A Salivary Odorant-Binding Protein Mediates Nilaparvata lugens Feeding and Host Plant Phytohormone Suppression

Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) typically act as transporters of odor molecules and play an important role in insect host location. Here, we identified an OBP in brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens salivary glands via transcriptome sequencing. Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting analysis results showed that NlugOBP11 was highly expressed in salivary glands and secreted into rice plant during feeding, suggesting that it assists in BPH feeding on rice. Functional analysis in N. lugens saliva revealed that silencing this gene by RNA interference decreased the BPH stylet performance in the phloem of rice plants, reduced sap sucking, and ultimately led to insect death. Moreover, overexpression of NlugOBP11 in rice protoplasts or Nicotiana benthamiana leaves inhibited the production of defense-related signaling molecule salicylic acid in rice plant. The results demonstrate that NlugOBP11 is not only essential for BPH feeding, but also acts as an effector that inhibits plant defense.

Download Full-text

Behavioral changes in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, mediated by melatonin

CABI Agriculture and Bioscience ◽

10.1186/s43170-021-00035-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Longqing Shi ◽

Junian Zhang ◽

Liangmiao Qiu ◽

Zhaowei Jiang ◽

Zhenxing Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rice Plant ◽

Brown Planthopper ◽

Nilaparvata Lugens ◽

Behavioral Changes ◽

The Other ◽

Melatonin Receptor ◽

Melatonin Treatment ◽

Locomotor Pattern ◽

Locomotor Activities ◽

Locomotor Behaviors

Abstract Background Melatonin has been proved to exist and play importance roles in rice plant, such as biosynthesis and resistance. However, little is known about the function of melatonin in its monophagous pest, the brown planthopper. Methods In this study, we examined the effects of melatonin on the copulatory and locomotor behaviors of brachypterous and macropterous adult planthoppers by exposing them to melatonin, luzindole (a melatonin receptor antagonist), or a combination of melatonin and luzindole. Results A total of 68.7% of copulation events occurred at night in the control, while 31.2% occurred at night in the melatonin treatment, which led to a decrease in offspring. Brachypterous males were involved in mating events in the melatonin treatment but not in the other two treatments or the control. The daily locomotor pattern in the melatonin treatment was markedly different from that in the luzindole and melatonin and luzindole treatments. The total locomotor activities of the macropterous and brachypterous males exposed with melatonin were suppressed compared to those in the control. Melatonin significantly decreased the daytime and nighttime locomotor activities of macropterous females. In comparison, the activity of brachypterous females decreased slightly in the daytime but was more than double that of the control females at night. Conclusions Our results reveal that melatonin plays a role in the behaviors of brown planthoppers.

Download Full-text

Evolution and functional analysis of odorant‐binding proteins in three rice planthoppers: Nilaparvata lugens , Sogatella furcifera , and Laodelphax striatellus

Pest Management Science ◽

10.1002/ps.5277 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 75 (6) ◽

pp. 1606-1620 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Peng He ◽

Guang‐Lei Chen ◽

Shuo Li ◽

Jun Wang ◽

Yun‐Feng Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Analysis ◽

Binding Proteins ◽

Nilaparvata Lugens ◽

Laodelphax Striatellus ◽

Sogatella Furcifera ◽

Odorant Binding Proteins ◽

Rice Planthoppers ◽

Odorant Binding

Download Full-text

Proteomics of the Honeydew from the Brown Planthopper and Green Rice Leafhopper Reveal They Are Rich in Proteins from Insects, Rice Plant and Bacteria

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects11090582 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 582

Author(s):

Jinghua Zhu ◽

Kunmiao Zhu ◽

Liang Li ◽

Zengxin Li ◽

Weiwei Qin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Calcium Binding ◽

Rice Plant ◽

Brown Planthopper ◽

Waste Product ◽

Elongation Factor ◽

Nilaparvata Lugens ◽

Plant Responses ◽

Green Rice Leafhopper ◽

Plant Immune System

Honeydew is a watery fluid excreted by plant sap-feeding insects. It is a waste product for the insect hosts. However, it plays important roles for other organisms, such as serving as a nutritional source for beneficial insects and bacteria, as well as elicitors and effectors modulating plant responses. In this study, shotgun LC–MS/MS analyses were used to identify the proteins in the honeydew from two important rice hemipteran pests, the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens, BPH) and green rice leafhopper (Nephotettix cincticeps, GRH). A total of 277 and 210 proteins annotated to insect proteins were identified in the BPH and GRH honeydews, respectively. These included saliva proteins that may have similar functions as the saliva proteins, such as calcium-binding proteins and apolipophorin, involved in rice plant defenses. Additionally, a total of 52 and 32 Oryza proteins were identified in the BPH and GRH honeydews, respectively, some of which are involved in the plant immune system, such as Pathogen-Related Protein 10, ascorbate peroxidase, thioredoxin and glutaredoxin. Coincidently, 570 and 494 bacteria proteins were identified from the BPH and GRH honeydews, respectively, which included several well-known proteins involved in the plant immune system: elongation factor Tu, flagellin, GroEL and cold-shock proteins. The results of our study indicate that the insect honeydew is a complex fluid cocktail that contains abundant proteins from insects, plants and microbes, which may be involved in the multitrophic interactions of plants–insects–microbes.

Download Full-text