scholarly journals Contribution to Herpesvirus Surveillance in Beaked Whales Stranded in the Canary Islands

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1923
Author(s):  
Idaira Felipe-Jiménez ◽  
Antonio Fernández ◽  
Marisa Andrada ◽  
Manuel Arbelo ◽  
Simone Segura-Göthlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Polymerase Gene ◽  
Previous Survey ◽  
Active Viral Replication ◽  
Beaked Whales ◽  
Ziphius Cavirostris ◽  
Available Information

Herpesviruses (HVs) (Alpha- and Gammaherpesvirinae subfamilies) have been detected in several species of cetaceans with different pathological implications. However, available information on their presence in beaked whales (BWs) is still scarce. In this study, a total of 55 BWs (35 Ziphius cavirostris and 20 animals belonging to the Mesoplodon genus) were analyzed. Samples (n = 294) were obtained from BWs stranded along the coasts of the Canary Islands (1990–2017). Molecular detection of HV was performed by means of a conventional nested PCR based on the DNA polymerase gene. Herpesvirus was detected in 14.45% (8/55) of the analyzed BWs, including 2 positive animals from a previous survey. A percentage positivity of 8.57% was found within the Cuvier’s BW group, while the percentage of positivity rose to 25% within the Mesoplodon genus group (three M. densirostris, one M. europaeus, and one M. bidens). All the obtained sequences from this study belonged to the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily, from which three are considered novel sequences, all of them within the Mesoplodon genus group. In addition, to our knowledge, this is the first description of HV infection in Gervais’ and Sowerby’s BWs. Three out of eight HV-positive BWs displayed histopathological lesions indicative of active viral replication.

scholarly journals Detection and partial genetic characterisation of novel avi- and siadenoviruses in racing and fancy pigeons (Columba livia domestica)

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónika Z. Ballmann ◽  
Balázs Harrach
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Hexon Gene ◽  
Polymerase Gene ◽  
Viral Dna ◽  
Phylogeny Analysis ◽  
Pcr Targeting

Up to now, only a single adenovirus (AdV) isolate seemingly specific for pigeons, hence named pigeon AdV-1 (PiAdV-1), has been characterised at DNA sequence level. In the present work, the prevalence and diversity of AdVs occurring in domestic pigeon were examined by a survey performed on randomly collected samples using a very efficient, consensus nested PCR targeting the viral DNA polymerase gene. The newly detected viruses were characterised by sequencing and phylogeny analysis. Amplification of additional genome fragments was attempted by the use of several other PCR methods aiming at the hexon gene. During a 4-year survey, samples from dead or live, healthy pigeons originating from 27 lofts were examined in Hungary. Almost 50% of the samples (48 out of 97) proved to be positive for AdV. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of four hitherto unknown pigeon AdV types. PiAdV-1 was also identified in one sample. Two novel viruses named PiAdV-2 and -3 were found to belong to the genus Aviadenovirus, and two other novel types (PiAdV-4 and -5) to the genus Siadenovirus. This is the first report on the occurrence of siadenoviruses in birds belonging to the order Columbiformes. Approximately two-thirds of the PiAdV-2 genome was sequenced and analysed.

scholarly journals Development of a PCR system for porcine cytomegalovirus detection and determination of the putative partial sequence of its DNA polymerase gene

1999 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. F. WIDEN ◽  
J. P. LOWINGS ◽  
S. BELAK ◽  
M. BANKS
Keyword(s):  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Herpes Virus ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Partial Sequence ◽  
Polymerase Gene ◽  
Porcine Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Dna Polymerase Gene ◽  
Herpès Virus

After PCR amplification with conservative cytomegalovirus primers, a 520 nucleotide putative partial sequence of the DNA polymerase gene of porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV) was determined. Sequence comparison revealed homology to DNA polymerase genes from various beta herpes viruses and a dendrogram was constructed depicting the relationship of PCMV to other members of the Herpesviridae family. The dendrogram indicates that PCMV is indeed a beta herpes virus that is more closely related to human herpes virus types 6 and 7 than to type 5.To address the difficulties encountered during conventional PCMV detection and characterization a set of nested PCR primers were constructed which generated DNA fragments of 415 and 257 bp from the DNA polymerase gene. The nested PCR system proved specific for PCMV and provided a novel means for the detection of this poorly characterized herpes virus in pig populations, vaccines and in organs used in xenotransplantation.

scholarly journals Sequence Variation within Three Important Cytomegalovirus Gene Regions in Isolates from Four Different Patient Populations

