scholarly journals Coronary Calcium Scoring with First Generation Dual-Source Photon-Counting CT—First Evidence from Phantom and In-Vivo Scans

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1708
Author(s):  
Matthias Eberhard ◽  
Victor Mergen ◽  
Kai Higashigaito ◽  
Thomas Allmendinger ◽  
Robert Manka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Photon Counting Detector ◽  
Dual Source ◽  
Virtual Monoenergetic Images ◽  
Ct System ◽  
Dose Levels

We evaluated the accuracy of coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring on a dual-source photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT). An anthropomorphic chest phantom underwent ECG-gated sequential scanning on a PCD-CT at 120 kV with four radiation dose levels (CTDIvol, 2.0–8.6 mGy). Polychromatic images at 120 kV (T3D) and virtual monoenergetic images (VMI), from 60 to 75 keV without quantum iterative reconstruction (no QIR) and QIR strength levels 1–4, were reconstructed. For reference, the same phantom was scanned on a conventional energy-integrating detector CT (120 kV; filtered back projection) at identical radiation doses. CAC scoring in 20 patients with PCD-CT (120 kV; no QIR and QIR 1–4) were included. In the phantom, there were no differences between CAC scores of different radiation doses (all, p > 0.05). Images with 70 keV, no QIR (CAC score, 649); 65 keV, QIR 3 (656); 65 keV; QIR4 (648) and T3D, QIR4 (656) showed a <1% deviation to the reference (653). CAC scores significantly decreased at increasing QIR levels (all, p < 0.001) and for each 5 keV-increase (all, p < 0.001). Patient data (median CAC score: 86 [inter-quartile range: 38–978] at 70 keV) confirmed relationships and differences between reconstructions from the phantom. First phantom and in-vivo experience with a clinical dual-source PCD-CT system shows accurate CAC scoring with VMI reconstructions at different radiation dose levels.

scholarly journals First-generation clinical dual-source photon-counting CT: ultra-low dose quantitative spectral imaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leening P. Liu ◽  
Nadav Shapira ◽  
Pooyan Sahbaee ◽  
Mitchell Schnall ◽  
Harold I. Litt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Background Noise ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
P Value ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dual Source ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
Dose Levels

Objective: Evaluation of quantification capabilities at ultra-low radiation dose levels of a first-generation dual-source Photon-Counting Computed Tomography (PCCT) compared to a dual-source dual-energy CT (DECT) scanner. Methods: A multi-energy CT phantom was imaged with and without extension ring on both scanners over a range of radiation dose levels (CTDIvol 0.4 - 15.0 mGy). Scans were performed in different modes of acquisition for PCCT with 120 kVp and DECT with 70/Sn150 kVp and 100/Sn150 kVp. Various tissue inserts were used to characterize the precision and repeatability of Hounsfield Units (HUs) on virtual mono-energetic images between 40 and 190 keV. Image noise was additionally investigated at ultra-low radiation dose to illustrate ability of PCCT to remove electronic background noise. Results: Our results demonstrate high precision of HU measurements for a wide range of inserts and radiation exposure levels with PCCT. We report high performance for both scanners across a wide range of radiation exposure levels with PCCT outperforming at low exposures compared to DECT. PCCT scans at lowest radiation exposures illustrate significant reduction in electronic background noise, with a mean percent reduction of 74% (p-value ~10-8) compared to the 70/Sn150 kVp and 60% (p-value ~10-6) compared to the 100/Sn150 kVp. Conclusions: This paper reports first experiences with a clinical dual-source PCCT scanner with Quantum technology. PCCT provides reliable HUs without disruption from electronic background noise for a wide range of dose values. Diagnostic benefits are not only for quantification at ultra-low-dose but also for imaging of obese patients.

scholarly journals A Universal Protocol for Abdominal CT Examinations Performed on a Photon-Counting Detector CT System

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 226-232
Author(s):  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Gregory J. Michalak ◽  
Jayse M. Weaver ◽  
Hao Gong ◽  
Lifeng Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photon Counting ◽  
Abdominal Ct ◽  
Photon Counting Detector ◽  
Ct System ◽  
Universal Protocol

Radiation Dose at Coronary CT Angiography: Second-Generation Dual-Source CT Versus Single-Source 64-MDCT and First-Generation Dual-Source CT

