scholarly journals Research Methods and Ethics in Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management: The Result of the Kobe Expert Meeting

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myo Aung ◽  
Virginia Murray ◽  
Ryoma Kayano
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Research Network ◽  
World Health ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Expert Meeting ◽  
Ethical Review Process

In October 2018, at Asia Pacific Conference for Disaster Medicine (APCDM), an expert meeting to identify key research needs was organized by the World Health Organization (WHO) Centre for Health Development (WHO Kobe Centre (WKC)), convening the leading experts from Asia Pacific region, WHO, WHO Thematic Platform for Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management (Health-EDRM) Research Network (TPRN), World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine (WADEM), in collaboration with Asia Pacific Conference for Disaster Medicine (APCDM) and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). International experts, who were pre-informed about the meeting, contributed experience-based priority issues in Health-EDRM research, ethics, and scientific publication. Two moderators, experienced in multi-disciplinary research interacted with discussants to transcribe practical issues into related methodological and ethical issues. Each issue was addressed in order to progress research and scientific evidence in Health-EDRM. Further analysis of interactive dialogues revealed priorities for action, proposed mechanism to address these and identified recommendations. Thematic discussion uncovered five priority areas: (1) the need to harmonize Health-EDRM research with universal terms and, definitions via a glossary; (2) mechanisms to facilitate and speed up ethical review process; (3) increased community participation and stakeholder involvement in generating research ideas and in assessing impact evaluation; (4) development of reference materials such as possible consensus statements; and (5) the urgent need for a research methods resource textbook for Health-EDRM addressing these issues.

scholarly journals WHO Thematic Platform for Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management Research Network (TPRN): Report of the Kobe Expert Meeting

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoma Kayano ◽  
Emily Chan ◽  
Virginia Murray ◽  
Jonathan Abrahams ◽  
Sarah Barber
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Workforce Development ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Management Research ◽  
Research Questions

The WHO Thematic Platform for Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management Research Network (TPRN) was established in 2016 in response to the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030. The TPRN facilitates global collaborative action for improving the scientific evidence base in health emergency and disaster risk management (Health EDRM). In 2018, the WHO convened a meeting to identify key research questions, bringing together leading experts from WHO, TPRN, World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine (WADEM), and the Japan International Cooperation Agency, and delegates to the Asia Pacific Conference on Disaster Medicine (APCDM). The meeting identified research questions in five major areas for Health EDRM: health data management, psychosocial management, community risk management, health workforce development, and research methods and ethics. Funding these key research questions is essential to accelerate evidence-based actions during emergencies and disasters.

scholarly journals Expected Scopes of Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management (Health EDRM): Report on the Expert Workshop at the Annual Conference for the Japanese Association for Disaster Medicine 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4447
Author(s):  
Shuhei Nomura ◽  
Ryoma Kayano ◽  
Shinichi Egawa ◽  
Nahoko Harada ◽  
Yuichi Koido
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Research Network ◽  
World Health ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
Japanese Association ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Policies And Programs

The World Health Organization (WHO) and its partners established the WHO Thematic Platform for Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management Research Network (HEALTH EDRM RN) in 2016 to respond to the increasing burden of recent health emergencies and disasters. The mission of the HEALTH EDRM RN, whose secretariat is located at the WHO Kobe Centre (WKC), is to promote global research collaboration and strengthen research activities to inform policies and programs by generating new evidence to manage health risks associated with all types of emergencies and disasters. With the strong support and involvement of all WHO regional offices, the HEALTH EDRM RN now works with more than 200 global experts and partners to pursue its mission. The first Core Group Meetings of the HEALTH EDRM RN were held on 17–18 October 2019, and concluded with the HEALTH EDRM RN-activity priorities to (1) promote operational research to better meet the needs of emergency- and disaster-exposed individuals and communities and efforts to translate science to policies and programs and (2) strengthen the research capacity of the Health EDRM community. In collaboration with the Japanese Association for Disaster Medicine, the WKC held a workshop on 21 February 2020, in which 20 Japanese experts from different research fields participated to further discuss these two points. This paper summarizes the discussion at the workshop.

