scholarly journals GHz Superconducting Single-Photon Detectors for Dark Matter Search

Instruments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Federico Paolucci ◽  
Francesco Giazotto
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Transition Edge Sensor ◽  
Single Photon Detection ◽  
Photon Detectors ◽  
Dark Matter Search ◽  
Photon Detection ◽  
Transition Edge ◽  
Single Photon Detectors

The composition of dark matter is one of the puzzling topics in astrophysics. To address this issue, several experiments searching for the existence of axions have been designed, built and realized in the last twenty years. Among all the others, light shining through walls experiments promise to push the exclusion limits to lower energies. For this reason, effort is put for the development of single-photon detectors operating at frequencies <100 GHz. Here, we review recent advancements in superconducting single-photon detection. In particular, we present two sensors based on one-dimensional Josephson junctions with the capability to be in situ tuned by simple current bias: the nanoscale transition edge sensor (nano-TES) and the Josephson escape sensor (JES). These two sensors are the ideal candidates for the realization of microwave light shining through walls (LSW) experiments, since they show unprecedented frequency resolutions of about 100 GHz and 2 GHz for the nano-TES and JES, respectively.

scholarly journals Superconducting Nanowire Devices for Light Detection at the Single-Photon Level

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Stephan Steinhauer ◽  
Samuel Gyger ◽  
Ali W. Elshaari ◽  
Julien Zichi ◽  
Iman Esmaeil Zadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Single Photon Detection ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Photon Detectors ◽  
Light Detection ◽  
Photon Detection ◽  
Single Photon Detectors ◽  
Superconducting Nanowire

Superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) have become a mature technology for single-photon detection with excellent performance [...]

Ti/Au TES AS SUPERCONDUCTING DETECTOR FOR QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES

2011 ◽  
Vol 09 (supp01) ◽  
pp. 405-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. LOLLI ◽  
G. BRIDA ◽  
I. P. DEGIOVANNI ◽  
M. GRAMEGNA ◽  
E. MONTICONE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Transition Edge Sensor ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Single Photons ◽  
Photon Detectors ◽  
Preliminary Measurement ◽  
Transition Edge ◽  
Visible Wavelength Range ◽  
Single Photon Detectors ◽  
Down Conversion

Single photon detectors are fundamental tools for quantum metrology, e.g. to calibrate both detectors and sources, as for quantum information. One of the most promising detectors able to resolve single photons is the transition-edge sensor (TES). We report our last results obtained with Ti/Au TES deposited on SiN substrate. Photon counting measurements, obtained by using pulsed sources, in the NIR-visible wavelength range, show the ability to resolve up to fourteen photons with an energy resolution of 0.44 eV at 690 nm (1.80 eV) and 0.38 eV at 1310 nm (0.95 eV), with a good linearity. A preliminary measurement obtained by using a parametric down conversion (PDC) heralded single photon source, at 812 nm (1.53 eV), is also reported.

Advances in Silicon Carbide Single Photon Detectors

2011 ◽  
Vol 679-680 ◽  
pp. 543-546
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Vert ◽  
Stanislav I. Soloviev ◽  
Peter M. Sandvik
Keyword(s):  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Optical Filter ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Single Photon Detection ◽  
Photon Detectors ◽  
Photon Detection ◽  
Solar Blind ◽  
Single Photon Detectors ◽  
Photon Detection Efficiency

We present overview of achieved results on 4H-SiC avalanche photodiodes (APDs) and arrays. Cost-effective solar-blind optical filter allows achieving high solar photon rejection ratio of more than 106 in combination with more than 40% single photon detection efficiency at 266nm. Three iterations of devices were fabricated and evaluated to compare their optical and electrical properties. Dark count rates and single photon detection efficiencies are the main characteristics compared for these three iterations of device designs.

scholarly journals Design and implementation of silicon single-photon avalanche photodiode modeling tool for QKD systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 3870
Author(s):  
Adil Fadhil Mushatet ◽  
Ahmed Ismael Khaleel ◽  
Shelan Khasro Tawfeeq
Keyword(s):  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Number ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Avalanche Photodiode ◽  
Single Photon Detection ◽  
Photon Detectors ◽  
Photon Detection ◽  
Modeling Process ◽  
Single Photon Detectors

Single-photon detection concept is the most crucial factor that determines the performance of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems. In this paper, a simulator with time domain visualizers and configurable parameters using continuous time simulation approach is presented for modeling and investigating the performance of single-photon detectors operating in Gieger mode at the wavelength of 830 nm. The widely used C30921S silicon avalanche photodiode was modeled in terms of avalanche pulse, the effect of experiment conditions such as excess voltage, temperature and average photon number on the photon detection efficiency, dark count rate and afterpulse probability. This work shows a general repeatable modeling process for significant performance evaluation. The most remarkable result emerged from the simulated data generated and detected by commercial devices is that the modeling process provides guidance for single-photon detectors design and characterization. The validation and testing results of the single-photon avalanche detectors (SPAD) simulator showed acceptable results with the theoretical and experimental results reported in related references and the device's data sheets.

