propuesta de nivel cero en la didáctica de los Estudios Franceses desde las TIC

La vertiginosa facilidad de acceso actual a cualquier contenido web, así como su ingente cantidad, dificultan la realización de un filtrado de calidad informativa a nivel cero. Entendemos necesario este cribado TIC, a la hora de ser utilizado por el alumnado universitario para sus propios trabajos de investigación en Estudios Franceses. El objetivo primordial de este estudio sería conseguir que los/las estudiantes dispongan de las herramientas TIC guía que puedan ayudarles a desarrollar u acrecentar un espíritu crítico y selectivo. Éste les permitiría tomar las decisiones adecuadas en el momento de seleccionar y usar las TIC de manera responsable, segura, colaborativa y cooperativa. Para llegar a estos objetivos partiremos de un sondeo previo entre los/las estudiantes, con objeto de recopilar su posible conocimiento de estas “herramientas guía” (ejemplo: web de la Agencia Española de Protección de Datos y su “Lista Robinson”). Se procederá en lo sucesivo a un análisis sistemático de cada contenido TIC utilizado que aporte esta capacidad selectiva al alumnado. The tearing easiness of access to any web content, as well as its huge quantity, make difficult the application of a cero level quality informative filter. We consider this ICT screening should be done whenever students are going to use it for their own researching tasks in French Studies. This study’s essential target would be the students to get guide ICT tools which could help them to develop or increase a critical and selective thinking. This would allow them for take suitable decisions when making a choice and using ICT in a responsible, sure, collaborative, cooperative way. In order to attain these goals, we would start from a previous survey among students with the aim to compile their possible knowledge concerning these “guide tools” (example: Agencia Española de Protección de Datos’ web and its “Lista Robinson”). La vertigineuse facilité d’accès à n’importe quel contenu web, ainsi que son imposante quantité, entravent la réalisation d’un tri de qualité informative au niveau zéro. On estime impératif ce filtrage TICE, au moment d’être utilisé par les étudiants pour leurs propres travails de recherche en Études Françaises. L’objectif fondamental de cette étude serait de réussir à ce que les étudiants disposent des outils TICE guide qui puissent les aider à développer ou fomenter un esprit critique et sélectif. Celui-ci leur permettrait de prendre des décisions adéquates au moment de sélectionner et utiliser les TICE de manière responsable, sure, collaborative et coopérative. Pour atteindre ces objectifs on partira d’un sondage préalable entre les étudiants, à l’objet de compiler leur possible connaissance de ces“outils guide” (exemple: web de la Agencia Española de Protección de Datos y su “Lista Robinson”). Dorénavant, on agira à une analyse systématique de chaque contenu TICE utilisé qui puisse fournir cette capacité sélective aux étudiants.

Disease intensity of moler and yield losses of Shallot cv. Bima caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae in Brebes Central Java

Brebes Central Java is one of the central production of shallot in Indonesia. In the latest years, shallot farmers in Brebes face a new problem in their production, that is the increasing attack of Fusarium oxyspsorum f.sp. cepae (FOCe) which causes Moler disease (MD). Based on a previous survey of respondents, the most common variety planted by the farmer in Brebes was cv Bima that had disease intensity up to 60% with yield losses over 40%. The field data related to disease intensity and yield losses caused by the pathogen are still very limited. This paper reports the occurrence of disease intensity of MD and its correlation to yield losses based on the primary data that was collected through a direct assessment on the field of shallot plantings in Brebes. The results show that the disease intensity of MD varies from 0 to 75% which significantly affects yield losses. Yield losses of same shallot plantings are over 50%.

Désignation et représentation des éléments topographiques dans les dialectes de France : synthèse générale (relief, cours d’eau, cavernes)

As the second part of a general study about semantic determinism, this article continues to analyze the topographic lexicon of Gallo-Romance dialects. The new concepts (‘river’, ‘brook’, ‘valley’, ‘cave’) that I examine in this paper complete my previous survey about the designations of hills and mountains. Most of all, the new set of data allows me to go beyond isolated concepts and to present for the first time the motivational synthesis of a whole theme. The result is that, whatever the concept, words referring to topography are generally created according to four matrices of designation: such words originally allude to (1) level; (2) concavity/convexity; (3) physical composition; or stem from a (4) conceptual confusion due to adjacency. The method that reduces hundreds of lexical forms to a handful of creative patterns leads to a direct perception of how the lexicon is structured and has a strong heuristic potential.

