scholarly journals Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Cytology in Healthy Cynomolgus Macaques

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Pavot ◽  
Christine Prost ◽  
Guillaume Dubost-Martin ◽  
Kevin Thibault-Duprey ◽  
Eve Ramery
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Blood Contamination ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Differential Cell ◽  
Cynomolgus Macaques ◽  
Ciliated Epithelial Cells

Bronchoalveolar lavage, or BAL, is a minimally invasive procedure frequently used for clinical and non-clinical research, allowing studies of the respiratory system. Macaques are the most widely used non-human primate models in biomedical research. However, very little information is available in the literature concerning BAL cytology in macaques. The purpose of this study was to establish BAL reference values and document an atlas of BAL cytology from healthy cynomolgus macaques. BALs were obtained from 30 macaques and BAL fluid differential cell counts based on 400 nucleated cells/BAL sample were performed by a board-certified clinical pathologist. Results were analyzed using Reference Value Advisor macroinstructions and the effect of blood and oropharyngeal contaminations was investigated. Overall, nucleated cells interval percentages in BAL fluids were 55.8 to 93.7 for macrophages, 1.8 to 37.1 for lymphocytes, 0.4 to 8.7 for neutrophils, and 0.4 to 9.8 for eosinophils. Mild oropharyngeal contamination did not affect BAL differential cell counts, whilst a slight but significant increase of the percentage of lymphocytes was observed in samples with mild blood contamination. Mucus and variable numbers of ciliated epithelial cells were commonly present. Rarely, multinucleated macrophages and mastocytes were also observed. The reference intervals established in this study provide a useful baseline for the assessment of BAL cytological data in cynomolgus macaques.

scholarly journals Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytological findings in healthy Amiata donkeys

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
Valentina Vitale ◽  
Francesca Bonelli ◽  
Angela Briganti ◽  
Micaela Sgorbini
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Differential Count ◽  
Nasal Passage ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: The approach to respiratory diseases in donkeys is similar to that for horses; nevertheless, Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and tracheal wash cytology in this species have been described only a few times in the literature. Aim: To describe BALF cytological findings in a cohort of 24 healthy Amiata donkeys. Methods: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was carried out via standing sedation with a large animal where the BAL catheter passed blindly through the nasal passage into the trachea. Results: The total nucleated cell count of the BALF was found similar to that already described in healthy horses and donkeys. No differences in the differential count were observed according to age and sex. A decreased macrophage percentage and an increased eosinophil percentage were observed in our donkey population when compared to the existing reference range for horses. Conclusion: The reference intervals for BAL cytology in donkeys may be significantly different for those referred for horses.

scholarly journals Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cell counts in cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and their relation to therapy.

Thorax ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 328-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
P L Haslam ◽  
C W Turton ◽  
A Lukoszek ◽  
A J Salsbury ◽  
A Dewar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Fibrosing Alveolitis ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cryptogenic Fibrosing Alveolitis ◽  
Fluid Cell

scholarly journals The Fermented Soy Product ImmuBalanceTM Suppresses Airway Inflammation in a Murine Model of Asthma

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3380
Author(s):  
Hideaki Kadotani ◽  
Kazuhisa Asai ◽  
Atsushi Miyamoto ◽  
Kohei Iwasaki ◽  
Takahiro Kawai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Allergic Airway Inflammation ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Cell Infiltration ◽  
Mucus Production ◽  
Cell Counts

The fermented soy product ImmuBalance contains many active ingredients and its beneficial effects on some allergic diseases have been reported. We hypothesized that ImmuBalance could have potential effects on airway inflammation in a murine model of asthma. Mice sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin developed airway inflammation. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was assessed for inflammatory cell counts and levels of cytokines. Lung tissues were examined for cell infiltration and mucus hypersecretion. Oral administration of ImmuBalance significantly inhibited ovalbumin-induced eosinophilic inflammation and decreased Th2 cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (p < 0.05). In addition, lung histological analysis showed that ImmuBalance inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration and airway mucus production. Our findings suggest that supplementation with ImmuBalance may provide a novel strategy for the prevention or treatment of allergic airway inflammation.

