scholarly journals Setting and Testing of the Out-of-Step Protection at Mongolian Transmission System

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 8170
Author(s):  
Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt ◽  
Choidorj Adiyabazar ◽  
Ernesto Vazquez Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Positive Sequence ◽  
Impedance Method ◽  
Stability Studies ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Protection Relay ◽  
Power Swing ◽  
Specific Impedance ◽  
Power Swings

Modern distance relays have integrated numerous protection functions, including power-swing blocking and out-of-step or pole-slip tripping functions. The main purpose of the power-swing blocking function is to differentiate faults from power swings and block distance or other relay elements from operating during stable or unstable power swings. Most power-swing blocking elements are based on traditional methods that monitor the positive sequence impedance rate. The required settings for the power-swing blocking elements could be difficult to calculate in many applications, particularly those where fast swings can be expected. For these cases, extensive stability studies are necessary to determine the fastest rate of possible power swings. This paper presents a detailed step-by-step method for settings calculation of out-of-step (OOS) protection, both blocking and tripping functions considering a generic two-source system. Then the method is applied to define the protection relay settings installed at the interconnection between the Russian and Mongolian power systems, as it is crucial to feed the demand-rich Mongolian power system. In this paper, a specific impedance method is used for defining the OOS protection settings. This paper innovates by testing the settings using the recordings of the major events of 15 September 2018 in two approaches: hybrid co-simulation and cyber-physical. Both tests have demonstrated the appropriate performance of the proposed settings and proving the proposed methodology works appropriately.

scholarly journals A Spanning Tree Approach in Placing Multi-channel and Minimum Channel PMU’s for Power System Observability

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 518
Author(s):  
Srihari Mandava ◽  
Vanishree J ◽  
Ramesh V
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Spanning Tree ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Positive Sequence ◽  
Tree Search ◽  
Search Technique ◽  
Measurement Units ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Tree Approach

Synchronized phasor measurements have become the measurement technique of choice for electric power systems. They provide positive sequence voltage and current measurements synchronized to within a microsecond. The objective is to use the spanning tree approach and tree search technique for optimal placement of multichannel and minimum channel synchronized phasor measurement units (PMUs) in order to have full observability of Power System. The novel concept of depth of observability is used and its impact on the number of PMU placements is explained.  The spanning tree approach is used for the power system graphs and a tree search technique is used for finding the optimal location of PMUs. This is tested on IEEE-14 and IEEE-30 bus system. The same technique is modified to optimally place minimum channel PMUs on the same IEEE-14 and IEEE-30 bus systems. Matlab tool has been used for fulfilling the objective.

Analisis Gangguan Pada Sistem Tenaga Listrik Jawa Bali 500 kV Menggunakan Power World Simulator

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Dwi Ajiatmo ◽  
Imam Robandi ◽  
Machrus Ali ◽  
Betta Aidya Suroya
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Electric Power Systems ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Positive Sequence ◽  
Simulation Design ◽  
Component System

Short circuit is one type of interference that often occurs in electric power systems. The interference if it lasts a long time will affect the quality and continity of electrical power distribution as well as the reliability and safety of the equipment on the system. To minimize the possibility of interference and to minimize the consequences caused by interference, an analysis of disturbances in the electric power system is needed. This study discusses the classification and analysis of disturbances in the electric power system. The type of interference in the electric power system is classified into two, namely symmetry and non-symmetrical interference. Symmetry disturbances are three phase disturbances which are described by the equation of the sequence of the symmetry component system. Sequence equations from the symmetry component system are positive sequence equations, negative sequence equations, and zero sequence equations. Non-symmetrical interference is a disorder that often occurs in electric power systems, namely the interference of one network to the ground, network interference to the network and interference of two networks to the ground. This research is to classify and to analyze the types of disturbances in the Java-Bali electric power system 500 kV 20 buses in the form of a single line diagram, using Power World Simulator and ETAP Software applications. The simulation results are calculated and display the simulation design of the power system with the tools contained in the program.

