scholarly journals Influence of High Loading on the Performance of Natural Graphite-Based Al Secondary Batteries

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mao-Chia Huang ◽  
Cheng-Hsien Yang ◽  
Chien-Chih Chiang ◽  
Sheng-Cheng Chiu ◽  
Yun-Feng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Natural Graphite ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Ionic Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Performance Rate ◽  
A Current

In recent years, novel Al secondary batteries with Al anodes, natural graphite cathodes, and ionic liquid electrolytes have received more attention. However, most research on Al secondary batteries used lower graphite loading (<8 mg/cm2), which will inhibit the batteries from commercialization in the future. Here, we prepared Al secondary batteries using Al anode, low-cost natural graphite cathode, and cheaper ionic liquid electrolyte. The effects of loading (7–12 mg/cm2) on performance were investigated. Based on our observations, graphite-based Al secondary batteries (GABs) using 10 mg/cm2 graphite electrodes had better performance of 82 mAh/g and 6.5 Wh/L at a current density of 100 mA/g. Moreover, the 10 mg/cm2 GABs showed a long life of 250 charge–discharge cycles with a high coulombic efficiency of 98% and excellent performance rate up to 1000 mA/g.

Enhanced Ion Transport in an Ether Aided Super Concentrated Ionic Liquid Electrolyte for Long-Life Practical Lithium Metal Battery Applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urbi Pal ◽  
Fangfang Chen ◽  
Derick Gyabang ◽  
Thushan Pathirana ◽  
Binayak Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Ionic Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Lithium Metal Battery

We explore a novel ether aided superconcentrated ionic liquid electrolyte; a combination of ionic liquid, <i>N</i>-propyl-<i>N</i>-methylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (C<sub>3</sub>mpyrFSI) and ether solvent, <i>1,2</i> dimethoxy ethane (DME) with 3.2 mol/kg LiFSI salt, which offers an alternative ion-transport mechanism and improves the overall fluidity of the electrolyte. The molecular dynamics (MD) study reveals that the coordination environment of lithium in the ether aided ionic liquid system offers a coexistence of both the ether DME and FSI anion simultaneously and the absence of ‘free’, uncoordinated DME solvent. These structures lead to very fast kinetics and improved current density for lithium deposition-dissolution processes. Hence the electrolyte is used in a lithium metal battery against a high mass loading (~12 mg/cm<sup>2</sup>) LFP cathode which was cycled at a relatively high current rate of 1mA/cm<sup>2</sup> for 350 cycles without capacity fading and offered an overall coulombic efficiency of >99.8 %. Additionally, the rate performance demonstrated that this electrolyte is capable of passing current density as high as 7mA/cm<sup>2</sup> without any electrolytic decomposition and offers a superior capacity retention. We have also demonstrated an ‘anode free’ LFP-Cu cell which was cycled over 50 cycles and achieved an average coulombic efficiency of 98.74%. The coordination chemistry and (electro)chemical understanding as well as the excellent cycling stability collectively leads toward a breakthrough in realizing the practical applicability of this ether aided ionic liquid electrolytes in lithium metal battery applications, while delivering high energy density in a prototype cell.

A Quinone-Based Electrode for High-Performance Rechargeable Aluminum-Ion Batteries with a Low-Cost AlCl3/Urea Ionic Liquid Electrolyte

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 25853-25860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Ting Kao ◽  
Shivaraj B. Patil ◽  
Chi-Yao An ◽  
Shao-Ku Huang ◽  
Jou-Chun Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Ionic Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Aluminum Ion

scholarly journals Paving the Way Toward Highly Efficient High-Energy Potassium-Ion Batteries with Ionic-Liquid Electrolytes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Fiore ◽  
Kevin Hurlbutt ◽  
Samuel Wheeler ◽  
Isaac Capone ◽  
Jack Fawdon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Potassium Ion ◽  
Graphite Anode ◽  
Ionic Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Prussian Blue Analog ◽  
Operating Potential

