scholarly journals Molecular Initiating Events Associated with Drug-Induced Liver Malignant Tumors: An Integrated Study of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System and Toxicity Predictions

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 944
Author(s):  
Kota Kurosaki ◽  
Yoshihiro Uesawa
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Event ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting ◽  
Drug Event ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Event Reporting ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Drug Classes

Liver malignant tumors (LMTs) represent a serious adverse drug event associated with drug-induced liver injury. Increases in endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have attracted attention in recent years, due to their liver function-inhibiting abilities. Exposure to EDCs can induce nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which are major etiologies of LMTs, through interaction with nuclear receptors (NR) and stress response pathways (SRs). Therefore, exposure to potential EDC drugs could be associated with drug-induced LMTs. However, the drug classes associated with LMTs and the molecular initiating events (MIEs) that are specific to these drugs are not well understood. In this study, using the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System, we detected LMT-inducing drug signals based on adjusted odds ratios. Furthermore, based on the hypothesis that drug-induced LMTs are triggered by NR and SR modulation of potential EDCs, we used the quantitative structure–activity relationship platform for toxicity prediction to identify potential MIEs that are specific to LMT-inducing drug classes. Events related to cell proliferation and apoptosis, DNA damage, and lipid accumulation were identified as potential MIEs, and their relevance to LMTs was supported by the literature. The findings of this study may contribute to drug development and research, as well as regulatory decision making.

scholarly journals 1977. Comparing Acute Kidney Injury Risk among Antibiotic Classes: A Study of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S662-S662
Author(s):  
Taylor M Patek ◽  
Chengwen Teng ◽  
Kaitlin E Kennedy ◽  
Christopher R Frei
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Adverse Event ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting System ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting ◽  
Drug Event ◽  
Event Reporting ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background A recent article published in 2018 studied the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) and listed the most common medications associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) based on number of AKI reports. In regards to antibiotics, the study only ranked vancomycin, fluoroquinolones, penicillin combinations, and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole as having a significant association with AKI. The objective of this study was to evaluate those and additional antibiotic classes using FAERS, and to compare their risk associated with this adverse drug event. Methods FAERS reports from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017 were included in the study. The Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) was used to identify AKI cases. Reporting Odds Ratios (RORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association between antibiotics and AKI were calculated. An association was considered statistically significant when the lower limit of the 95% CI was greater than 1.0. Results A total of 2,042,801 reports (including 20,138 acute kidney injury reports) were considered, after inclusion criteria were applied. Colistin had the greatest proportion of AKI reports, representing 25% of all colistin reports. Acute kidney injury RORs (95% CI) for antibiotics were (in descending order): colistin 33.10 (21.24–51.56), aminoglycosides 17.41 (14.49–20.90), vancomycin 15.28 (13.82–16.90), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 13.72 (11.94–15.76), penicillin combinations 7.95 (7.09–8.91), clindamycin 6.46 (5.18–8.04), cephalosporins 6.07 (5.23–7.05), daptomycin 6.07 (4.61–7.99), macrolides 3.60 (3.04–4.26), linezolid 3.48 (2.54–4.77), carbapenems 3.31 (2.58–4.25), metronidazole 2.55 (1.94–3.36), tetracyclines 1.73 (1.26–2.36), and fluoroquinolones 1.71 (1.49–1.97). Conclusion This study found 17 classes of antibiotics and combinations that were significantly associated with AKI compared with four antibiotics that were mentioned in a recently published article looking at drug-associated AKI. While this study confirmed previous literature of certain antibiotics associated with increased risk of AKI, it also compared antibiotics within classes and provided additional insight regarding which antibiotics had the highest associated risk of an AKI. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals PUK3 DRUG-INDUCED ACUTE RENAL FAILURE USING THE FDA ADVERSE EVENT REPORTING SYSTEM DATABASE

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. A74
Author(s):  
A.M. Alhammad ◽  
M.A. Al Hawaj ◽  
A.J. Alsalman ◽  
Y.N. Alhashem ◽  
S.E. Harpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Adverse Event ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Event Reporting ◽  
System Database

scholarly journals Drug-Induced Liver Injury Associated with Lopinavir- Ritonavir in Patients with COVID-19: A Disproportionality Analysis of U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huilin Tang ◽  
Liyuan Zhou ◽  
Xiaotong Li ◽  
Alan C Kinlaw ◽  
Jeff Y Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Event ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting ◽  
Disproportionality Analysis ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Event Reporting ◽  
Drug Induced Liver Injury

