scholarly journals Evolution of Groundwater in Yinchuan Oasis at the Upper Reaches of the Yellow River after Water-Saving Transformation and Its Driving Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1304
Author(s):  
Lina Mi ◽  
Juncang Tian ◽  
Jianning Si ◽  
Yuchun Chen ◽  
Yinghai Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Irrigation Period

In recent years, the amount of water diverted from the Yellow River has been decreasing year by year, which is the biggest problem for the development and utilization of water resources in Yinchuan Oasis (YCO). Through the implementation of the Agricultural Water-saving Transformation Project (AWSTP), water resource shortage in the YCO has been alleviated greatly, and ecological degradation problems, such as soil salinization, have also been effectively addressed. However, how the shallow groundwater in YCO has changed after the AWSTP remains unclear. This paper, based on a lot of statistical data and measured data, and by using statistical and geostatistical methods, reveals the evolution of shallow groundwater in YCO in the past 18 years (2000–2017), since the implementation of the AWSTP and its driving factors, from two aspects: groundwater dynamics and groundwater quality. The results show that compared with the initial stage of AWSTP, the amount of water diverted from the Yellow River for the YCO reduced by 36%, and accordingly, the average groundwater depth in the irrigation period increased from 0.98 m to 2.01 m, representing an increase of 1.03 m, and an average annual increase of 6cm. Moreover, the depth increase in the irrigation period is higher than that in the non-irrigation period, and that in the Northern Irrigation Area (NIA) is higher than that in the Southern Irrigation Area (SIA). Furthermore, the groundwater storage is decreasing at a rate of 855.6 × 104 m3·a−1, and the cumulative storage has reduced by nearly 1.54 × 108 m3, indicating that it is in a long-term negative equilibrium. In terms of temporal and spatial distribution of total dissolved solids (TDS) in groundwater, the TDS in SIA and NIA decreased from 1.41 g·L−1 and 1.84 g·L−1 to 1.15 g·L−1 and 1.77 g·L−1, respectively. The saline water area with a TDS above 5 g·L−1 and the freshwater area with a TDS below 1 g·L−1 decreased by 16.6 km2 and 334.4 km2, respectively, while the brackish water area with a TDS of 1~3 g·L−1 increased by 492 km2. The spatial and temporal distribution heterogeneity of TDS in groundwater is reduced and is in a slight desalinized trend overall. However, the groundwater in some areas, such as the Xingqing District, Jinfeng District, Xixia District, Yongning County, Helan County and Huinong District of Yinchuan Oasis, is at risk of further salinization. Due to the agricultural water-saving caused by the reduction of water amount diverted from the Yellow River, the groundwater recharge in YCO was reduced by 36.3%, which, together with measures such as drainage, groundwater exploitation, and industrial restructuring, drives the groundwater circulation in the YCO to a new equilibrium. This study can help us to understand the influencing process and mechanism of agricultural water-saving on groundwater systems in YCO and provide reference for efficient use and optimal allocation and management of agricultural water resources.

Study on Calculation Methods of Agricultural Water Supply Cost in the Plain Irrigation Area of the Yellow River

2012 ◽  
Vol 212-213 ◽  
pp. 498-501
Author(s):  
Rui Guo ◽  
Sheng Le Cao
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Water Pricing ◽  
Water Price ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Agricultural Water Supply

Scientific and reasonable water price is the foundation of beneficial operation of water supply project, and water pricing is on the basis of per cubic meter water supply cost. According to characteristics of water supply project in the plain irrigation area of the Yellow River, a research on calculation methods of agricultural water supply cost is made. Calculation formulas of project lines are put forward and an example was given.

Research on Water Saving Irrigation and Optimal Allocation of Water Resources

2014 ◽  
Vol 522-524 ◽  
pp. 1000-1004
Author(s):  
Chang Hu ◽  
Dang Sheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Programming Problem ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Agricultural Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Decision Variables

The agricultural irrigation water of Kaifeng is mainly supplied by the Yellow River and the local underground water. According to the conditions of irrigation area water supply and groundwater reduction for many years, the paper puts forward the optimal allocation and the supplying water programs on using combination of surface water and groundwater. By using variable one-dimensional search technology, the nonlinear programming problem will be turned into linear programming problem. Thus, choose different decision variables and different parameters to use computing in order to get to approach the optimal allocation of water resources.