scholarly journals Progress towards the Development of Research Agenda and the Launch of Knowledge Hub: The WHO Thematic Platform for Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management Research Network (Health EDRM RN)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4959
Author(s):  
Ryoma Kayano ◽  
Shuhei Nomura ◽  
Jonathan Abrahams ◽  
Qudsia Huda ◽  
Emily Y. Y. Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Research Network ◽  
World Health ◽  
Management Research ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Global Research

In response to the increasing burden of recent health emergencies and disasters, the World Health Organization (WHO) and its partners established the WHO thematic platform for health emergency and disaster risk management research network (health EDRM RN) in 2016, with the purposes of promoting global research collaboration among various stakeholders and enhancing research activities that generate evidence to manage health risks associated with all types of emergencies and disasters. With the strong support and involvement of all WHO regional offices, the health EDRM RN now works with more than 200 global experts and partners to implement its purposes. The 1st and 2nd Core Group Meetings of the health EDRM RN were held on 17–18 October 2019 and 27 November 2020, respectively, to discuss the development of a global research agenda that the health EDRM RN will focus on facilitating, promoting, synthesizing and implementing, taking into account the emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (health EDRM RN research agenda). A focus of the meetings was the establishment of an online platform to share information and knowledge, including the databases that the health EDRM RN accumulates (WHO health EDRM knowledge hub). This paper presents a summary of the discussion results of the meetings.

scholarly journals Reflection of Challenges and Opportunities within the COVID-19 Pandemic to Include Biological Hazards into DRR Planning

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1614
Author(s):  
Emily Ying Yang Chan ◽  
Caroline Dubois ◽  
Ada Ho Yin Fong ◽  
Rajib Shaw ◽  
Ranit Chatterjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
World Health ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Risk Governance ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Health Organization

COVID-19 has reinforced the need to revisit the integration of health within disaster risk reduction (DRR) strategies for biological hazards in a system-wide approach. In November 2020, DRR experts attended the Asia-Pacific Partnership for Disaster Risk Reduction (APP-DRR) Forum to share progress and learnings in the areas of health system resilience, data management, residual risk management, risk communication, digital literacy, and knowledge product marketing. Advancements for health in DRR included the importance of multi-sectoral, multi-hazard action plans; adaptation to technological advancements in data collection, dissemination and protection; promoting the health and wellbeing of essential and nonprofessional workers; and improving inclusivity in digital literacy. COVID-19 has affected progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and created a unique opportunity within DRR to re-evaluate the adequacy of response mechanisms against concurrent, cascading or interacting risks of future biological hazards. Health emergency disaster risk management (Health-EDRM) is a new World Health Organization paradigm that includes DRR at intra-, inter- and multidisciplinary levels. Scientific advancement under Health-EDRM is necessary for health and non-health actors in DRR education and research. Continuous education on the multifaceted risk governance is a key to building awareness, capacity and accelerating towards achieving the international DRR and the SDG targets.

scholarly journals From Science to Policy and Practice: A Critical Assessment of Knowledge Management Before, During, and After Environmental Public Health Disasters

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (s1) ◽  
pp. s73-s74
Author(s):  
Mélissa Généreux ◽  
Marc Lafontaine ◽  
Angela Eykelbosh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
World Health ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Environmental Public Health ◽  
Wide Range

