scholarly journals Influence of Parasitic Resistances on the Input Resistance of Buck and Boost Converters in Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Systems

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1464
Author(s):  
Marcin Walczak ◽  
Leszek Bychto
Keyword(s):  
Input Resistance ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Boost Converters ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Power Point

DC/DC converters are widely used in photovoltaic (PV) systems to maximize the power drained from solar panels. As the power generated by a PV panel depends on the temperature and irradiance level, a converter needs to constantly modify its input resistance to remain at the maximum power point (MPP). The input resistance of a converter can be described by a simple equation that includes the converter load resistance and the duty cycle of the switching signal. The equation is sufficient for an ideal converter but can lead to incorrect results for a real converter, which naturally features some parasitic resistances. The goal of this study is to evaluate how the parasitic resistances of a converter influence its input resistance and if they are relevant in terms of MPPT system operation.

Comparison between Seven MPPT Techniques Implemented in a Buck Converter

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 476-486
Author(s):  
Lahcen El Mentaly ◽  
Abdellah Amghar ◽  
Hassan Sahsah
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Buck Converter ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Power Point

Background: The solar field on our planet is inexhaustible, which favors the use of photovoltaic electricity which generates no nuisance: no greenhouse gases, no waste. Methods: It is a high value-added energy that is produced directly at the place of consumption through photovoltaic (PV) solar panels. Notwithstanding these advantages, the maximum power depends strongly on solar irradiation and temperature, which means that a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller must be inserted between the PV panel and the load in order to follow the Maximum Power Point (MPP) continuously and in real time. In this work, MPP’s behavior was simulated at different temperatures and solar irradiations using seven techniques which identify the MPP by different methods. Results: The novelty of this work is that the seven MPPT methods were compared according to a very selective criterion which is the MPPT efficiency as well as a purely digital duty cycle control without using the PI controller. The simulation under the PSIM software shows that the FLC, TP, FSCC, TG, HC and IC methods have almost the same efficiency of 99%, whereas the FOCV method had a low efficiency of 96%. Conclusion: This makes it possible to conclude that the best methods are FLC, HC and IC because they use fewer sensors compared to the rest.

scholarly journals Flatness-Based Control for the Maximum Power Point Tracking in a Photovoltaic System

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leopoldo Gil-Antonio ◽  
Belem Saldivar ◽  
Otniel Portillo-Rodríguez ◽  
Juan Carlos Ávila-Vilchis ◽  
Pánfilo Raymundo Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Power Point Tracking ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Differential Flatness ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point

Solar energy harvesting using Photovoltaic (PV) systems is one of the most popular sources of renewable energy, however the main drawback of PV systems is their low conversion efficiency. An optimal system operation requires an efficient tracking of the Maximum Power Point (MPP), which represents the maximum energy that can be extracted from the PV panel. This paper presents a novel control approach for the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) based on the differential flatness property of the Boost converter, which is one of the most used converters in PV systems. The underlying idea of the proposed control approach is to use the classical flatness-based trajectory tracking control where a reference voltage will be defined in terms of the maximum power provided by the PV panel. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is assessed through numerical simulations and experimental tests. The results show that the controller based on differential flatness is capable of converging in less than 0.15 s and, compared with other MPPT techniques, such as Incremental Conductance and Perturb and Observe, it improves the response against sudden changes in load or weather conditions, reducing the ringing in the output of the system. Based on the results, it can be inferred that the new flatness-based controller represents an alternative to improve the MPPT in PV systems, especially when they are subject to sudden load or weather changes.

scholarly journals Improved Fractional Open Circuit Voltage MPPT Methods for PV Systems

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Baimel ◽  
Saad Tapuchi ◽  
Yoash Levron ◽  
Juri Belikov
Keyword(s):  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point

This paper proposes two new Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) methods which improve the conventional Fractional Open Circuit Voltage (FOCV) method. The main novelty is a switched semi-pilot cell that is used for measuring the open-circuit voltage. In the first method this voltage is measured on the semi-pilot cell located at the edge of PV panel. During the measurement the semi-pilot cell is disconnected from the panel by a pair of transistors, and bypassed by a diode. In the second Semi-Pilot Panel method the open circuit voltage is measured on a pilot panel in a large PV system. The proposed methods are validated using simulations and experiments. It is shown that both methods can accurately estimate the maximum power point voltage, and hence improve the system efficiency.