Detection of symmetrical fault and discrimination from power swing using MOPSVC approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumarraja Andanapalli ◽  
Monalisa Biswal
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Positive Sequence ◽  
Distance Relay ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Power Swing ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Sequence Components ◽  
Zero Sequence ◽  
Simulation Task ◽  
Eastern Regional

Abstract Distance relay are designed with swing blocking/tripping logic to maintain reliable and secure operation of power system. To prevent this from happening, the relay is functioned with a power swing blocking (PSB) logic. However, ensuring proper detection to swing event requires to overcome from the dependable situation such as three-phase fault. The relay refuses to behave normally if both swing and three-phase fault occur simultaneously. Reliable setting is essential to generate trip/block command. Unsymmetrical faults are easily detected during the swing condition due to the presence of negative and zero sequence components, but such components are absent in the case of symmetrical/three-phase fault. As a result, symmetrical fault under blocking condition is unidentified many a times by the distance relay, arising security issues. To improve the relay operation during swing and symmetrical fault conditions, a MOPSVC (multiplication of positive sequence voltage and current) based index is developed in this work. The MOPSVC index helps to discern power swing from three-phase fault. To test the efficacy of the method, a 230 kV, 50 Hz two-area four machine system, and Indian Eastern Regional Grid (IERG) network are considered. Simulation task is conducted using EMTDC/PSCAD software. To investigate the performance of the proposed method, various swing phenomena, faults, CT saturation, switching transients, and the presence of noise cases are considered, and the results demonstrate the robustness of the proposed algorithm. Responses under stressed power system conditions are also investigated, and a report on comparisons with existing methods is provided. Simulated results confirm that the proposed algorithm can balance the dependability and security aspects of the protection logic.

scholarly journals Dynamic Voltage Stability Studies using a Modified IEEE 30-Bus System

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwafemi Emmanuel Oni ◽  
Kamati I Mbangula ◽  
Innocent Davidson E. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Power System Stability ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Stability Studies ◽  
Operating Life ◽  
Hvdc Line ◽  
Bus System

Power System stability is an essential study in the planning and operation of an efficient, economic, reliable and secure electric power system because it encompasses all the facet of power systems operations, from planning, to conceptual design stages of the project as well as during the systems operating life span. This paper presents different scenario of power system stability studies on a modified IEEE 30-bus system which is subjected to different faults conditions. A scenario whereby the longest high voltage alternating current (HVAC) line is replaced with a high voltage direct current (HVDC) line was implemented. The results obtained show that the HVDC line enhances system stability more compared to the contemporary HVAC line. Dynamic analysis using RMS simulation tool was used on DigSILENT PowerFactory.

Analisis Gangguan Pada Sistem Tenaga Listrik Jawa Bali 500 kV Menggunakan Power World Simulator

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Dwi Ajiatmo ◽  
Imam Robandi ◽  
Machrus Ali
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Electric Power Systems ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Positive Sequence ◽  
Simulation Design ◽  
Component System

Short circuit is one type of interference that often occurs in electric power systems. The interference if it lasts a long time will affect the quality and continity of electrical power distribution as well as the reliability and safety of the equipment on the system. To minimize the possibility of interference and to minimize the consequences caused by interference, an analysis of disturbances in the electric power system is needed. This study discusses the classification and analysis of disturbances in the electric power system. The type of interference in the electric power system is classified into two, namely symmetry and non-symmetrical interference. Symmetry disturbances are three phase disturbances which are described by the equation of the sequence of the symmetry component system. Sequence equations from the symmetry component system are positive sequence equations, negative sequence equations, and zero sequence equations. Non-symmetrical interference is a disorder that often occurs in electric power systems, namely the interference of one network to the ground, network interference to the network and interference of two networks to the ground. This research is to classify and to analyze the types of disturbances in the Java-Bali electric power system 500 kV 20 buses in the form of a single line diagram, using Power World Simulator and ETAP Software applications. The simulation results are calculated and display the simulation design of the power system with the tools contained in the program.

