scholarly journals Selective Surface Electrostimulation of the Denervated Zygomaticus Muscle

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Dirk Arnold ◽  
Jovanna Thielker ◽  
Carsten M. Klingner ◽  
Wiebke Caren Puls ◽  
Wengelawit Misikire ◽  
...  

This article describes a first attempt to generate a standardized and safe selective surface electrostimulation (SES) protocol, including detailed instructions on electrode placement and stimulation parameter choice to obtain a selective stimulation of the denervated zygomaticus muscle (ZYG), without unwanted simultaneous activation of other ipsilateral or contralateral facial muscles. Methods: Single pulse stimulation with biphasic triangular and rectangular waveforms and pulse widths (PW) of 1000, 500, 250, 100, 50, 25, 15, 10, 5, 2, 1 ms, at increasing amplitudes between 0.1 and 20 mA was performed. Stimulations delivered in trains were assessed at a PW of 50 ms only. The stimulation was considered successful exclusively if it drew the ipsilateral corner of the mouth upwards and outwards, without the simultaneous activation of other ipsilateral or contralateral facial muscles. I/t curves, accommodation quotient, rheobase, and chronaxie were regularly assessed over 1-year follow-up. Results: 5 facial paralysis patients were assessed. Selective ZYG response in absence of discomfort and unselective contraction of other facial muscle was reproducibly obtained for all the assessed patients. The most effective results with single pulses were observed with PW ≥ 50 ms. The required amplitude was remarkably lower (≤5 mA vs. up to 15 mA) in freshly diagnosed (≤3 months) than in long-term facial paralysis patients (>5 years). Triangular was more effective than rectangular waveform, mostly because of the lower discomfort threshold of the latter. Delivery of trains of stimulation showed similar results to the single pulse setting, though lower amplitudes were necessary to achieve the selective ZYG response. Initial reinnervation signs could be detected effectively by needle-electromyography (n-EMG). Conclusion: It is possible to define stimulation parameters able to elicit an effective selective stimulation of a specific facial muscle, in our case, of the ZYG, without causing discomfort to the patient and without causing unwanted unspecific reactions of other ipsilateral and/or contralateral facial muscles. We observed that the SES success is strongly conditioned by the correct electrode placement, which ideally should exclusively interest the area of the target muscles and its immediate proximity.

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Mastryukova ◽  
Dirk Arnold ◽  
Daniel Güllmar ◽  
Orlando Guntinas-Lichius ◽  
Gerd Fabian Volk

Could manual segmentation of magnetic resonance images be used to quantify the effects of transcutaneous electrostimulation and reinnervation of denervated facial muscle? Five patients with unilateral facial paralysis were scanned during the study while receiving a daily surface electrostimulation of the paralytic cheek region, but also after reinnervation. Their facial muscles were identified in 3D (coronal, sagittal, and axial) and segmented in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data for in total 28 time points over the 12 months of study. A non-significant trend of increasing muscle volume were detected after reinnervation. MRI is a valuable technique in the facial paralysis research.


Neurosurgery ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 418-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas E. Delgado ◽  
William A. Buchheit ◽  
Henry R. Rosenholtz ◽  
Shavarash Chrissian

abstract Total microsurgical removal of 14 acoustic neuromas greater than 2 cm in diameter was performed through a unilateral suboccipital approach. Precise quantitative intracranial stimulation of the 7th nerve and recording of the evoked responses of the facial muscles were used to improve the identification and facilitate the dissection of the facial nerve. Preoperative evaluations, techniques, and results are discussed.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. e0190936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueliang Bao ◽  
Yuxuan Zhou ◽  
Yunlong Wang ◽  
Jianjun Zhang ◽  
Xiaoying Lü ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. e369-e377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Sahyouni ◽  
Yarah M. Haidar ◽  
Omid Moshtaghi ◽  
Beverly Y. Wang ◽  
Hamid R. Djalilian ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 460-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Sahyouni ◽  
Jay Bhatt ◽  
Hamid R. Djalilian ◽  
William C. Tang ◽  
John C. Middlebrooks ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Shulgach ◽  
Dylan W. Beam ◽  
Ameya C. Nanivadekar ◽  
Derek M. Miller ◽  
Stephanie Fulton ◽  
...  

AbstractDysfunction and diseases of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are a major driver of medical care. The vagus nerve innervates and controls multiple organs of the GI tract and vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) could provide a means for affecting GI function and treating disease. However, the vagus nerve also innervates many other organs throughout the body, and off-target effects of VNS could cause major side effects such as changes in blood pressure. In this study, we aimed to achieve selective stimulation of populations of vagal afferents using a multi-contact cuff electrode wrapped around the abdominal trunks of the vagus nerve. Four-contact nerve cuff electrodes were implanted around the dorsal (N = 3) or ventral (N = 3) abdominal vagus nerve in six ferrets, and the response to stimulation was measured via a 32-channel microelectrode array (MEA) inserted into the left or right nodose ganglion. Selectivity was characterized by the ability to evoke responses in MEA channels through one bipolar pair of cuff contacts but not through the other bipolar pair. We demonstrated that it was possible to selectively activate subpopulations of vagal neurons using abdominal VNS. Additionally, we quantified the conduction velocity of evoked responses to determine what types of nerve fibers (i.e., Aδ vs. C) responded to stimulation. We also quantified the spatial organization of evoked responses in the nodose MEA to determine if there is somatotopic organization of the neurons in that ganglion. Finally, we demonstrated in a separate set of three ferrets that stimulation of the abdominal vagus via a four-contact cuff could selectively alter gastric myoelectric activity, suggesting that abdominal VNS can potentially be used to control GI function.


Biochemistry ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (22) ◽  
pp. 6904-6911 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Sandall ◽  
N. Satkunanathan ◽  
D. A. Keays ◽  
M. A. Polidano ◽  
X. Liping ◽  
...  

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