scholarly journals Chemical Characteristics And Factors Affecting Groundwater Chemistry From The Yellow River Irrigation Area In Tumochuan Plain In The Middle And Upper Reaches of The Yellow River Basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zihe Wang ◽  
Jing Jin ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Tenglin Deng ◽  
Yiping Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Yellow River Basin ◽  
Chemical Constituent ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Irrigation Period ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
The Yellow River Basin

Abstract The Yellow River irrigation area in Tumochuan Plain is one of the primary grain production areas in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River Basin (YRB). The groundwater in the area is bitter and salty, which significantly influences drinking water safety of residents. To investigate its chemical characteristics and material sources, we collected 12 groundwater samplings, 3 irrigation water samplings, and 1 precipitation sample during the winter irrigation period (WIP) in November 2016 and the spring irrigation period (SIP) in April 2017, respectively. We then analysed the hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes and hydrochemical characteristics of the shallow groundwater in the study area and investigated their affecting factors by using environmental isotopes, Gibbs diagrams, Schoeller diagrams, and ion proportionality coefficient analysis. Next, we qualitatively analysed the material sources. The results show the followings: (1) The concentrations of major ions in groundwater in the SIP are generally higher than in the WIP, which may be recharged by snow melting water in the spring. (2) The average values of δD and δ18O for the groundwater are -78.0‰ and -10.3‰, respectively, in the WIP and -77.4‰ and -10.3‰, respectively, in the SIP. However, the characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in the groundwater are almost identical in the WIP and SIP. (3) The formation of groundwater chemical constituent are controlled by evaporation concentration and lixiviation, and dissolution of evaporite and mirabilite is the most important factor. Synchronously, the formation of groundwater chemical constituent is also influenced ion exchange and human activities. The study provides effective guidance for groundwater resource development in arid and semi-arid regions.

scholarly journals Virtual Water Trade in the Yellow River Economic Belt: A Multi-Regional Input-Output Model

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 748
Author(s):  
Ming Li ◽  
Qingsong Tian ◽  
Yan Yu ◽  
Yueyan Xu ◽  
Chongguang Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Virtual Water Trade

The sustainable and efficient use of water resources has gained wide social concern, and the key point is to investigate the virtual water trade of the water-scarcity region and optimize water resources allocation. In this paper, we apply a multi-regional input-output model to analyze patterns and the spillover risks of the interprovincial virtual water trade in the Yellow River Economic Belt, China. The results show that: (1) The agriculture and supply sector as well as electricity and hot water production own the largest total water use coefficient, being high-risk water use sectors in the Yellow River Economic Belt. These two sectors also play a major role in the inflow and outflow of virtual water; (2) The overall situation of the Yellow River Economic Belt is virtual water inflow, but the pattern of virtual water trade between eastern and western provinces is quite different. Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi, and Inner Mongolia belong to the virtual water net inflow area, while the virtual water net outflow regions are concentrated in Shanxi, Gansu, Xinjiang, Ningxia, and Qinghai; (3) Due to higher water resource stress, Shandong and Shanxi suffer a higher cumulative risk through virtual water trade. Also, Shandong, Henan, and Inner Mongolia have a higher spillover risk to other provinces in the Yellow River Economic Belt.

Exploring Northwest China's agricultural water-saving strategy: analysis of water use efficiency based on an SE-DEA model conducted in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 1106-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Mu ◽  
L. Fang ◽  
H. Wang ◽  
L. Chen ◽  
Y. Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Use Efficiency

Worldwide, water scarcity threatens delivery of water to urban centers. Increasing water use efficiency (WUE) is often recommended to reduce water demand, especially in water-scarce areas. In this paper, agricultural water use efficiency (AWUE) is examined using the super-efficient data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach in Xi'an in Northwest China at a temporal and spatial level. The grey systems analysis technique was then adopted to identify the factors that influenced the efficiency differentials under the shortage of water resources. From the perspective of temporal scales, the AWUE increased year by year during 2004–2012, and the highest (2.05) was obtained in 2009. Additionally, the AWUE was the best in the urban area at the spatial scale. Moreover, the key influencing factors of the AWUE are the financial situations and agricultural water-saving technology. Finally, we identified several knowledge gaps and proposed water-saving strategies for increasing AWUE and reducing its water demand by: (1) improving irrigation practices (timing and amounts) based on compatible water-saving techniques; (2) maximizing regional WUE by managing water resources and allocation at regional scales as well as enhancing coordination among Chinese water governance institutes.

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