scholarly journals Modular Multilevel Converters for Large-Scale Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems: A Review

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 6213
Author(s):  
Saud Alotaibi ◽  
Ahmed Darwish
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point ◽  
One Year

The use of photovoltaic (PV) systems as the energy source of electrical distributed generators (DG) is gaining popularity, due to the progress of power electronics devices and technologies. Large-scale solar PV power plants are becoming the preferable solution to meet the fast growth of electrical energy demand, as they can be installed in less than one year, as compared to around four years in the case of conventional power plants. Modular multilevel inverters (MMIs) are the best solution to connect these large-scale PV plants to the medium-voltage (MV) grid, due to their numerous merits, such as providing better power quality, having higher efficiency, providing better reliability, and their scalability. However, MMIs are still progressing and need some improvement before they can be implemented safely in the industrial, medium, and high voltage networks. The main purpose of this paper is to review the present MMIs topologies when used in PV applications. The review aims to present a comprehensive study of the various recent submodule circuits associated with MMI topologies. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control schemes for PV inverters will be explored extensively. Then, the different control strategies of PV MMIs will be presented and compared to give a holistic overview of the submodules balancing techniques, ranges, and capabilities under balanced and unbalanced grid conditions. In addition, the paper will discuss the future of PV MMIs systems in electricity networks.

scholarly journals Numerical Modelling and Digitalization Analysis for a Photovoltaic Pumping System Placed in the South of Romania

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2778
Author(s):  
Laurentiu Fara ◽  
Dan Craciunescu ◽  
Silvian Fara
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pumping System ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Monthly Total ◽  
Power Point

The authors studied a working off-grid type photovoltaic (PV) pumping system for irrigation use. The methodology was based on digitalization analysis and numerical modeling as a preliminary stage. A mathematical model of the PV pumping installation considered the determination of the characteristic equations for all its components. These have been used together with the SISIFO simulation software to achieve the performances of the mechanical and electrical components of an advanced PV pumping system. Its global performance features, namely the monthly energy yield, monthly pumping yield, and monthly total performances (energy and flow rate) were introduced. Digital platform (DP) for PV systems characterized by three advanced technologies—machine learning (ML), digital twin (DT) and artificial intelligence (AI) was developed. The simulation results were discussed for a specific case study conducted for a location in the Southern Romania regarding the irrigation potential, taking into account the main meteorological parameters: solar irradiance and ambient temperature, related to the site. The AI approach was implemented to achieve an optimum operation of the PV pumping system by the use of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method and the MATLAB/Simulink software. A unified development of all the components of the PV pumping system using the SISIFO simulation software was established by the authors, with major implications in the development of solar PV installations on large-scale.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Power Quality Issues in grid Connected PV Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunjan Varshney ◽  
D S Chauhan ◽  
M P Dave
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
Maximum Power Point Tracking ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Quality Issues ◽  
Power Point

<p>This paper deals with the evaluation of power quality issues in grid connected PV systems. This paper also presents  complete simulation, modeling and control of three phase grid connected solar PV module with Maximum Power Point Tracking. Perturb and Observe (P&amp;O) method has been used for Maximum Power Point Tracking. In the proposed model DC bus voltage control , harmonic mitigation and power factor control are discussed as power quality issues. The simulation results are shown in the graphical waveforms and simulation is performed in MATLAB using SIMULINK environment and PSB toolboxes. <strong> </strong></p>

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review of DC–DC Converter Topologies and Modulation Strategies with Recent Advances in Solar Photovoltaic Systems

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kummara Venkat Guru Raghavendra ◽  
Kamran Zeb ◽  
Anand Muthusamy ◽  
T. N. V. Krishna ◽  
S. V. S. V Prabhudeva Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Converter Topologies ◽  
Power Point

Renewable Energy Sources (RES) showed enormous growth in the last few years. In comparison with the other RES, solar power has become the most feasible source because of its unique properties such as clean, noiseless, eco-friendly nature, etc. During the extraction of electric power, the DC–DC converters were given the prominent interest because of their extensive use in various applications. Photovoltaic (PV) systems generally suffer from less energy conversion efficiency along with improper stability and intermittent properties. Hence, there is a necessity of the Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm to ensure the maximum power available that can be harnessed from the solar PV. In this paper, the most important features of the DC/DC converters along with the MPPT techniques are reviewed and analyzed. A detailed comprehensive analysis is made on different converter topologies of both non-isolated and isolated DC/DC converters. Then, the modulation strategies, comparative performance evaluation are addressed systematically. At the end, recent advances and future trends are described briefly and considered for the next-generation converter’s design and applications. This review work will provide a useful structure and reference point on the DC/DC converters for researchers and designers working in the field of solar PV applications.

Novel MPPT Schemes with Direct Duty Ratio Perturbation for Solar PV Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 1039-1047
Author(s):  
P. Venkata Sriram ◽  
Bhattacharya Swagnik
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Duty Ratio ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Perturb And Observe ◽  
Direct Duty ◽  
Power Point

The Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is a very important function in a Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) system. While previous research has been focussed on optimizing the performance of the MPPT, there is further scope to improve upon the MPPT efficiency without compromising on the complexity of the MPPT technique in terms of the algorithm and hardware requirements. The research work presented in this paper aims to address this gap. The paper presents two novel MPPT schemes which are the proposed Perturb and Observe (P&O) and proposed Incremental Conductance (IC) methods based on two-step control and direct duty ratio perturbation. The proposed techniques are efficient, computationally less complex and hardware minimal than previous study in this field. For verification, simulation has been performed for extensive irradiation profiles of Standard Test Conditions (STC), rapidly changing and gradually changing insolation conditions which are representative of the boundary cases. Results of the proposed MPPT methods are compared with that of conventional MPPT methods. The results show that proposed MPPT schemes have excellent tracking efficiency and dynamic response with respect to previous research.

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