Nation-wide survey of the treatment trend of microscopic polyangiitis and granulomatosis with polyangiitis in Japan using the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Database

ABSTRACT Objectives In Japan, clinical records of patients with intractable diseases, including microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), are compiled into a database. This study aimed to understand the current treatment status and changes in treatment regimens from our previous survey. Methods Using data from 2012 and 2013, patients with new-onset MPA and GPA were extracted and analysed. Results We analysed 1278 MPA and 215 GPA patients. The average age was 71.7 and 62.7 years, respectively. Methylprednisolone pulse therapy was used in 51.2% of MPA patients and 40.5% of GPA patients; the initial prednisolone-equivalent glucocorticoid dose was 39.5 mg/day in MPA and 46.6 mg/day in GPA. Concomitant intravenous or oral cyclophosphamide (CY) was administered to 22.6% of MPA and 56.3% of GPA. Young age, bloody sputum, low serum creatinine, and high C-reactive protein levels were independently associated with CY use in MPA. Compliance with treatment protocol for Japanese patients with myeloperoxidase (MPO)-anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis study criteria or the 2011 clinical practice guidelines for rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis was 42.7% and 49.7%, respectively. Conclusions MPA was more prevalent than GPA in the registry. Compared to patients with GPA, MPA patients were older and used CY less frequently. No apparent changes in treatment trends were observed from the previous survey.

Palliative Psychiatry for Patients with Severe and Persistent Mental Illness: A Survey on the Attitudes of Psychiatrists in India compared to Psychiatrists in Switzerland

Background Palliative psychiatry is a new approach for the care of patients with severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI). To assess the attitudes of psychiatrists in India towards palliative psychiatry for patients with SPMI and to compare these to the attitudes of psychiatrists in Switzerland. Methods In an online survey, data from 206 psychiatrists in India were collected and compared with data from a previous survey among 457 psychiatrists in Switzerland. Results Psychiatrists in India generally considered it very important to prevent suicide in SPMI patients (97.6%). At the same time, they considered it very important to reduce suffering (98.1%) and to ensure functionality in everyday life (95.6%). They agreed that palliative psychiatry is important for providing optimal care to SPMI patients without life-limiting illness (79.6%) and considered palliative psychiatry as indicated for patients with SPMI (78.2%). By contrast, curing the illness was considered very important by only 39.8 % of respondents. Relative to psychiatrists in Switzerland, psychiatrists in India were significantly more concerned about preventing suicide and less willing to accept a reduction in life expectancy, even at the expense of quality of life in patients with severe and persistent schizophrenia and recurrent major depressive disorder. At the same time, they were significantly more likely to advocate palliative psychiatry. Conclusion Most of the participating psychiatrists in India agreed that palliative psychiatry can be indicated for patients with SPMI. The comparison with psychiatrists in Switzerland highlights the need to take account of cultural differences in future studies of this kind.

Perception of the Home Environment. The 2019 Study

RIVM conducted a questionnaire study into residents' perception of the living environment. This includes monitoring data on residents perception of sounds, vibrations, odours, and safety risks in the neighbourhood. In 2019, 2259 residents of the Netherlands aged 16 years and older participated in this survey. The 2019 data show that the degree of satisfaction with the home environment was fairly high and the same as it was during the previous survey in 2016. Road traffic is an important source of severe annoyance (10.4%) and severe sleep disturbance (5,9%). Mopeds and motorbikes in particular cause severe noise annoyance (10.6%). Compared to 2016, more people experience severe annoyance from the sound of vans. Road traffic also causes nuisance due to the vibrations that it causes (3.9%). Neighbours are a source of noise annoyance (9.0%) and the most important source of severe odour annoyance. The latter primarily involves odours from fireplaces (5.3%), fire pits, and barbecues (5.0%). Activities by neighbours also cause severe annoyance due to vibrations. It also turns out that people living in the vicinity of a 'higher-risk activity', such as heavy industry, are more frequently (severely) concerned about their own safety. Results of the 2020 Study will presented as well.

ESTIMATES OF SOCIAL MINIMUM BASKETS FOR THE FIRST QUARTER OF 2021

The article presents values of social minimum baskets for the first quarter of 2021. The presented estimates take into account the needs as foreseen in the model under normal conditions of social life – the new circumstances of COVID-19 are not taken into account. There is lack of research data on changes in household consumption in 2020. If there will be a need to change assumptions in the model, the values of social minimum can be recalculated in the future. The first quarter of 2021 has brought quite marked increases in basket values. Compared to the previous survey from Q4 2020, the social minimum increased by 2.4% in the household of a single person and by 2.1% in a 4-person household with two children. Inflation rose by a similar amount (2.1%) over the period. Among the groups of needs with the highest share in the social minimum, the value of food items increased from 2.6% to 2.7%, with the price index in this group at a similar level (2.5%). Expenditure on housing maintenance and energy carriers increased significantly: from 2.3% in 5-person households to 2.7% in 1-person households. The dynamics of these expenditures in the social minimum was lower than the value of the CPI index (3.6%) in this group.

