scholarly journals An Overview of Selected Rare B-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorders: Imaging, Histopathologic, and Clinical Features

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5853
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ebada Salem ◽  
Yehia H. Zaki ◽  
Gamal El-Hussieny ◽  
Khaled I. ElNoueam ◽  
Akram M. Shaaban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Who Classification ◽  
Rare Variants ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Lymphoid Neoplasms ◽  
T Cell Lines ◽  
Reactive Processes

Lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD) are conditions characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of B or T-cell lines. They encompass a wide spectrum of abnormalities, which may be broadly classified as reactive processes or malignant diseases, such as lymphoma, based on their cellular clonality and clinical behavior. While some of these disorders are rare, they may be encountered sporadically in clinical practice, causing diagnostic dilemmas owing to overlap in their clinical and imaging features with more common disorders. The updated 4th edition WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms was released in 2016 to incorporate the rapid clinical, pathological, molecular biology and cytogenetic advances of some of these disorders. Despite these updates, very little information is presented in the literature from the radiology perspective. The aim of this article is to familiarize radiologists and other physicians with certain rare variants of B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders with a focus on imaging features of these disorders, as well as to provide an overview of some important updates contained within the new WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms.

scholarly journals Uncommon Variants of Mature T-Cell Lymphomas (MTCLs): Imaging and Histopathologic and Clinical Features with Updates from the Fourth Edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5217
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ebada Salem ◽  
Yehia H. Zaki ◽  
Gamal El-Hussieny ◽  
Khaled I. ElNoueam ◽  
Akram M. Shaaban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Who Classification ◽  
Rare Variants ◽  
World Health ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
T Cell Lymphomas

Understanding the pathogenesis and molecular biology of malignant lymphomas is challenging, given the complex nature and incongruity of these disorders. The classification of lymphoma is continually evolving to account for advances in clinical, pathological, molecular biology and cytogenetic aspects, which impact our understanding of these disorders. The latest fourth edition of the WHO classification of lymphoid malignancies was released in 2016 to account for these changes. Additionally, unlike B-cell lymphomas (BCL), T-cell lymphomas (TCL) are uncommon, and may be sporadically experienced in clinical practice. These disorders are rare, thus early diagnosis is challenging for both physicians and radiologists, owing to the overlap in clinical and imaging features with other, more common disorders. We aim to discuss some rare variants of T-cell lymphomas, including clinicopathologic and imaging features, as well as to give a glimpse of the updates contained within the new 2016 WHO classification.

The Relevance of VDJ PCR Protocols in Detecting B-Cell Clonal Expansion in Lymphomas and Other Lymphoproliferative Disorders

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 405-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valli De Re ◽  
Salvatore De Vita ◽  
Antonino Carbone ◽  
Gianfranco Ferraccioli ◽  
Annunziata Gloghini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Clonal Expansion ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ◽  
Region Gene ◽  
B Cell Malignancy ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas ◽  
Cell Clonality ◽  
Cell Clonal Expansion

Aims and background The detection of immunoglobulin heavy chain variable (VH)-diversity (DH)-joining (JH) region gene rearrangement by polymerase chain reaction (VDJ PCR) has been recently proposed as a rapid approach to assess B-cell clonality in lymphoproliferative disorders. The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy of VDJ PCR in a wide spectrum of lymphoproliferative disorders previously characterized by immunohistochemistry and Southern blot (SB). Methods 83 SB-rearranged B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) of different histotype, 22 cases of SB-unrearranged classical Hodgkin's disease (HD), 18 cases of HIV-related reactive lymphadenopathy, and 4 frankly pre-lymphomatous lesions (MESA) in the course of Sjögren's syndrome were investigated by 2 different VDJ PCR protocols (FR3, FR2). Results The detection rate in NHL was 64% and 71% using the protocols FR3 and FR2, respectively. However, the overall VDJ PCR efficacy increased to 81% by combining the results of both protocols. In addition, differences in the combined, as well as in the single FR3 or FR2 protocol efficacy, were noted in the different NHL subgroups. B-cell clonality was also detected in 4/22 (18%) SB-unrearranged classical HD cases and in 2/18 (11%) reactive lymphadenopathy cases, whereas it was demonstrated in all the MESA lesions, 2 of them being SB-negative. Conclusions VDJ PCR represents a useful and rapid technique to detect B-cell clonality in NHL, although with some differences depending on the NHL histotype and the panel of primers employed. The technique may also be of value to investigate the possible progression of early B-cell clonal expansion into frankly B-cell malignancy and to contribute to the controversy about the clonal lineage origin of the putative HD malignant cells.

scholarly journals Grey Zone Lymphomas: Lymphomas with Intermediate Features

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Hoeller ◽  
Christiane Copie-Bergman
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Who Classification ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
World Health ◽  
Grey Zone ◽  
B Cell Lymphomas ◽  
Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Large B Cell