<div><div><div><p>Potassium-ion batteries (KIB) are a promising complementary technology to lithium-ion batteries because of the comparative abundance and affordability of potassium. Currently, the most promising KIB chemistry consists of a potassium manganese hexacyanoferrate (KMF) cathode, a Prussian blue analog, and a graphite anode (723Whl−1 and 359Whkg−1 at 3.6V). No electrolyte has yet been formulated that is concurrently stable at the high operating potential of KMF (4.02V vs K+/K) and compatible with K+ intercalation into graphite, currently the most critical hurdle to adoption. Here we combine a KMF cathode and a graphite anode with a KFSI in Pyr1,3FSI ionic liquid electrolyte for the first time and show unprecedented performance. We use high-throughput techniques to optimize the KMF morphology for operation in this electrolyte system, achieving 119 mA h g−1 at 4 V vs K+/K and a coulombic efficiency >99.3%. In the same ionic liquid electrolyte graphite shows excellent electrochemical performance and we demonstrate reversible cycling by operando XRD. These results are a significant and essential step forward towards viable potassium-ion batteries.</p></div></div></div>

scholarly journals Shuttle Effect Quantification for Redox Ionic Liquid Electrolyte Correlated to the Coulombic Efficiency of Supercapacitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 1193-1200
Author(s):  
Charlotte Bodin ◽  
Chandra Sekhar Bongur ◽  
Mathieu Deschanels ◽  
Sylvain Catrouillet ◽  
Steven Le Vot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Shuttle Effect ◽  
Ionic Liquid Electrolyte

scholarly journals Paving the Way Toward Highly Efficient High-Energy Potassium-Ion Batteries with Ionic-Liquid Electrolytes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Fiore ◽  
Kevin Hurlbutt ◽  
Samuel Wheeler ◽  
Isaac Capone ◽  
Jack Fawdon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Potassium Ion ◽  
Graphite Anode ◽  
Ionic Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Prussian Blue Analog ◽  
Operating Potential

<div><div><div><p>Potassium-ion batteries (KIB) are a promising complementary technology to lithium-ion batteries because of the comparative abundance and affordability of potassium. Currently, the most promising KIB chemistry consists of a potassium manganese hexacyanoferrate (KMF) cathode, a Prussian blue analog, and a graphite anode (723Whl−1 and 359Whkg−1 at 3.6V). No electrolyte has yet been formulated that is concurrently stable at the high operating potential of KMF (4.02V vs K+/K) and compatible with K+ intercalation into graphite, currently the most critical hurdle to adoption. Here we combine a KMF cathode and a graphite anode with a KFSI in Pyr1,3FSI ionic liquid electrolyte for the first time and show unprecedented performance. We use high-throughput techniques to optimize the KMF morphology for operation in this electrolyte system, achieving 119 mA h g−1 at 4 V vs K+/K and a coulombic efficiency >99.3%. In the same ionic liquid electrolyte graphite shows excellent electrochemical performance and we demonstrate reversible cycling by operando XRD. These results are a significant and essential step forward towards viable potassium-ion batteries.</p></div></div></div>

Enhanced Ion Transport in an Ether Aided Super Concentrated Ionic Liquid Electrolyte for Long-Life Practical Lithium Metal Battery Applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urbi Pal ◽  
Fangfang Chen ◽  
Derick Gyabang ◽  
Thushan Pathirana ◽  
Binayak Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Ionic Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Lithium Metal Battery

We explore a novel ether aided superconcentrated ionic liquid electrolyte; a combination of ionic liquid, <i>N</i>-propyl-<i>N</i>-methylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (C<sub>3</sub>mpyrFSI) and ether solvent, <i>1,2</i> dimethoxy ethane (DME) with 3.2 mol/kg LiFSI salt, which offers an alternative ion-transport mechanism and improves the overall fluidity of the electrolyte. The molecular dynamics (MD) study reveals that the coordination environment of lithium in the ether aided ionic liquid system offers a coexistence of both the ether DME and FSI anion simultaneously and the absence of ‘free’, uncoordinated DME solvent. These structures lead to very fast kinetics and improved current density for lithium deposition-dissolution processes. Hence the electrolyte is used in a lithium metal battery against a high mass loading (~12 mg/cm<sup>2</sup>) LFP cathode which was cycled at a relatively high current rate of 1mA/cm<sup>2</sup> for 350 cycles without capacity fading and offered an overall coulombic efficiency of >99.8 %. Additionally, the rate performance demonstrated that this electrolyte is capable of passing current density as high as 7mA/cm<sup>2</sup> without any electrolytic decomposition and offers a superior capacity retention. We have also demonstrated an ‘anode free’ LFP-Cu cell which was cycled over 50 cycles and achieved an average coulombic efficiency of 98.74%. The coordination chemistry and (electro)chemical understanding as well as the excellent cycling stability collectively leads toward a breakthrough in realizing the practical applicability of this ether aided ionic liquid electrolytes in lithium metal battery applications, while delivering high energy density in a prototype cell.

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