Lung injury in the neonatal piglet caused by hyperoxia and mechanical ventilation

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 1007-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Davis ◽  
D. P. Penney ◽  
R. H. Notter ◽  
L. Metlay ◽  
B. Dickerson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lung Compliance ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Clara Cells ◽  
Collagen Formation ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Dynamic Lung Compliance

Neonatal lung injury from hyperoxia and mechanical hyperventilation was studied in newborn piglets hyperventilated (arterial PCO2 15–20 Torr) for 24–48 h with 100% O2 and compared with unventilated controls. Pulmonary function testing was performed, and biochemical indicators of lung injury were analyzed from tracheobronchial aspirates at 0, 24, and 48 h. Lung sections were obtained for light and electron microscopy, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was analyzed for surfactant composition and activity. At 24 h significant changes in tracheobronchial aspirate albumin concentrations (up 78%) and percent of polymorphonuclear cells (up 16%) were demonstrated. At 48 h a 35% decrease in dynamic lung compliance (P less than 0.05) and a 36% increase in pulmonary resistance (P less than 0.05) were noted. Further biochemical abnormalities occurred with total cell counts increased by 271% (P less than 0.02), albumin 163% (P less than 0.05), total protein 217% (P less than 0.01), and elastase 108% (P less than 0.02). Pathological analyses revealed mild lung injury at 24 h and marked inflammation, abnormal inflation patterns, flattening of Clara cells, fibrinous exudate and edema, early collagen formation, and cell necrosis observed at 48 h. Bronchoalveolar lavage surfactant had normal biophysical activity. Results demonstrate that exposure of neonatal piglets to O2 and mechanical hyperventilation for 48 h cause severe progressive lung injury.

The effect of filtration on absolute and differential cell counts in fluid obtained at bronchoalveolar lavage

1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kelly ◽  
C. Ward ◽  
G. Bird ◽  
D. Hendrick ◽  
H. Walters
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Differential Cell

Differential Cell Counts Of Bronchoalveolar Lavage In 250 Healthy Volunteers

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corina Probst ◽  
Jasmin Yalcintepe ◽  
Florian Kollert ◽  
Manuela Rothe ◽  
Ulrich Senge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Differential Cell

scholarly journals Interstitial Score and Concentrations of IL-4Rα, PAR-2, and MMP-7 in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Could Be Useful Markers for Distinguishing Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 693
Author(s):  
Magdalena Bruzova ◽  
Martina Pavlova ◽  
Radoslav Matej ◽  
Martina Sterclova ◽  
Martina Vasakova
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Tnf Α

Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) entails a variable group of lung diseases of unknown etiology. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, interstitial lung diseases related to connective tissue disease (CTD-ILD), and hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) can manifest with similar clinical, radiological, and histopathological features. In a differential diagnosis, biomarkers can play a significant role. We assume that levels of specific cyto- or chemokines or their receptors can signal pathogenetic processes in the lungs. Eighty patients with different types of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia were enrolled in this study. Cell counts and concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin-4 receptor α, proteinase-activated receptor (PAR)-2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-7, and B cell-activating factor were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid using commercial ELISA kits. High resolution computer tomography results were evaluated using alveolar and interstitial (IS) score scales. Levels of TNF-α were significantly higher in HP compared to fibrosing IIP (p < 0.0001) and CTD-ILD (p = 0.0381). Concentrations of IL-4Rα, PAR-2, and MMP-7 were positively correlated with IS (p = 0.0009; p = 0.0256; p = 0.0015, respectively). Since TNF-α plays a major role in inflammation, our results suggest that HP is predominantly an inflammatory disease. From the positive correlation with IS we believe that IL-4Rα, PAR-2, and MMP-7 could serve as fibroproliferative biomarkers in differential diagnosis of IIP.

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