An efficient performance evaluation modeling tool for SNSPD used in QKD systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (07) ◽  
pp. 1950059
Author(s):  
Adil F. Mushatet ◽  
Shelan K. Tawfeeq
Keyword(s):  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Single Photon Detection ◽  
Photon Detectors ◽  
Photon Detection ◽  
Efficient Performance ◽  
Single Photon Detectors ◽  
Dark Counts ◽  
Photon Detection Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

Single-photon detection concept is the most crucial and often difficult factor to determine the performance of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems. One solution to facilitate understanding this concept is to create a virtual environment for modeling, analyzing, and investigating the performance of single photon detectors. In this paper, a simulator for superconducting single photon detectors with time domain visualizer and configurable parameters is presented. The widely used ID281SNSPD in the QKD area was theoretically modeled in terms of pulse analysis, the impact of biasing current and the temperature on the dark counts rate and single photon-detection efficiency and influence of the number of photons per pulse on the single photon-detection efficiency. The simulated results were in good agreement with the theoretical results and the simulator demonstrated its adaptability.

Design of High Speed and High Efficiency Single-Photon Detectors Using Silicon Avalanche Photodiodes

2016 ◽  
Vol 705 ◽  
pp. 168-173
Author(s):  
Nan Zhou ◽  
Miao Qing Zhuang ◽  
Hao Liang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Avalanche Photodiodes ◽  
Single Photon Detection ◽  
Photon Detectors ◽  
Photon Detection ◽  
Single Photon Detectors ◽  
Photon Detection Efficiency

Avalanche photodiodes are crucial materials for single-photon detection. Single-photon detectors are indispensable components for optical experiments and applications such as quantum information processing and quantum communications, both of which demand high single-photon detection efficiency. The authors have first developed a silicon single-photon avalanche detector in near infrared spectrum with 1 MHz square wave gating and tested its performance. Then we have also designed a high-speed and high-efficiency silicon single-photon detection system with 152 MHz sine wave gating and improved its single-photon detection efficiency to 77.48%.

scholarly journals COSINUS: Cryogenic Calorimeters for the Direct Dark Matter Search with NaI Crystals

2020 ◽  
Vol 200 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 428-436
Author(s):  
G. Angloher ◽  
P. Carniti ◽  
I. Dafinei ◽  
N. Di Marco ◽  
A. Fuss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Transition Edge Sensor ◽  
Target Material ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Dark Matter Search ◽  
Prototype Development ◽  
Transition Edge ◽  
Nuclear Recoils ◽  
The Status ◽  
Direct Dark Matter

Abstract COSINUS (Cryogenic Observatory for SIgnatures seen in Next-generation Underground Searches) is an experiment employing cryogenic calorimeters, dedicated to direct dark matter search in underground laboratories. Its goal is to cross-check the annual modulation signal the DAMA collaboration has been detecting for about 20 years (Bernabei et al. in Nucl Part Phys Proc 303–305:74–79, 2018. 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2019.03.015) and which has been ruled out by other experiments in certain dark matter scenarios. COSINUS can provide a model-independent test by the use of the same target material (NaI), with the additional chance of discriminating $$\beta /\gamma$$ β / γ events from nuclear recoils on an event-by-event basis, by the application of a well-established temperature sensor technology developed within the CRESST collaboration. Each module is constituted by two detectors: the light detector, that is a silicon beaker equipped with a transition edge sensor (TES), and the phonon detector, a small cubic NaI crystal interfaced with a carrier of a harder material (e.g. $$\hbox {CdWO}_4$$ CdWO 4 ), also instrumented with a TES. This technology had so far never been applied to NaI crystals because of several well-known obstacles, and COSINUS is the first experiment which succeeded in operating NaI crystals as cryogenic calorimeters. Here, we present the COSINUS project, describe the achievements and the challenges of the COSINUS prototype development and discuss the status and the perspectives of this NaI-based cryogenic frontier.

scholarly journals Towards THGEM UV-photon detectors for RICH: on single-photon detection efficiency in Ne/CH4and Ne/CF4

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. P01002-P01002 ◽  
Author(s):  
C D R Azevedo ◽  
M Cortesi ◽  
A V Lyashenko ◽  
A Breskin ◽  
R Chechik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Single Photon Detection ◽  
Photon Detectors ◽  
Photon Detection ◽  
Photon Detection Efficiency
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