Introduction:Canada, like many countries, increasingly faces environmental public health (EPH) disasters. Such disasters often require both short- and long-term responses, necessitate evacuation and relocation, cause major environmental impacts, and generate the need for specific knowledge and expertise (chemistry, epidemiology, risk assessment, mental health, etc.).Aim:Given the importance of evidence-based, risk-informed decision making, we aimed to critically assess the integration of EPH expertise and research into each phase of disaster risk management in several Canadian and other jurisdictions.Methods:In-depth interviews were conducted with 23 leaders in disaster risk management from Canada, United States, United Kingdom, and Australia, and were complemented by other methods (i.e. participant observation, information gathered from participation in scientific events, and document review). Three criteria were explored: governance, knowledge creation and translation, and related needs and barriers. An interview guide was developed based on a standardized toolkit from the World Health Organization. Data were analyzed through a four-step content analysis.Results:Six cross-cutting themes emerged from the analysis. These themes are identified as critical factors in successful disaster knowledge management: 1) blending the best of traditional and modern approaches, 2) fostering community engagement; 3) cultivating relationships, 4) investing in preparedness and recovery, 5) putting knowledge into practice, and 6) ensuring sufficient human and financial resources. A wide range of promising knowledge-to-action strategies was also identified, including mentorship programs, communities of practice, advisory groups, systematized learning, and comprehensive repositories of tools and resources.Discussion:There is no single roadmap to incorporate EPH knowledge and expertise into disaster risk management. Our findings suggest that beyond structures and plans, it is necessary to cultivate relationships and share responsibility for ensuring the safety, health, and wellbeing of affected communities while respecting the local culture, capacity, and autonomy. Any such considerations should be incorporated into disaster risk management planning.

The Evolution of Disaster Risk Management: Historical Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Elham Rajabi ◽  
Jafar Bazyar ◽  
Vahid Delshad ◽  
Hamid Reza Khankeh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Civil Defense ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Narrative Literature Review

Abstract The concept of Disaster Risk Management (DRM) has changed throughout history. Identifying changes and related factors can be effective in adopting logical, scientific and evidence-based approaches in the future. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of depicting the process of changes in the concept of DRM and creating an original perspective. In this narrative literature review study, we used historical approach. Literature, regardless of the time of publication, was searched using divergent keywords including “disaster, health, emergency, management, risk, disaster medicine, and hazard.” DRM evolution started with the emergence of civil defense during the last century. Although DRM was initially focused on responses, currently, this concept includes disaster risk reduction (DRR) and disaster management. DRR includes prevention and mitigation, and disaster management includes response and recovery measures. DRR considering underlying risk factors such as social factors, and focusing on participation of communities are important steps to be taken.

scholarly journals The Paradoxical Effects of Uncertainty: A perspective of South Africa’s Risk Adjusted Strategy on COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-63
Author(s):  
Jeremiah Kau Makokoane
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
World Health ◽  
Strategy Execution ◽  
Paradoxical Effects

The emergence of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 which causes the COVID-19 disease was on 11 March 2020 declared a public health pandemic by the World Health Organization since it threatens human life and livelihood. Covid-19 which originates from China has stretched across nations globally from the end of 2019. In administering public policy of affected countries each government has adopted a counter strategy of containing this biological outbreak. The consequential effects are restricted movements on socio-economic activities. Thus, this paper provides theory development of a cross-disciplinary study drawing upon insights from literature on uncertainty and disaster risk management that is integrated with system theory, adaptive systems and practices as well as decision-making philosophy. That provides a basis for exploration of international perspectives on disaster risk reduction methods to combat the Covid-19 pandemic. Following, this paper explains the formulation of the South Africa’s Risk Adjusted Strategy. The collected scientific data and associated information enable risk analysis experts and key stakeholders to empower political decision-making in strategy execution. The anticipated strategic interventions are to alleviate a debilitating socio-economic situation by public policy and adaptation strategies towards a return to socio-economic normalcy. However, the potential paradoxical effects of COVID-19 are expected to create an ambivalent attitude to strategic interventions and decision-making by authorities. Thus, this paper seeks to explore the theoretical and practical ramifications of the systemic change and adaptable disaster risk strategy of South Africa within the context of disaster risk management and under extraordinary situations of uncertainty during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Disaster Risk Management and Reconstruction in Latin America

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bárbara Montoro ◽  
Pedro Ferradas ◽  
Miguel Muñoz ◽  
Douglas Azabache ◽  
Orlando Chuquisengo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management
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