scholarly journals Acute Kidney Injury is Associated with Lowered Plasma-Free Thiol Levels

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1135
Author(s):  
Lisanne Boekhoud ◽  
Jacqueline Koeze ◽  
Elisabeth C. van der Slikke ◽  
Arno R. Bourgonje ◽  
Jill Moser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Free Thiol ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase ◽  
Antioxidant Machinery

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with the abrupt loss of kidney function. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of AKI. Free thiols (R-SH) are crucial components of the extracellular antioxidant machinery and reliably reflect systemic oxidative stress. Lower levels of thiols represent higher levels of oxidative stress. In this preliminary study, we hypothesized that plasma-free thiols are associated with AKI upon admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). In this study, 301 critically ill patients were included. Plasma samples were taken upon admission, and albumin-adjusted plasma-free thiols were determined. Albumin-adjusted plasma-free thiols were lower in patients with AKI (n = 43, median (interquartile range) 7.28 µmol/g (3.52, 8.95)) compared to patients without AKI (8.50 μmol/g (5.82, 11.28); p < 0.05) upon admission to the ICU. Higher age (B = −0.72), higher levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (B = −0.002), creatinine (B = −0.01) and lower serum albumin (B = 0.47) were associated with lower free thiol levels. Further, albumin-adjusted free thiol levels were significantly reduced in patients with sepsis (8.30 (5.52–10.64) µmol/g) compared to patients without sepsis (6.95 (3.72–8.92) µmol/g; p < 0.05). Together, albumin-adjusted plasma-free thiols were significantly reduced in patients with AKI and patients with sepsis compared with patients without AKI and sepsis.

scholarly journals Plasma thiol redox status as indicator of acute kidney injury

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisanne Boekhoud ◽  
Jacqueline Koeze ◽  
Elisabeth C. van der Slikke ◽  
Arno R. Bourgonje ◽  
Jill Moser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Free Thiol ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Thiol Redox ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase

Abstract Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with the abrupt loss of kidney function resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of AKI. Free thiols (R-SH, sulfhydryl groups) are crucial components of the extracellular antioxidant machinery and reliably reflect systemic oxidative stress. Lower levels of thiols represent higher levels of oxidative stress. In this study, we hypothesized that plasma free thiols are associated with AKI upon admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: In this study, 301 critically ill patients were included for analysis. Plasma samples were taken upon admission. Plasma levels of albumin-adjusted plasma free thiols were determined and correlated with AKI stage upon ICU admission. Results: Albumin-adjusted plasma free thiols were significantly lower in patients with AKI (n=43, median [interquartile range] 7.28 µmol/g [3.52,8.95]) compared to patients without AKI (8.50 µmol/g [5.82, 11.28]; p < 0.05) upon admission to the ICU. Higher age (B = -0.72, p < 0.001), higher levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (B = -0.002, p < 0.05), creatinine (B = -0.01, p < 0.05) and lower serum albumin (B = 0.47, p < 0.001) were associated with lower free thiol levels. Further, albumin-adjusted free thiol levels were significantly reduced in patients with sepsis (8.30 [5.52-10.64] µmol/g) compared to patients without sepsis (6.95 [3.72-8.92] µmol/g; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Albumin-adjusted plasma free thiols were significantly reduced in patients with AKI and patients with sepsis compared with patients without AKI and sepsis. Together, these data suggest that free thiol levels are mainly reduced in sepsis-associated AKI.

Immunomodulatory response and serum level of neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a marker of acute kidney injury in wistar rats exposed to pyrethroids

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Adedeji David Atere ◽  
Olumide Faith Ajani ◽  
Akinpelu Moronkeji ◽  
Victory Oluwaseun Ajibade ◽  
Humphrey Benedo Osadolor
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase

BACKGROUND: Insecticide usage has increased in the tropics and subtropics due to the high prevalence of vector-borne infections, even though insecticide use effectively reduces insect-borne diseases. Insecticide exposure can cause oxidative stress and have severe consequences for human health. The study was then designed to evaluate oxidative stress and its effects on immunomodulatory and renal integrity among Wistar rats exposed to pyrethroids. METHODS: Eighty-four Wistar rats were randomly selected and divided into two groups. Fifty-one rats were exposed to 1.2 %w/v pyrethroids, while the remaining thirty-three rats were grouped as non-exposed. The groups were divided into three different groups, each with 7, 21, and 41 days. After days of exposure, the animals in each group were anesthetized, and blood samples were collected from the inferior vena cava. Using standard spectrophotometric techniques, the levels of total antioxidant status (TAS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), urea, creatinine and uric acid were determined. Blood activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT) were determined. ELISA was used to determine levels of IgG, IgA, IgE, TNF-α, and NGAL. Data obtained were statistically compared. RESULTS: The serum mean levels of SOD, GPx, CAT, GSH, and TAS were significantly reduced (p <  0.05) while mean levels of MDA, H2O2, IgG, IgE, IgA, TNFα, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), urea, uric acid, and creatinine were significantly elevated (p <  0.05) from 7 to 41 days exposure in exposed groups. NGAL had a higher area under the ROC curve than urea and creatinine. CONCLUSIONS: This study observed that pyrethroids can cause oxidative stress, deplete antioxidant levels, nephrotoxicity, and may modulate both humoral and cellular immune functions. It also established NGAL as a sensitive diagnostic tool and early biomarker for acute kidney injury (AKI).

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