Comparative Study of Perturb & Observe, Modified Perturb & Observe and Modified Incremental Conductance MPPT Techniques for PV Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (4A) ◽  
pp. 478-490
Author(s):  
Mohanad H.Mahmood ◽  
Inaam I. Ali ‎ ◽  
Oday A. Ahmed ‎
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Incremental Conductance ◽  
Power Point

This paper presents a modified maximum power point tracking algorithm (Modified MPPT) for PV systems based on incremental ‎conductance (IC) algorithm. This method verified with the dynamic irradiance and sudden change of irradiance, the ‎comparisons ‎with ‎conventional methods, for example, the perturbation and observation (P&O) and Modified perturbation and observation ‎‎ (Modified P&O) were performed. A photovoltaic (PV) panel was simulated and tested using MATLAB/Simulink ‎based on PV ‎panel ‎at Power Electronics Laboratory. The results show ‎that this ‎method ‎capable to find the maximum power point (MPP) under dynamic behavior faster ‎than (‎P&O) and‎ Modified P&O). Reduced oscillation of MPP indicates enhanced ‎efficiency, providing ‎maximum power transfer to load. ‎

scholarly journals A Modification of the Perturb and Observe Method to Improve the Energy Harvesting of PV Systems under Partial Shading Conditions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2521
Author(s):  
Alfredo Gil-Velasco ◽  
Carlos Aguilar-Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Power ◽  
Global Maximum ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point ◽  
Computational Resources

There are multiples conditions that lead to partial shading conditions (PSC) in photovoltaic systems (PV). Under these conditions, the harvested energy decreases in the PV system. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller aims to harvest the greatest amount of energy even under partial shading conditions. The simplest available MPPT algorithms fail on PSC, whereas the complex ones are effective but require high computational resources and experience in this type of systems. This paper presents a new MPPT algorithm that is simple but effective in tracking the global maximum power point even in PSC. The simulation and experimental results show excellent performance of the proposed algorithm. Additionally, a comparison with a previously proposed algorithm is presented. The comparison shows that the proposal in this paper is faster in tracking the maximum power point than complex algorithms.

Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for a Solar Photovoltaic System: A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Arun Shravan ◽  
D. Ebenezer
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Maximum Power Point Tracking ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Nonlinear Behaviour ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point

In recent years there has been a growing attention towards use of solar energy. Advantages of photovoltaic (PV) systems employed for harnessing solar energy are reduction of greenhouse gas emission, low maintenance costs, fewer limitations with regard to site of installation and absence of mechanical noise arising from moving parts. However, PV systems suffer from relatively low conversion efficiency. Therefore, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for the solar array is essential in a PV system. The nonlinear behaviour of PV systems as well as variations of the maximum power point with solar irradiance level and temperature complicates the tracking of the maximum power point. This paper reviews various MPPT methods based on three categories: offline, online and hybrid methods. Design of a PV system in a encoding environment has also been reviewed here. Furthermore, different MPPT methods are discussed in terms of the dynamic response of the PV system to variations in temperature and irradiance, attainable efficiency, and implementation considerations.

Maximum Power Point Tracking of Multi-String Photovoltaic Array via Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Xiao ◽  
Yaoyu Li ◽  
John E. Seem ◽  
Kaushik Rajashekara
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Approximation ◽  
Maximum Power Point Tracking ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point

This paper presents a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) strategy for multi-string photovoltaic (PV) systems using the Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation (SPSA) algorithm. The multi-string PV system considered is a decentralized control configuration, controlling the voltage reference to each PV module but based on the feedback of the total power at the DC bus. This requires only one pair of voltage and current measurements. The MPPT control problem for such topology of multi-string PV systems features a high input dimension, which can dramatically slow down the searching process for the real-time optimization process involved. The SPSA algorithm is considered in this study due to its remarkable capability of fast convergence for high dimensional search problems endorsed by various applications recently. Simulation study is performed for an 8-string PV system, and experimental study is performed for a 4-string PV system. Good performances are observed for both simulation and experimental results.

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