scholarly journals Differential Effects of Low and High Radiation Dose Rates on Mouse Spermatogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12834
Author(s):  
Min Ji Bae ◽  
Min Kook Kang ◽  
Yong Uk Kye ◽  
Jeong-Hwa Baek ◽  
Ye-Ji Sim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Round Spermatid ◽  
High Dose Rate ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Radiation Dose Rate ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Effects Of Radiation

The adverse effects of radiation are proportional to the total dose and dose rate. We aimed to investigate the effects of radiation dose rate on different organs in mice. The mice were subjected to low dose rate (LDR, ~3.4 mGy/h) and high dose rate (HDR, ~51 Gy/h) radiation. LDR radiation caused severe tissue toxicity, as observed in the histological analysis of testis. It adversely influenced sperm production, including sperm count and motility, and induced greater sperm abnormalities. The expression of markers of early stage spermatogonial stem cells, such as Plzf, c-Kit, and Oct4, decreased significantly after LDR irradiation, compared to that following exposure of HDR radiation, in qPCR analysis. The compositional ratios of all stages of spermatogonia and meiotic cells, except round spermatid, were considerably reduced by LDR in FACS analysis. Therefore, LDR radiation caused more adverse testicular damage than that by HDR radiation, contrary to the response observed in other organs. Therefore, the dose rate of radiation may have differential effects, depending on the organ; it is necessary to evaluate the effect of radiation in terms of radiation dose, dose rate, organ type, and other conditions.

Interstitial High Dose Rate (HDR) Brachytherapy for Early Stage Breast Cancer: A Report of 136 Cases

2007 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. S229 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Anderson ◽  
R.J. Mark ◽  
R.S. Akins ◽  
T.R. Neumann ◽  
S. Gurley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
High Dose Rate ◽  
Early Stage Breast Cancer ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hdr Brachytherapy

scholarly journals Direct radiation dose measurement of rectum during High-Dose-Rate 192Ir brachytherapy for cervical cancer treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (0) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Emi Tomita ◽  
Hiroaki Hayashi ◽  
Takashi Asahara ◽  
Kanako Sakuragawa ◽  
Yasufumi Shitakubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
High Dose Rate ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dose Measurement ◽  
Direct Radiation

Interstitial high-dose-rate brachytherapy as monotherapy for early stage prostate cancer

Brachytherapy ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Rufus J. Mark ◽  
Paul J. Anderson ◽  
Robin S. Akins ◽  
Murali Nair
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
High Dose Rate ◽  
High Dose ◽  
High Dose Rate Brachytherapy

High-dose-rate brachytherapy for vaginal cancer: Learning from treatment complications

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
W. C Tyree ◽  
H Cardenes ◽  
M Randall ◽  
L Papiez
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Late Effects ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
High Dose Rate ◽  
Vaginal Cancer ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hdr Brachytherapy ◽  
High Dose Rate Brachytherapy ◽  
Treatment Complications ◽  
Treatment Plans

Abstract.Tyree WC, Cardenes H, Randall M, Papiez L. High-dose-rate brachytherapy for vaginal cancer: learning from treatment complications.Historically, early stage vaginal cancer has been treated with low-dose-rate (LDR) brachytherapy with or without external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). Complication rates have been low and treatment efficacious. Although high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy has been used for cervical cancer in many countries for over a decade, only more recently has it been integrated into treatment plans for vaginal cancer. This paper describes three patients treated with HDR brachytherapy who experienced significant late effects. Given the very limited amount of literature regarding the use of HDR brachytherapy in vaginal cancer, this analysis potentially contributes to an understanding of treatment-related risk factors for complications among patients treated with this modality.A focused review of hospital and departmental treatment records was done on three patients treated with HDR brachytherapy. Abstracted information included clinical data, treatment parameters (technique, doses, volume, combinations with other treatments) and outcomes (local control, survival, early and late effects). A review of the available literature was also undertaken.All patients had significant complications. Although statistical correlations between treatment parameters and complications are impossible given the limited number of patients, this descriptive analysis suggests that vaginal length treated with HDR brachytherapy is a risk factor for early and late effects, that the distal vagina has a lower radiation tolerance than the upper vagina with HDR as in LDR, and that combining HDR with LDR as done in our experience carries a high risk of late toxicity.Integration of HDR brachytherapy techniques into treatment plans for early stage vaginal cancers must be done cautiously. The etiology of the significant side effects seen here is likely to be multifactorial. For users of HDR brachytherapy in vaginal cancer, there is a need to further refine and standardize treatment concepts and treatment delivery. Ideally this will be based on continued careful observation and reporting of both favorable and unfavorable outcomes and experiences.

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