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 3662-3669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benita Zweygberg Wirgart ◽  
Maria Brytting ◽  
Annika Linde ◽  
Britta Wahren ◽  
Lena Grillner
Keyword(s):  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Sequence Variation ◽  
Gene Region ◽  
Sequence Information ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Polymerase Gene ◽  
Day Care Centers ◽  
Dna Polymerase Gene

We determined the nucleotide (nt) and amino acid (aa) heterogeneities of three distinct regions of the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) genome for 46 low-passage CMV isolates from four different patient populations (congenitally infected infants, children attending day-care centers, renal transplant recipients, and human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals) and for two laboratory strains (CMV Ad169 and Towne). The gene regions for the major immediate-early (MIE) exon 4 gene (nt positions 1702 to 1982, aa positions 152 to 244), the DNA polymerase gene (nt positions 2797 to 3046, aa positions 713 to 795), and the glycoprotein B (gB) gene (nt positions 1698 to 1884, aa positions 567 to 628) were sequenced. The sequence information was used to design sets of nested PCR primers directed against the most highly conserved regions identified. MIE was the most variable gene region compared to the variability of the DNA polymerase and gB gene regions. Comparison of the sequences of all 46 isolates with that of Ad169 revealed nt and aa sequence homologies of 87.9 and 87.2%, respectively, within the MIE gene compared to 92.8 and 100% homologies, respectively, within the DNA polymerase gene and 93 and 95.2% homologies, respectively, within the gB gene. Within the MIE gene, compared to the Ad169 nt sequence the homology at the nt level among isolates obtained from children attending day-care centers was high (96.4%), while it was lower (90%) among isolates obtained from the other three patient populations. Preliminary results of a nested PCR with oligonucleotide primers selected from the DNA polymerase gene region with a low level of nt sequence variation indicates that primers selected from this region might be more powerful for use in PCR than primers selected from the MIE gene region.

scholarly journals Insights into the diet of beaked whales from the atypical mass stranding in the Canary Islands in September 2002

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.B. Santos ◽  
V. Martin ◽  
M. Arbelo ◽  
A. Fernández ◽  
G.J. Pierce
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Beaked Whale ◽  
Cephalopod Species ◽  
Beaked Whales ◽  
Ziphius Cavirostris ◽  
Prey Remains ◽  
Mass Stranding

Stomach contents were analysed from three species of beaked whales which mass-stranded shortly after a naval exercise conducted in the Canary Islands in September 2002. Animals from such mass strandings often contain freshly ingested food in their stomachs and can provide a more reliable guide to feeding habits than other strandings. Food remains recovered from seven Cuvier's beaked whales (Ziphius cavirostris) consisted mainly of oceanic cephalopods, the most numerous being Taonius pavo, Histioteuthis sp., Mastigoteuthis schmidti and Octopoteuthis sicula. Many of the cephalopod species found in the diet appear to undertake daily vertical migrations, being found in shallower waters during the night and moving to deeper waters during the day. Single specimens of Blainville's beaked whale (Mesoplodon densirostris) and Gervais' beaked whale (Mesoplodon europaeus) had eaten both fish and cephalopod prey. The most numerous prey remains belonged to gadid fish and viperfish (Chauliodus sp.) respectively. These results are consistent with the limited published data on diet in these species, with Mesoplodon species having a relatively higher proportion of fish in the diet whereas Ziphius specialises on cephalopods.

Adult male Cuvier's beaked whales ( Ziphius cavirostris ) engage in prolonged bouts of synchronous diving

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Cioffi ◽  
Nicola J. Quick ◽  
Heather J. Foley ◽  
Danielle M. Waples ◽  
Zachary T. Swaim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Beaked Whales ◽  
Ziphius Cavirostris

scholarly journals Genetic evidence for two protein domains and a potential new activity in bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase.

Genetics ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
L J Reha-Krantz
Keyword(s):  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Bacteriophage T4 ◽  
Rnase H ◽  
Ribonuclease H ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Polymerase Gene ◽  
Dna Polymerase I ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intragenic Complementation ◽  
Polymerase I

Abstract Intragenic complementation was detected within the bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase gene. Complementation was observed between specific amino (N)-terminal, temperature-sensitive (ts) mutator mutants and more carboxy (C)-terminal mutants lacking DNA polymerase polymerizing functions. Protein sequences surrounding N-terminal mutation sites are similar to sequences found in Escherichia coli ribonuclease H (RNase H) and in the 5'----3' exonuclease domain of E. coli DNA polymerase I. These observations suggest that T4 DNA polymerase, like E. coli DNA polymerase I, contains a discrete N-terminal domain.

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