The current classification of lymphoid neoplasms is based on clinical information, morphology, immunophenotype, and molecular genetic characteristics. Despite technical and scientific progress, some aggressive B-cell lymphomas with features overlapping between two different types of lymphomas remain difficult to classify. The updated 2008 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of Tumours of the Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues has addressed this problem by creation of two new provisional categories of B-cell lymphomas, unclassifiable; one with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma and the second with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma. We review here the diagnostic criteria of these two provisional entities and discuss new scientific findings in light of the 2008 WHO classification.

scholarly journals Improved classification of leukemic B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders using a transcriptional and genetic classifier

Haematologica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. e360-e363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Navarro ◽  
Guillem Clot ◽  
Alejandra Martínez-Trillos ◽  
Magda Pinyol ◽  
Pedro Jares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorders

scholarly journals InterLymph hierarchical classification of lymphoid neoplasms for epidemiologic research based on the WHO classification (2008): update and future directions

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (20) ◽  
pp. e90-e98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer J. Turner ◽  
Lindsay M. Morton ◽  
Martha S. Linet ◽  
Christina A. Clarke ◽  
Marshall E. Kadin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Who Classification ◽  
Hierarchical Classification ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Epidemiologic Research ◽  
Lymphoid Neoplasms ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract After publication of the updated World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues in 2008, the Pathology Working Group of the International Lymphoma Epidemiology Consortium (InterLymph) now presents an update of the hierarchical classification of lymphoid neoplasms for epidemiologic research based on the 2001 WHO classification, which we published in 2007. The updated hierarchical classification incorporates all of the major and provisional entities in the 2008 WHO classification, including newly defined entities based on age, site, certain infections, and molecular characteristics, as well as borderline categories, early and “in situ” lesions, disorders with limited capacity for clinical progression, lesions without current International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, 3rd Edition codes, and immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorders. WHO subtypes are defined in hierarchical groupings, with newly defined groups for small B-cell lymphomas with plasmacytic differentiation and for primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. We suggest approaches for applying the hierarchical classification in various epidemiologic settings, including strategies for dealing with multiple coexisting lymphoma subtypes in one patient, and cases with incomplete pathologic information. The pathology materials useful for state-of-the-art epidemiology studies are also discussed. We encourage epidemiologists to adopt the updated InterLymph hierarchical classification, which incorporates the most recent WHO entities while demonstrating their relationship to older classifications.

scholarly journals Commentary on the WHO classification of tumors of lymphoid tissues (2008): aggressive B-cell lymphomas

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Balague Ponz ◽  
German Ott ◽  
Robert P. Hasserjian ◽  
Kojo S. J. Elenitoba-Johnson ◽  
Laurence de Leval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Who Classification ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
B Cell Lymphomas ◽  
Classification Of Tumors

scholarly journals Distinct pattern of lymphoid neoplasms characterizations according to the WHO classification (2016) and prevalence of associated Epstein–Barr virus infection in Nigeria population

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ijeoma C. Uzoma ◽  
Idowu A. Taiwo ◽  
Massimo Granai ◽  
Gioia Di Stefano ◽  
Ester Sorrentino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Who Classification ◽  
World Health ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Lymphoid Neoplasms ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Epstein Barr

Abstract Background The present study aimed to classify lymphoid neoplasms according to the latest World Health Organization (WHO) classification and outlining the distribution in Nigeria of different entities. Additionally, the study describes the prevalence of lymphoid neoplasms associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in the Nigerian population. Methods We collected 152 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues diagnosed as lymphoma from 2008 to 2018, coming from three different institutions located within three geopolitical zone in Nigeria. These institutions included the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Oyo State, the Enugu State University of Science and Technology Teaching Hospital (ESUTH), Enugu, Enugu State, and the Meena Histopathology and Cytology Laboratory (MHCL), Jos, Plateau State. Results From the total 152 cases retrieved, 50 were excluded due to insufficient tissue materials or inconclusive antigen reactivity. We confirmed 66 (64.7%) cases as lymphomas out of the remaining 102 FFPE with a male to female ratio of 2:1 and a mean age of 44.4 years. Ten entities were identified, and of these, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) was the most prevalent category (34.8%). For the diffuse large B-cell lymphomas not otherwise specified (DLBCL, NOS), the germinal centre B–cell type was the most common (71.4%). Ten lymphoma cases (15.2%) were positive for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), most of which were Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). CLL was common in the Hausa ethnic group, HL in the Yoruba ethnic group, while the Igbo ethnic group had an equal distribution of CLL, HL, and DLBCL diagnosis. Conclusion Although the distribution of lymphomas in Nigeria shares some similarities with those of other countries, we described distinct features of some subtypes of lymphomas. Also, the study underscores the need for a more precise diagnosis and classification of lymphoid neoplasms in Nigeria using the latest WHO classification.

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