Markov Jump Linear System Analysis of a Microgrid Operating in Islanded and Grid Tied Modes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles Mpembele ◽  
Jonathan Kimball
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Differential Algebraic Equations ◽  
Algebraic Equations ◽  
Markov Jump ◽  
Numerical Application ◽  
Conditional Moments ◽  
Markov Jump Linear Systems

<div>The analysis of power system dynamics is usually conducted using traditional models based on the standard nonlinear differential algebraic equations (DAEs). In general, solutions to these equations can be obtained using numerical methods such as the Monte Carlo simulations. The use of methods based on the Stochastic Hybrid System (SHS) framework for power systems subject to stochastic behavior is relatively new. These methods have been successfully applied to power systems subjected to</div><div>stochastic inputs. This study discusses a class of SHSs referred to as Markov Jump Linear Systems (MJLSs), in which the entire dynamic system is jumping between distinct operating points, with different local small-signal dynamics. The numerical application is based on the analysis of the IEEE 37-bus power system switching between grid-tied and standalone operating modes. The Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) representing the evolution of the conditional moments are derived and a matrix representation of the system is developed. Results are compared to the averaged Monte Carlo simulation. The MJLS approach was found to have a key advantage of being far less computational expensive.</div>

Grasshopper Algorithm Optimized Fractional Order Fuzzy PID Frequency Controller for Hybrid Power Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 519-531
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar Lal ◽  
Ajit Kumar Barisal
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Pid Controllers ◽  
Fuzzy Pid ◽  
Fuzzy Pid Controller ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Increasing Demand

Background: Due to the increasing demand for the electrical power and limitations of conventional energy to produce electricity. Methods: Now the Microgrid (MG) system based on alternative energy sources are used to provide electrical energy to fulfill the increasing demand. The power system frequency deviates from its nominal value when the generation differs the load demand. The paper presents, Load Frequency Control (LFC) of a hybrid power structure consisting of a reheat turbine thermal unit, hydropower generation unit and Distributed Generation (DG) resources. Results: The execution of the proposed fractional order Fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative (FO Fuzzy PID) controller is explored by comparing the results with different types of controllers such as PID, fractional order PID (FOPID) and Fuzzy PID controllers. The controller parameters are optimized with a novel application of Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA). The robustness of the proposed FO Fuzzy PID controller towards different loading, Step Load Perturbations (SLP) and random step change of wind power is tested. Further, the study is extended to an AC microgrid integrated three region thermal power systems. Conclusion: The performed time domain simulations results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed FO Fuzzy PID controller and show that it has better performance than that of PID, FOPID and Fuzzy PID controllers. The suggested approach is reached out to the more practical multi-region power system. Thus, the worthiness and adequacy of the proposed technique are verified effectively.

Analysis between graph-based and Power Transfer Distribution Factors (PTDF)-based model reduction methods in Electric Power Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego A. Monroy-Ortiz ◽  
Sergio A. Dorado-Rojas ◽  
Eduardo Mojica-Nava ◽  
Sergio Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Model Reduction ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Schur Complement ◽  
Power Transfer ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Admittance Matrix ◽  
Test Beds ◽  
Power Transfer Distribution Factors

Abstract This article presents a comparison between two different methods to perform model reduction of an Electrical Power System (EPS). The first is the well-known Kron Reduction Method (KRM) that is used to remove the interior nodes (also known as internal, passive, or load nodes) of an EPS. This method computes the Schur complement of the primitive admittance matrix of an EPS to obtain a reduced model that preserves the information of the system as seen from to the generation nodes. Since the primitive admittance matrix is equivalent to the Laplacian of a graph that represents the interconnections between the nodes of an EPS, this procedure is also significant from the perspective of graph theory. On the other hand, the second procedure based on Power Transfer Distribution Factors (PTDF) uses approximations of DC power flows to define regions to be reduced within the system. In this study, both techniques were applied to obtain reduced-order models of two test beds: a 14-node IEEE system and the Colombian power system (1116 buses), in order to test scalability. In analyzing the reduction of the test beds, the characteristics of each method were classified and compiled in order to know its advantages depending on the type of application. Finally, it was found that the PTDF technique is more robust in terms of the definition of power transfer in congestion zones, while the KRM method may be more accurate.

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