scholarly journals Marek’s Disease Virus Regulates the Ubiquitylome of Chicken CD4+ T Cells to Promote Tumorigenesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolu Zhou ◽  
Shanli Wu ◽  
Hongda Zhou ◽  
Mengyun Wang ◽  
Menghan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Marek's Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Marek’S Disease Virus ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Lymphoma Cells ◽  
T Lymphoma Cells ◽  
T Lymphoma

Ubiquitination and deubiquitination of cellular proteins are reciprocal reactions catalyzed by ubiquitination-related enzymes and deubiquitinase (DUB) which regulate almost all cellular processes. Marek’s disease virus (MDV) encodes a viral DUB that plays an important role in the MDV pathogenicity. Chicken CD4+ T-cell lymphoma induced by MDV is a key contributor to multiple visceral tumors and immunosuppression of chickens with Marek’s disease (MD). However, alterations in the ubiquitylome of MDV-induced T lymphoma cells are still unclear. In this study, a specific antibody against K-ε-GG was used to isolate ubiquitinated peptides from CD4+ T cells and MD T lymphoma cells. Mass spectrometry was used to compare and analyze alterations in the ubiquitylome. Our results showed that the ubiquitination of 717 and 778 proteins was significantly up- and downregulated, respectively, in T lymphoma cells. MDV up- and downregulated ubiquitination of a similar percentage of proteins. The ubiquitination of transferases, especially serine/threonine kinases, was the main regulatory target of MDV. Compared with CD4+ T cells of the control group, MDV mainly altered the ubiquitylome associated with the signal transduction, immune system, cancer, and infectious disease pathways in T lymphoma cells. In these pathways, the ubiquitination of CDK1, IL-18, PRKCB, ETV6, and EST1 proteins was significantly up- or downregulated as shown by immunoblotting. The current study revealed that the MDV infection could exert a significant influence on the ubiquitylome of CD4+ T cells.

scholarly journals An Anti-Tumor Vaccine Against Marek's Disease Virus Induces Differential Activation and Memory Response of γδ T Cells and CD8 T Cells in Chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Hao ◽  
Shuai Li ◽  
Jiaqi Li ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Aijian Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Γδ T Cells ◽  
Marek's Disease Virus ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Marek’S Disease Virus ◽  
Immune Protection ◽  
Marek’S Disease

Marek's disease virus (MDV) is a highly oncogenic alphaherpesvirus that causes deadly T-cell lymphomas and serves as a natural virus-induced tumor model in chickens. The most efficacious vaccine, CVI988/Rispens (CVI988), against MD has been used for several decades. However, the mechanisms leading to protective immunity following vaccination are not fully understood. In this study, employing multi-parameter flow cytometry, we performed a comprehensive analysis of T cell responses in CVI988-vaccinated chickens. CVI988 vaccination induced significant expansion of γδ T cells and CD8α+ T cells but not CD4+ T cells in spleen, lung and blood at early time-points. The expansion of these cells was CVI988-specific as infection with very virulent MDV RB1B did not elicit expansion of either γδ or CD8α+ T cells. Phenotypic analysis showed that CVI988 vaccination elicited preferential proliferation of CD8α+ γδ T cells and CD8αα co-receptor expression was upregulated on γδ T cells and CD8α+ T cells after immunization. Additionally, cell sorting and quantitative RT-PCR showed that CVI988 vaccination activated γδ T cells and CD8α+ T cells which exhibited differential expression of cytotoxic and T cell-related cytokines. Lastly, secondary immunization with CVI988 induced the expansion of CD8+ T cells but not γδ T cells at higher magnitude, compared to primary immunization, suggesting CVI988 did induce memory CD8+ T cells but not γδ T cells in chickens. Our results, for the first time, reveal a potential role of γδ T cells in CVI988-induced immune protection and provide new insights into the mechanism of immune protection against oncogenic MDV.

Characterizaton of gamma delta T cells in Marek’s disease virus (Gallid herpesvirus 2) infection of chickens

Virology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 522 ◽  
pp. 56-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrianna M.S. Laursen ◽  
Raveendra R. Kulkarni ◽  
Khaled Taha-Abdelaziz ◽  
Brandon L. Plattner ◽  
Leah R. Read ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Gamma Delta T Cells ◽  
Marek’S Disease Virus ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Gamma Delta ◽  
Gallid Herpesvirus ◽  
Gallid Herpesvirus 2

scholarly journals Kinetic Analysis of T Cells and Antibody Production in Chickens Infected with Marek's Disease Virus.

1995 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 945-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki YAMAMOTO ◽  
Masakazu HATTORI ◽  
Kazuhiko OHASHI ◽  
Chihiro SUGIMOTO ◽  
Misao ONUMA
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Antibody Production ◽  
Marek's Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Marek’S Disease Virus ◽  
Marek’S Disease

Isolation and identification of Marek’s disease virus (MDV) from feather follicle epithelium and internal organs of diseased chickens in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Aly El-Kenawy ◽  
Mohamed El-Tholoth ◽  
Emad A
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Marek's Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Marek’S Disease Virus ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Feather Follicle ◽  
Positive Results

In the present study, a total of 16 samples including feather follicle epithelium, ovary, spleen and kidney (4 samples for each organ) were collected from diseased chicken flocks suspected to be infected with Marek’s disease virus (MDV) at Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt during the period from October 2016 to October 2017. Each sample was pooled randomly from three to five birds (90 to 360 days old). The isolation of the suspected virus from the collected samples was carried out via chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs) of 12 days old embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs). Three egg passages were carried out for each sample. Hyperimmune serum was prepared against standard MDV. MDV in both field and egg passaged samples (after 3rd passage) was identified by agar gel precipitation test (AGPT) and indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT). Molecular identification of virus was carried out by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real- time PCR in four selected samples. The results revealed that 14 samples (87.5%) including 4 (100%) samples from feather follicle epithelium, ovary and kidney and 2 (50%) samples from spleen, showed positive results in virus isolation after 3rd passage. The positive results percentage by AGPT for field samples were 50% (8 out of 16 samples), while after the 3rd passage in ECEs were 37.5% (6 out of 16 samples) and the positive results percentage by IFAT for field samples were 62.5% (10 out of 16 samples), while after the 3rd passage in ECEs were 81.25 % (13 out of 16 samples). Viral nucleic acid was detected in all selected samples by conventional and real- time PCR. The results indicate that feather follicle epithelium is the best organ for MDV detection. IFAT is superior over AGPT in virus detection. Conventional and real - time PCR could be efficiently used for molecular detection of the virus.

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