scholarly journals Recent Advances in Nondestructive Evaluation of Wood: In-Forest Wood Quality Assessments

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 949
Author(s):  
Xiping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Nondestructive Evaluation ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Wood Production ◽  
Silvicultural Treatments ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Quality Assessments ◽  
End Uses

Efficient wood production and utilization requires knowing the wood quality attributes of forest resources relevant to various end uses, prescribing appropriate silvicultural treatments that positively influence wood quality, and then, at the time of harvesting, sorting and allocating standing timbers to the most appropriate markets [...]

Recent advances in digital thermography for nondestructive evaluation

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Buchanan ◽  
Paul E. Condon ◽  
Lee M. Klynn
Keyword(s):  
Nondestructive Evaluation ◽  
Recent Advances

scholarly journals An influence of different thinning methods on qualitative wood production of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) on two eutrophic sites in the Western Carpathians

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 406-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Štefančík ◽  
M. Bošeľa
Keyword(s):  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Wood Production ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Measurement Interval ◽  
Growing Stock ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Crown Thinning

The issues related to appropriate management methods of beech stands have been considered as a crucial topic from the past up to now. Although the positive effect of tending on wood quality in beech stands is a generally known fact, the results from long-term experiments are very scarce. We investigated the qualitative production of beech forests, treated by different thinning methods during a long-term period of 53 years. For this purpose two long-term (lasting 53 years with a measurement interval of 5 years) series of research plots were used. On each plot three different thinning methods were applied: i) heavy thinning from below (C-grade according to the German forestry research institutes in 1902), ii) free crown thinning (original thinning method developed in Slovak Republic), and iii) control plot (without treatments). As much as 6,316 trees at the beginning of research and 864 trees at the last measurement were assessed and measured. Chi-squared test was used to quantify the effect of different thinning methods on qualitative wood production. The results showed the highest proportion of target trees, as well as the best average quality of the stem and crown on plots where the free crown thinning was applied followed by the plots with heavy thinning from below and control ones. We found that the proportion (expressed out of the total growing stock of crop trees) of veneers was the highest on plots managed by the free crown thinning (30 and 36%) and the lowest on control (unthinned) plots (10 and 19%). It is concluded that no significant differences between the two studied sites were found, which demonstrates a similar effect of the investigated thinning methods at different places across the region of Slovak Republic, but with similar site conditions. On the other hand, the most appropriate and hence successful thinning method was proved to be the free crown thinning, which is also recommended for management of beech forests from the aspect of silvicultural wood quality.  

Effects of Density Control and Fertilization on Log Wood Quality from a Douglas-fir Stand in Western Oregon, USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-201
Author(s):  
Rapeepan Kantavichai ◽  
Eric C Turnblom ◽  
Eini C Lowell
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Juvenile Wood ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Density Control ◽  
Heartwood Percentage

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effects of juvenile spacing (precommercial thinning), thinning, and fertilization on Douglas-fir butt log (first 4.9 m) and second log (4.9–10 m) quality attributes: juvenile wood percentage, heartwood percentage, rings per inch, specific gravity, and modulus of elasticity. A 41-year-old, 36.6 m site index Douglas-fir stand in western Oregon, USA was selected as the first stand to explore. Nine common silviculture pathway treatments of juvenile spacing, thinning, and fertilization were applied to independent 0.404-hectare plots. Ninety-nine trees were felled and disks cut at five heights along the stem. Wood properties were measured and calculated from the disks for log quality attributes. There was no effect of silvicultural treatments on log heartwood percentage, but significant effects on other log quality attributes were observed. Juvenile wood percentage and rings per inch declined with stand density control and fertilization treatment. Responses to thinning and fertilization in log specific gravity depend on juvenile spacing. Also, thinning and juvenile spacing were shown to have impacts on log modulus of elasticity.

Recent Advances in the Application of Leaky Lamb Waves to the Nondestructive Evaluation of Adhesive Bonds

1989 ◽  
Vol 30 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 243-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecil M. Teller ◽  
K. Jerome Diercks ◽  
Yoseph Bar-cohen ◽  
Ajit K. Mal
Keyword(s):  
Nondestructive Evaluation ◽  
Lamb Waves ◽  
Adhesive Bonds ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Leaky Lamb Waves

scholarly journals Genetics of wood quality attributes in Western Larch

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blaise Ratcliffe ◽  
Foster J. Hart ◽  
Jaroslav Klápště ◽  
Barry Jaquish ◽  
Shawn D. Mansfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wood Quality ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Western Larch

scholarly journals Inhaled RNA Therapeutics for Obstructive Airway Diseases: Recent Advances and Future Prospects

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
You Xu ◽  
Aneesh Thakur ◽  
Yibang Zhang ◽  
Camilla Foged
Keyword(s):  
Drug Exposure ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Solid Dosage Forms ◽  
Solid Dosage ◽  
Airway Diseases ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Obstructive Airway Diseases

Obstructive airway diseases, e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, represent leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, the efficacy of currently available inhaled therapeutics is not sufficient for arresting disease progression and decreasing mortality, hence providing an urgent need for development of novel therapeutics. Local delivery to the airways via inhalation is promising for novel drugs, because it allows for delivery directly to the target site of action and minimizes systemic drug exposure. In addition, novel drug modalities like RNA therapeutics provide entirely new opportunities for highly specific treatment of airway diseases. Here, we review state of the art of conventional inhaled drugs used for the treatment of COPD and asthma with focus on quality attributes of inhaled medicines, and we outline the therapeutic potential and safety of novel drugs. Subsequently, we present recent advances in manufacturing of thermostable solid dosage forms for pulmonary administration, important quality attributes of inhalable dry powder formulations, and obstacles for the translation of inhalable solid dosage forms to the clinic. Delivery challenges for inhaled RNA therapeutics and delivery technologies used to overcome them are also discussed. Finally, we present future prospects of novel inhaled RNA-based therapeutics for treatment of obstructive airways diseases, and highlight major knowledge gaps, which require further investigation to advance RNA-based medicine towards the bedside.

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