scholarly journals Recent Advances in Non-Precious Transition Metal/Nitrogen-doped Carbon for Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts in PEMFCs

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meixiu Song ◽  
Yanhui Song ◽  
Wenbo Sha ◽  
Bingshe Xu ◽  
Junjie Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Nitrogen Doped Carbon

The proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have been considered as promising future energy conversion devices, and have attracted immense scientific attention due to their high efficiency and environmental friendliness. Nevertheless, the practical application of PEMFCs has been seriously restricted by high cost, low earth abundance and the poor poisoning tolerance of the precious Pt-based oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts. Noble-metal-free transition metal/nitrogen-doped carbon (M–NxC) catalysts have been proven as one of the most promising substitutes for precious metal catalysts, due to their low costs and high catalytic performance. In this review, we summarize the development of M–NxC catalysts, including the previous non-pyrolyzed and pyrolyzed transition metal macrocyclic compounds, and recent developed M–NxC catalysts, among which the Fe–NxC and Co–NxC catalysts have gained our special attention. The possible catalytic active sites of M–NxC catalysts towards the ORR are also analyzed here. This review aims to provide some guidelines towards the design and structural regulation of non-precious M–NxC catalysts via identifying real active sites, and thus, enhancing their ORR electrocatalytic performance.

A nitrogen and fluorine enriched Fe/Fe3C@C oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalyst for anion/proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 2542-2554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohanraju Karuppannan ◽  
Ji Eun Park ◽  
Hyo Eun Bae ◽  
Yong-Hun Cho ◽  
Oh Joong Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Nitrogen Doped Carbon ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Nitrogen-doped carbon-encapsulated non-noble metals are promising electrocatalytic alternatives to Pt for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR).

scholarly journals Degradation and regeneration of Fe-Nx active sites for oxygen reduction reaction: the role of surface oxidation, Fe demetallation and local carbon microporosity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongsheng Xia ◽  
Chenchen Yu ◽  
Yinghao Zhao ◽  
Yinping Wei ◽  
Haiyan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Surface Oxidation ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Exchange Membrane

The severe degradation of Fe-N-C electrocatalysts during long-term oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has become a major obstacle for application in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells. Understanding the degradation mechanism and regeneration...

scholarly journals MOF Derived Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

2018 ◽  
Vol 778 ◽  
pp. 275-282
Author(s):  
Noaman Khan ◽  
Saim Saher ◽  
Xuan Shi ◽  
Muhammad Noman ◽  
Mujahid Wasim Durani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Membrane Electrode Assembly ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Membrane Electrode ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Nitrogen Doped Carbon ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Highly porous ZIF-67 (Zeolitic imidazole framework) has a conductive crystalline metal organic framework (MOF) structure which was served as a precursor and template for the preparation of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (NCNTs) electrocatalysts. As a first step, the chloroplatinic acid, a platinum (Pt) precursor was infiltrated in ZIF-67 with a precise amount to obtain 0.12 mg.cm-2 Pt loading. Later, the infiltrated structure was calcined at 700°C in Ar:H2 (90:10 vol%) gas mixture. Multi-walled nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes were grown on the surface of ZIF-67 crystals following thermal activation at 700°C. The resulting PtCo-NCNTs electrocatalysts were deposited on Nafion-212 solid electrolyte membrane by spray technique to study the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in the presence of H2/O2 gases in a temperature range of 50-70°C. The present study elucidates the performance of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes ORR electrocatalysts derived from ZIF-67 and the effects of membrane electrode assembly (MEA) steaming on the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) employing PtCo-NCNTs as ORR electrocatalysts. We observed that the peak power density at 70°C was 450 mW/cm2 for steamed membrane electrode assembly (MEA) compared to 392 mW/cm2 for an identical MEA without steaming.

Probing the Oxygen Reduction Reaction Active Sites over Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanostructures (CNx) in Acidic Media Using Phosphate Anion

ACS Catalysis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 7249-7259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuldeep Mamtani ◽  
Deeksha Jain ◽  
Dmitry Zemlyanov ◽  
Gokhan Celik ◽  
Jennifer Luthman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Phosphate Anion ◽  
Acidic Media ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Nitrogen Doped Carbon

Preparation of monodisperse ferrous nanoparticles embedded in carbon aerogels via in situ solid phase polymerization for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (28) ◽  
pp. 15318-15324
Author(s):  
Wei Hong ◽  
Xin Feng ◽  
Lianqiao Tan ◽  
Aiming Guo ◽  
Bing Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Carbon Aerogels ◽  
Structured Materials ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Nitrogen Doped Carbon

Core–shell structured materials constructed by using Fe/Fe3C cores and nitrogen doped carbon shells represent a type of promising non-precious oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst due to well-established active sites at the interface positions.

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