Tracking the psychological and socio-economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK: a methodological report from Wave 5 of the Covid-19 Psychological Research Consortium (C19PRC) Study

Objectives: This paper describes fieldwork procedures for the fifth wave of the COVID-19 Psychological Research Consortium (C19PRC) Study, conducted during March-April 2021. The C19PRC Study was established in March 2020 to monitor the psychological and socio-economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK and other countries. Methods: The survey wave assessed: COVID-19 related experiences; the occurrence of common mental health disorders; psychological factors; and social and political attitudes – to facilitate statistical analyses to determine how these constructs on influenced the public’s response to the pandemic. Adults who participated in any previous survey wave (N=4949) were re-contacted and invited to participate. Weights were calculated using a survey raking algorithm to ensure that the longitudinal panel was nationally representative in terms of gender, age, and household income, amongst other factors. Results: Overall, 2520 adults participated in this wave. A total of 2377 adults who participated in the previous survey wave (i.e., Wave 4 of the C19PRC Study, conducted November-December 2020) were successfully recontacted and provided full interviews at Wave 5 (61.5% retention rate). Attrition between these two waves was predicted by factors such as younger age, lower household income, having children living in the household, and current or past experiences of treatment for mental health difficulties. Of the adults recruited into the C19PRC study at baseline, 57.4% (N=1162) participated in the fifth wave. The raking procedure successfully re-balanced the longitudinal panel to within 1.5% of population estimates for selected socio-demographic characteristics. Conclusion: This paper outlines the growing strength of the publicly available C19PRC Study data to facilitate and stimulate interdisciplinary research aimed at addressing important public health questions relating to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Fusarium species associated with root rot of lentil (Lens culinaris L.) in North Dakota

Root rot of lentils is caused by a pathogen complex which includes several Fusarium species as well as Aphanomyces euteiches, Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium species. Surveys of lentil fields were conducted in 2016 and 2018 in North Dakota to identify Fusarium species associated with root rot. Isolations were performed from lentil roots exhibiting disease and isolates were identified via morphology and sequencing. In total, 114 fields were surveyed and 391 Fusarium isolates were collected. A diversity of Fusarium species was recovered as ten species were represented; however, F. oxysporum was the most frequently isolated species, present in 71% of fields where Fusarium root rot was detected. Based on correlation with disease severity data, it is likely that some of these isolates are pathogenic. F. avenaceum was relatively uncommon, unlike previous survey efforts on field pea in North Dakota. Further research is needed to determine how the Fusarium population responsible for root rot of lentil may be affected by cropping practices or seasonal climatic variation. Assessment of the virulence and host range of Fusarium species associated with root rot of lentil will further enhance our understanding of the root rot complex in lentil and the development and integration of effective management practices.

Contribution to Herpesvirus Surveillance in Beaked Whales Stranded in the Canary Islands

Herpesviruses (HVs) (Alpha- and Gammaherpesvirinae subfamilies) have been detected in several species of cetaceans with different pathological implications. However, available information on their presence in beaked whales (BWs) is still scarce. In this study, a total of 55 BWs (35 Ziphius cavirostris and 20 animals belonging to the Mesoplodon genus) were analyzed. Samples (n = 294) were obtained from BWs stranded along the coasts of the Canary Islands (1990–2017). Molecular detection of HV was performed by means of a conventional nested PCR based on the DNA polymerase gene. Herpesvirus was detected in 14.45% (8/55) of the analyzed BWs, including 2 positive animals from a previous survey. A percentage positivity of 8.57% was found within the Cuvier’s BW group, while the percentage of positivity rose to 25% within the Mesoplodon genus group (three M. densirostris, one M. europaeus, and one M. bidens). All the obtained sequences from this study belonged to the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily, from which three are considered novel sequences, all of them within the Mesoplodon genus group. In addition, to our knowledge, this is the first description of HV infection in Gervais’ and Sowerby’s BWs. Three out of eight HV-positive BWs displayed histopathological lesions indicative of active viral replication.