scholarly journals Competition and Innovation in Markets with Technology Leaders

Games ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Ku-Chu Tsao ◽  
Arijit Mukherjee ◽  
Achintya Ray
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Technology Leaders ◽  
Leaders And Followers ◽  
Product Substitutability ◽  
Stage Game ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Intensity Of Competition ◽  
Number Of Firms

In this article, we consider technology leaders (which are innovators) and technology followers (which are non-innovators) to provide a new theoretical explanation for the well-cited empirical evidence of an inverted-U relationship between competition and aggregate innovation. We consider a two-stage game with a deterministic Research and Development (R&D) process, where the leaders first determine their R&D investments simultaneously and then all leaders and followers determine their outputs simultaneously. We show that the inverted-U relationship between competition and aggregate innovation occurs if competition is affected by the number of technology followers. However, the presence of more technology leaders decreases individual R&D investments while increasing aggregate R&D investments. If the total number of firms remains the same but the composition of technology leaders and followers changes in favor of leaders (followers), individual R&D investments decrease (increase) but aggregate R&D investments increase (decrease). The relationship between competition and R&D investments can be U-shaped if the intensity of competition is measured by product substitutability. Contrary to the standard expectation, the presence of more firms may reduce welfare.

Spotting a liar by looking for microexpressions: Challenges and Opportunities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xunbing Shen
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Deception Detection ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
High Stake ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Cues To Deception ◽  
The Relationship

Microexpressions do exist, and they are regarded as valid cues to deception by many researchers, furthermore, there is a lot of empirical evidence which substantiates this claim. However, some researchers don’t think the microexpression can be a way to catch a liar. The author elucidates the theories predicting that looking for microexpressions can be a way to catch a liar, and notes that some data can support for the utilization of microexpressions as a good way to detect deception. In addition, the author thinks that the mixed results in the area of investigating microexpressions and deception detection may be moderated by the stake. More empirical studies which employ high-stake lies to explore the relationship between microexpressions and deception detection are needed.

Perspectives

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Schnider
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
False Memories ◽  
Experimental Basis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Scientific Standards

This chapter summarizes current interpretations of all forms of confabulations discussed in the book and reviews the relationship between the four forms of memory-related confabulations. Experimental investigation has confirmed the dissociation between various types of false memories and considerably advanced the understanding of the mechanisms of some forms of confabulation, in particular behaviourally spontaneous confabulation and false statements in anosognosia. Overall, experimental evidence is scarce; many models have no controlled experimental basis or extend their proposed range of application well beyond the empirical evidence. The chapter concludes with a call for heightened respect of basic scientific standards in the research on confabulation.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Risk and Return - An Empirical Evidence from Real Estate Stocks Listed in Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1211-1226
Author(s):  
Phan Tran Minh Hung ◽  
Tran Thi Trang Dai ◽  
Phan Nguyen Bao Quynh ◽  
Le Duc Toan ◽  
Vo Hoang Diem Trinh
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Risk And Return ◽  
The Relationship

Turnout and the Vote: The Joke's on the Democrats

1980 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 406-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
James DeNardo
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Majority Party ◽  
Conventional View ◽  
Theoretical Reasoning ◽  
The Relationship

A heavy turnout is commonly believed to favor the Democrats. This study presents theoretical reasoning and empirical evidence that challenge the conventional view. Reasonable assumptions about the behavior of core and peripheral voters lead to the conclusion that the majority party is most likely to suffer when turnout increases, common sense notwithstanding. It also appears that the recent decay of partisan loyalties among voters has eroded the relationship between turnout and the vote.

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