scholarly journals Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Final Stage of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 309
Author(s):  
Stefan M. Golaszewski ◽  
Bettina Wutzl ◽  
Axel F. Unterrainer ◽  
Cristina Florea ◽  
Kerstin Schwenker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Vegetative State ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Apallic Syndrome ◽  
Jakob Disease ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) is a rare fatal degenerative disease of the central nervous system. The clinical course is characterized by rapid progression of neurological and neuromuscular symptoms. The late stage with loss of consciousness is not well characterized. We report a 62-year-old male patient with sCJD with the clinical picture of a vegetative state/apallic syndrome, in whom we studied cortical responses using a vibration paradigm. The functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) investigation demonstrated a clear response within the sensorimotor cortex, the cerebellum, the parietal cortex, the insular, and frontal inferior region. The finding of persistent cortical activity on fMRI in a patient with CJD in a state of unconsciousness has implications for the clinical management and for ethical considerations.

scholarly journals Effect of amantadine on vegetative state after traumatic brain injury: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 1015-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Chen ◽  
CheukYing Tang ◽  
Hongwei Zhou ◽  
Zhenlan Li
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Vegetative State ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Objective We assessed the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to observe residual brain function and responsiveness to amantadine in a patient in a vegetative state (VS) following traumatic brain injury. Method We observed cerebral cortex activation in a 52-year-old man in a VS, and in a healthy individual using fMRI during passive listening and motor-imagery tasks. The patient received oral amantadine for 3 months. fMRI was repeated after treatment. Results Activation around the left insular regions occurred during stimulation by a familiar voice, and activity in the left temporal and bi-occipital cortices occurred during stimulation by a familiar/unfamiliar voice. Activity in the bilateral frontal and parietal cortices occurred during the motor-imagination task. Brain cortex activation was reduced in the VS patient compared with the healthy volunteer. However, the patient responded to certain auditory stimuli and motor imagery, suggesting that he retained some intact auditory and motor cortical functions. fMRI scans after 3 months of treatment showed increased activation of brain areas corresponding to task instructions. Conclusion fMRI could be used to observe the effects of amantadine on brain function, and to aid the diagnosis and prognostic prediction in VS patients in terms of recovery and rehabilitation planning.

scholarly journals Combination of diffusion tensor and functional magnetic resonance imaging during recovery from the vegetative state

BMC Neurology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davinia Fernández-Espejo ◽  
Carme Junque ◽  
Damian Cruse ◽  
Montserrat Bernabeu ◽  
Teresa Roig-Rovira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Vegetative State ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging

scholarly journals Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Detect Covert Awareness in the Vegetative State

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian M. Owen ◽  
Martin R. Coleman ◽  
Melanie Boly ◽  
Matthew H. Davis ◽  
Steven Laureys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Vegetative State ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures of Blood Flow Patterns in the Human Auditory Cortex in Response to Sound

1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 538-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean C. Huckins ◽  
Christopher W. Turner ◽  
Karen A. Doherty ◽  
Michael M. Fonte ◽  
Nikolaus M. Szeverenyi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Speech Stimuli ◽  
Complex Stimuli ◽  
Scanning Session ◽  
Auditory Research

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) holds exciting potential as a research and clinical tool for exploring the human auditory system. This noninvasive technique allows the measurement of discrete changes in cerebral cortical blood flow in response to sensory stimuli, allowing determination of precise neuroanatomical locations of the underlying brain parenchymal activity. Application of fMRI in auditory research, however, has been limited. One problem is that fMRI utilizing echo-planar imaging technology (EPI) generates intense noise that could potentially affect the results of auditory experiments. Also, issues relating to the reliability of fMRI for listeners with normal hearing need to be resolved before this technique can be used to study listeners with hearing loss. This preliminary study examines the feasibility of using fMRI in auditory research by performing a simple set of experiments to test the reliability of scanning parameters that use a high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio unlike that presently reported in the literature. We used consonant-vowel (CV) speech stimuli to investigate whether or not we could observe reproducible and consistent changes in cortical blood flow in listeners during a single scanning session, across more than one scanning session, and in more than one listener. In addition, we wanted to determine if there were differences between CV speech and nonspeech complex stimuli across listeners. Our study shows reproducibility within and across listeners for CV speech stimuli. Results were reproducible for CV speech stimuli within fMRI scanning sessions for 5 out of 9 listeners and were reproducible for 6 out of 8 listeners across fMRI scanning sessions. Results of nonspeech complex stimuli across listeners showed activity in 4 out of 9 individuals tested.

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