scholarly journals Empirical Analysis of High Voltage Battery Pack Cells for Electric Racing Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1556
Author(s):  
Khaled Sehil ◽  
Basem Alamri ◽  
Mohammed Alqarni ◽  
Abdulhafid Sallama ◽  
Mohamed Darwish
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Race Car ◽  
Battery Packs ◽  
High Voltage Battery ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Rapid Deployment ◽  
Conclusion Section ◽  
Battery Cells

This paper examines the specifications of lithium battery cells, which are considered one of the most vital sources for electrical energy storage units. The specifications have been covered to associate battery performance with its usage for electrically powered motor vehicles. With the motivation of rapid deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) around the world, the key contribution of this study is to provide a comparative investigation of well-known commercially available Li-ion battery cells used as a pack for electric race car. Five lithium cells from different manufacturers were analyzed for start voltage, end voltage, current, and the use of active cooling under different test conditions. Thermal imaging was used to provide more comprehensive analysis of tested battery packs. The outcomes of this experimental investigation are described in the sections below in the order in which the analyses were conducted. The key findings of this study are presented in the conclusion section.

scholarly journals Energy Dependencies in Li-Ion Cells and Their Influence on the Safety of Electric Motor Vehicles and Other Large Battery Packs

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6738
Author(s):  
Andrzej Erd ◽  
Jozef Stoklosa
Keyword(s):  
Cell Damage ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Battery Management Systems ◽  
Battery Packs ◽  
Heat Value ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Runaway Process

For this work, the specific heat value of a Li-ion cell was determined experimentally as if it were a homogeneous body. The heat absorbed in the cell was compared with the amount of energy contained in the charged cell. It was found that a fully charged cell poses a risk of spontaneous combustion in the event of the release of electrical energy. On the basis of literature research, the combustion process of a lithium cell has been described. The formula was derived for the value of the state of charge that does not pose a risk of self-ignition. In view of the existing threats, the currently used protection against cell damage and tests to demonstrate the safety of cells were analyzed. It has been indicated that currently used battery management systems do not guarantee the safety in a state of developing thermal runaway process. A new active way of protecting cells in a battery has been proposed, consisting in sectoral discharge of cells. The use of this solution would be important for the improvement of fire safety in the automotive industry as well as in mining and in the construction of energy storage.

scholarly journals A Power Management IC Used for Monitoring and Protection of Li-Ion Battery Packs

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Yunqiang Hao ◽  
Dongbai Yi ◽  
Xiaowei Zhang ◽  
Wenxin Yu ◽  
Jianxiong Xi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Management ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Management System ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Estimation Accuracy ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Battery Packs ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Power Management System ◽  
Battery Cells

A power management system is a critical component of the system which needs Li-ion battery packs for power supply. This paper proposes a fully integrated, high-precision, and high-reliability Integrated Circuit (IC) for the power management system of Li-ion battery packs. It has full protection circuits including overvoltage, overtemperature, and overcurrent circuits with measuring voltage accuracy of 0.2 mV and a 15-bit internal Successive Approximation Register (SAR) Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC). This IC is designed to protect the system automatically and measure the battery cells’ voltage, temperature, and charging or discharging current with high precision. It also provides an I2C interface to communicate with an external Microcontroller Unit (MCU), making it achievable to perform battery cells’ voltage balancing and SOC estimation with 0.1% estimation accuracy in an hour.

scholarly journals Calibration Optimization Methodology for Lithium-Ion Battery Pack Model for Electric Vehicles in Mining Applications

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Astaneh ◽  
Jelena Andric ◽  
Lennart Löfdahl ◽  
Dario Maggiolo ◽  
Peter Stopp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Battery Packs ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Optimization Methodology ◽  
Battery Cells

Large-scale introduction of electric vehicles (EVs) to the market sets outstanding requirements for battery performance to extend vehicle driving range, prolong battery service life, and reduce battery costs. There is a growing need to accurately and robustly model the performance of both individual cells and their aggregated behavior when integrated into battery packs. This paper presents a novel methodology for Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery pack simulations under actual operating conditions of an electric mining vehicle. The validated electrochemical-thermal models of Li-ion battery cells are scaled up into battery modules to emulate cell-to-cell variations within the battery pack while considering the random variability of battery cells, as well as electrical topology and thermal management of the pack. The performance of the battery pack model is evaluated using transient experimental data for the pack operating conditions within the mining environment. The simulation results show that the relative root mean square error for the voltage prediction is 0.7–1.7% and for the battery pack temperature 2–12%. The proposed methodology is general and it can be applied to other battery chemistries and electric vehicle types to perform multi-objective optimization to predict the performance of large battery packs.

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS OF HIGH VOLTAGE BATTERY PACKS FOR ELECTRIC BUSES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
MEHMET UĞRAŞ CUMA ◽  
EMRAH YİRİK ◽  
ÇAĞLA DERİCİOĞLU ◽  
ERDEM ÜNAL ◽  
BURAK ONUR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Battery Packs ◽  
High Voltage Battery

Energy efficiency of Li-ion battery packs re-used in stationary power applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Ahmadi ◽  
Michael Fowler ◽  
Steven B. Young ◽  
Roydon A. Fraser ◽  
Ben Gaffney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Battery Packs ◽  
Li Ion

Investigation of the Reasons for Capacity Fading in Li-Ion Battery Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 161 (10) ◽  
pp. A1672-A1680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baruch Ziv ◽  
Valentina Borgel ◽  
Doron Aurbach ◽  
Jung-Hyun Kim ◽  
Xingcheng Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Capacity Fading ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Battery Cells

scholarly journals A novel BEV concept based on fixed and swappable li-ion battery packs

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge V. Barreras ◽  
C. Pinto ◽  
R. de Castro ◽  
E. Schaltz ◽  
S. J. Andreasen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Battery Packs ◽  
Li Ion

Self-Balancing by Design in Hybrid Electrochemical Battery Packs

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Adilah Aljunid ◽  
Michelle A. K. Denlinger ◽  
Hosam K. Fathy
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Hybrid Cells ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
Battery Packs ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Electrochemical Battery ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Physics Based Simulation

This paper explores the novel concept that a hybrid battery pack containing both lithium-ion (Li-ion) and vanadium redox flow (VRF) cells can self-balance automatically, by design. The proposed hybrid pack connects the Li-ion and VRF cells in parallel to form “hybrid cells”, then connects these hybrid cells into series strings. The basic idea is to exploit the recirculation and mixing of the VRF electrolytes to establish an internal feedback loop. This feedback loop attenuates state of charge (SOC) imbalances in both the VRF battery and the lithium-ion cells connected to it. This self-balancing occurs automatically, by design. This stands in sharp contrast to today’s battery pack balancing approaches, all of which require either (passive/active) power electronics or an external photovoltaic source to balance battery cell SOCs. The paper demonstrates this self-balancing property using a physics-based simulation of the proposed hybrid pack. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this work represents the first report in the literature of self-balancing “by design” in electrochemical battery packs.

Amount of Free Liquid Electrolyte in Commercial Large Format Prismatic Li-Ion Battery Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 166 (4) ◽  
pp. A779-A786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia P. Lebedeva ◽  
Franco Di Persio ◽  
Theodora Kosmidou ◽  
Denis Dams ◽  
Andreas Pfrang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Large Format ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Battery Cells
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