2011 ◽  
Vol 196 (5) ◽  
pp. W550-W557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Fink ◽  
Radko Krissak ◽  
Thomas Henzler ◽  
Ursula Lechel ◽  
Gunnar Brix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Ct Angiography ◽  
Coronary Ct Angiography ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Dual Source Ct ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Coronary Ct ◽  
Dual Source

scholarly journals Feasibility of multi‐contrast imaging on dual‐source photon counting detector (PCD) CT: An initial phantom study

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 4105-4115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengzhen Tao ◽  
Kishore Rajendran ◽  
Cynthia H. McCollough ◽  
Shuai Leng
Keyword(s):  
Photon Counting ◽  
Phantom Study ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
Photon Counting Detector ◽  
Dual Source

scholarly journals Multi-energy CT imaging for large patients using dual-source photon-counting detector CT

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (17) ◽  
pp. 17NT01
Author(s):  
Shengzhen Tao ◽  
Jeffrey F Marsh ◽  
Ashley Tao ◽  
Greg J Michalak ◽  
Kishore Rajendran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photon Counting ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Photon Counting Detector ◽  
Dual Source

Targeted Radiotherapy in the Conditioning Prior to Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Results of a Phase I Radiation Dose Escalation Study Using Yttrium-90-Labelled Anti-CD66 Monoclonal Antibody Demonstrating High BM Uptake of Radiation.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 2189-2189
Author(s):  
Kim Orchard ◽  
Margaret Cooper ◽  
Valerie Lewington ◽  
Maria Tristram ◽  
Maureen Zivanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Dose Escalation ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Dose Escalation Study ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
Reduced Intensity ◽  
Yttrium 90

Abstract We report the results of a phase I clinical study using a radiolabelled murine anti-CD66 IgG1 monoclonal antibody (TheraPharm GmbH) as part of the transplant conditioning schedule for patients receiving either autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplants (SCT) for myeloma or acute myeloid leukaemia. This was a radiation dose escalation study using increasing doses of yttrium-90 (Y-90) as the therapeutic radionuclide. A total of eighteen patients have been treated over four Y-90 radiation dose levels. All patients received an initial infusion of indium-111 (In-111)-labelled anti-CD66 for biodistribution and dosimetry determination. If favourable dosimetry was demonstrated, patients went on to receive the therapy dose of radiation, the dose of Y-90 infused calculated from the patient’s body weight. The Y-90 dose levels were as follows: 5, 10, 25 and 37.5MBq /kilogram (lean) body weight. Patient characteristics: Age 21-67 yrs (median 54 yrs); 14 male, 4 female; myeloma 14, AML 4; autologous SCT 14, reduced intensity allogeneic SCT 4. Patients undergoing autologous SCT for myeloma received Y-90 labelled anti-CD66 on day -14 and melphalan 200mg/m2 on day -2. Patients undergoing reduced intensity allogeneic SCT received Y-90-labelled anti-CD66 on day -14 in addition to a reduced intensity schedule of fludarabine, melphalan and CAMPATH 1H. Results: Excellent bone marrow targeting was seen in all patients and in the majority low uptake by non-haematopoietic organs, in particular liver uptake was consistently low. There was a close correlation between the administered dose of Y-90 and the dose delivered to the bone marrow but not for the radiation dose received by the liver. Mean absorbed radiation doses (cGy per MBq infused Y-90): bone marrow 10.23 +/- 1.8 cGy/MBq; liver 2.67 +/- 2.0 cGy/MBq; spleen 7.10 +/- 3.75 cGy/MBq. Total absorbed radiation doses at each dose level are in table 1. Table 1 Organ dose in Gy Dose level MBq per kg BM Liver Spleen 5 4.1 1.4 1.1 10 9.1 1.3 2.4 25 15.6 3.7 12.6 37.5 22.0 7.8 5.3 No additional toxicity due to the addition of targeted radiation was seen. Engraftment: neutrophils >0.5 by day + 13.8 (11-22) platelets >50 day +12.7 (10-22), no graft failures were seen. In two patients with myeloma, focal uptake of In-111-labelled antibody was seen suggesting in vivo targeting of myeloma, consistent with the expression of the antigen on plasma cells demonstrated by Flow cytometry. Conclusions: The anti-CD66 monoclonal antibody showed consistently excellent BM targeting and very low uptake by non-haematopoietic organs. Up to 25 Gy of additional radiation was delivered to the bone marrow with no additional toxicity. This particular monoclonal antibody may have a role in stem cell transplantation for a wide range of haematological malignancies, providing significant dose escalation without toxicity in autologous and allogeneic protocols. AntiCD66 may be particularly appropriate in transplantation for myeloma.

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