunteers. Correlational analyzes indicated that motivations, as requested by the organization, personal circumstances or life experiences, were associated with life satisfaction and negative affect in on-line volunteers; whereas that to do something useful or feelings of peace were the motives associated to well-being for volunteers who completed the test in paper and pencil. Personality traits, mainly neuroticism, showed more consistent relationships with well-being that the motivations in both groups of volunteers. Regression analyzes indicated that the facets of extraversion, gregariousness, warmth and activity were the strongest predictors of well-being for the volunteers who made the tests on paper and pencil; whereas that the facet of conscientiousness discipline and the emotional stability predicted well-being for the volunteers who completed the test on-line. These findings suggest that there are different profiles of volunteers that could be determining their participation in various activities or collectives. In addition, personal traits have shown to have a greater effect on well-being that the motivations to participate in volunteering.

scholarly journals Reported Affect Changes as a Function of Response Delay: Findings From a Pooled Dataset of Nine Experience Sampling Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gudrun Eisele ◽  
Hugo Vachon ◽  
Inez Myin-Germeys ◽  
Wolfgang Viechtbauer
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Response Delay ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Sampling Studies ◽  
Secondary Analyses ◽  
Paper And Pencil ◽  
Delayed Responses

Delayed responses are a common phenomenon in experience sampling studies. Yet no consensus exists on whether they should be excluded from the analysis or what the threshold for exclusion should be. Delayed responses could introduce bias, but previous investigations of systematic differences between delayed and timely responses have offered unclear results. To investigate differences as a function of delay, we conducted secondary analyses of nine paper and pencil based experience sampling studies including 1,528 individuals with different clinical statuses. In all participants, there were significant decreases in positive and increases in negative affect as a function of delay. In addition, delayed answers of participants without depression showed higher within-person variability and an initial strengthening in the relationships between contextual stress and affect. Participants with depression mostly showed the opposite pattern. Delayed responses seem qualitatively different from timely responses. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying these differences.

Riskanter schädlicher und abhängiger Alkoholkonsum: Screening, Diagnostik, Kurzintervention. Leitlinien der AWMF

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Rist ◽  
Ralf Demmel ◽  
Ulfert Hapke ◽  
Georg Kremer ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Rumpf
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivität Und Spezifität ◽  
Paper And Pencil

<B>Ziele:</B> Formulierung evidenzbasierter Leitlinien, die Screening und Kurzintervention im Rahmen der medizinischen Basisversorgung erleichtern sollen. </P><P> <B>Methode:</B> Literaturrecherche in der Datenbank MEDLINE und Auswertung der seit 1995 publizierten Studien. </P><P> </B>Ergebnisse:</B> <OL><LI>Screening: Sensitivität und Spezifität einfacher »Paper and Pencil«-Verfahren sind in der Regel höher als die herkömmlicher biochemischer Marker. <LI>Intervention: Eine minimale Intervention kann zahlreiche Patienten veranlassen, den Konsum von Alkohol zu reduzieren. Kurzinterventionen sind in hohem Maße kosteneffizient.</OL> </P><P> <B>Schlussfolgerungen:</B> Vor dem Hintergrund der vorliegenden Literatur erscheint die Implementierung sekundärpräventiver Maßnahmen gerechtfertigt.

Measures of RSA Suppression, Attentional Control, and Negative Affect Predict Self-Ratings of Executive Functions

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Healy ◽  
Aaron Treadwell ◽  
Mandy Reagan
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Attentional Control ◽  
Executive Processes ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Low Levels

The current study was an attempt to determine the degree to which the suppression of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and attentional control were influential in the ability to engage various executive processes under high and low levels of negative affect. Ninety-four college students completed the Stroop Test while heart rate was being recorded. Estimates of the suppression of RSA were calculated from each participant in response to this test. The participants then completed self-ratings of attentional control, negative affect, and executive functioning. Regression analysis indicated that individual differences in estimates of the suppression of RSA, and ratings of attentional control were associated with the ability to employ executive processes but only when self-ratings of negative affect were low. An increase in negative affect compromised the ability to employ these strategies in the majority of participants. The data also suggest that high attentional control in conjunction with attenuated estimates of RSA suppression may increase the ability to use executive processes as negative affect increases.

The Blank in the Mind Questionnaire (BIMQ)

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Despina Moraitou ◽  
Anastasia Efklides
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Memory Failure ◽  
Temporary Memory ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

Metacognitive awareness of memory failure may take the form of the “blank in the mind” (BIM) experience. The BIM experience informs the person of a temporary memory failure and takes the form of a disruption in the flow of consciousness, of a moment of no content in awareness. The aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Blank in the Mind Questionnaire (BIMQ) designed to tap the BIM experience and differentiate it from other memory-related experiences, such as searching but not having in memory a piece of information (i.e., lack of knowledge). The participants (N = 493) were 249 younger adults (18–30 years old) and 244 older adults (63–89 years old) of both genders. Confirmatory factor analysis applied to the BIMQ confirmed a three-factor model with interrelations between the factors. The first factor represented the experience of lack of knowledge, the second represented the experience of BIM, and the third the person’s negative affective reactions to memory failure. The internal consistency of the three factors ranged from Cronbach’s α = .80 to .88. Convergent validity was shown with correlations of the BIMQ factors with self-report measures of cognitive and memory failures, and to the negative-affect subscale of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS).

The Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of Positive and Negative Affect

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Joshanloo ◽  
Ali Bakhshi
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Invariance Testing ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Scalar Invariance ◽  
Gender Groups

Abstract. This study investigated the factor structure and measurement invariance of the Mroczek and Kolarz’s scales of positive and negative affect in Iran (N = 2,391) and the USA (N = 2,154), and across gender groups. The two-factor model of affect was supported across the groups. The results of measurement invariance testing confirmed full metric and partial scalar invariance of the scales across cultural groups, and full metric and full scalar invariance across gender groups. The results of latent mean analysis revealed that Iranians scored lower on positive affect and higher on negative affect than Americans. The analyses also showed that American men scored significantly lower than American women on negative affect. The significance and implications of the results are discussed.

Feeling Like a Burden

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-238
Author(s):  
James H. Wirth ◽  
Ashley Batts Allen ◽  
Emily M. Zitek
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Social Costs ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Self Compassion

Abstract. We examined the negative outcomes, particularly social costs that result when a person harms their group by performing poorly, and whether self-compassion could buffer against these negative outcomes. In Studies 1 and 2, participants performed poorly and harmed their group or performed equal to their group. Harmful poor-performing participants felt more burdensome, experienced more negative affect, felt more ostracized, anticipated more exclusion, and felt lowered self-esteem than equal-performing participants. Studies 3 and 4 disentangled poor performance from harming a group. Poor-performing participants either harmed the group or caused no harm. Harmful poor-performing participants felt more burdensome and anticipated more exclusion, indicating the additional social consequences of a harmful poor performance over a non-harmful performance. Across studies, trait self-compassion was associated with reduced negative effects.

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