Abstract Background Liver injury has been documented independently in novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and patients treated with lopinavir-ritonavir. Objective to investigate the drug-induced liver injury associated with lopinavir-ritonavir among the patients with COVID-19. Methods We conducted a disproportionality analysis of US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) between 2020Q1 and 2020Q3 to evaluate the association between lopinavir-ritonavir and risk of drug-induced liver injury (or severe drug-induced liver injury) and calculated their reporting odds ratios (RORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results A total of 1,754 reports of drug-induced liver injury in patients with COVID-19. The ROR for drug-induced liver injury was 1.4 (95% CI, 1.1–1.7), 3.6 (95% CI, 2.7–4.7), and 0.8 (95% CI, 0.7-1.0) when comparing lopinavir-ritonavir with all other drugs, hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine only, and remdesivir, respectively. For severe drug-induced liver injury, RORs for lopinavir-ritonavir provided evidence of an association compared with all other drugs (ROR, 4.9; 95% CI, 3.7–6.5), compared with hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine only (ROR, 4.3; 95% CI, 3.0-6.2), and compared with remdesivir (ROR, 10.4; 95% CI, 7.2–15.0). Conclusions In the FAERS, we observed a disproportional signal for severe drug-induced liver injury associated with lopinavir-ritonavir in patients with COVID-19.

Adverse Drug Events in the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19: A Data Mining Study on FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Guo ◽  
Shaojun Duan ◽  
Yaxi Liu ◽  
Yinxia Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Adverse Event ◽  
Adverse Drug Events ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Proportional Reporting Ratio ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting ◽  
Drug Event ◽  
Event Reporting ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

BACKGROUND In the emergency situation of COVID-19, off-label therapies and newly developed vaccines may bring the patients adverse drug event (ADE) risks. Data mining based on spontaneous reporting systems (SRSs) is a promising and efficient way to detect potential ADEs so as to help health professionals and patients get rid of these risks. OBJECTIVE This pharmacovigilance study aimed to investigate the ADEs of “Hot Drugs” in COVID-19 prevention and treatment based on the data of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) adverse event reporting system (FAERS). METHODS FAERS ADE reports associated with COVID-19 from the 2nd quarter of 2020 to the 2nd quarter of 2021 were retrieved with “Hot Drugs” and frequent ADEs recognized. A combination of support, proportional reporting ratio (PRR) and Chi-square (2) test was applied to detect significant “Hot Drug” & ADE signals by Python programming language on Jupyter notebook. RESULTS 13,178 COVID-19 cases were retrieved with 18 “Hot Drugs” and 312 frequent ADEs on “Preferred Term” (PT) level. 18  312 = 5,616 “Drug & ADE” candidates were formed for further data mining. The algorithm finally produced 219 significant ADE signals associated with 17 “Hot Drugs”and 124 ADEs.Some unexpected ADE signals were observed for chloroquine, ritonavir, tocilizumab, Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-19 Vaccine and Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine. CONCLUSIONS Data mining is a promising and efficient way to assist pharmacovigilance work and the result of this paper could help timely recognize ADEs in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.

Profiling Cumulative Proportional Reporting Ratios of Drug-Induced Liver Injury in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) Database

Drug Safety ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 1169-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen D. Brinker ◽  
Jenna Lyndly ◽  
Joseph Tonning ◽  
David Moeny ◽  
Jonathan G. Levine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Event ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Event Reporting ◽  
Drug Induced Liver Injury

Bradycardia Due to Donepezil in Adults: Systematic Analysis of FDA Adverse Event Reporting System

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Robert Morris ◽  
Hunter Luboff ◽  
Rahul P. Jose ◽  
Kyle Eckhoff ◽  
Kun Bu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Event ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Event Reporting ◽  
Drug Classes ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide

Background: Bradycardia is a physiological condition characterized by a decrease in heart rate and is a side effect of many drug classes. Bradycardia has been reported as an adverse event for patients receiving donepezil for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) treatment. Objective: The purpose of the paper is to systematically investigate the association between the occurrence of bradycardia in adults and the usage of donepezil using clinical data derived from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. Methods: The risk of bradycardia in patients who only took donepezil was compared with those of patients who only took over-the-counter medications, multiple arrhythmia drugs, or other medications for AD treatment. In addition, this study sought to determine if this heightened bradycardia risk was influenced by sex, age, and dosage. Results: The results indicated that there was a significant greater likelihood of reporting bradycardia in patients administered donepezil than most of the drugs investigated. There was no significant association between age or the dosage of donepezil and the likelihood of reporting bradycardia. However, males were found to be more likely than females to report bradycardia as an adverse event. Tumor necrosis factor inhibition and stimulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase were proposed to be the primary mechanism of actions which confer elevated bradycardia risk when using donepezil. Conclusion: These findings identified strong association between the usage of donepezil and bradycardia in adults as well as provide insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms that induce bradycardia by donepezil.

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