scholarly journals Effect of Attentional Focus Instructions on Motor Learning and Performance of Patients with Central Nervous System and Musculoskeletal Disorders: a Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Piccoli ◽  
Giacomo Rossettini ◽  
Simone Cecchetto ◽  
Antonello Viceconti ◽  
Diego Ristori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Motor Learning ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Exercise is one of the main rehabilitative interventions, commonly used to improve performance and motor learning. During the application of attentional focus strategies, External Focus of Attention (EFA) aiming at the movement effect has been reported to have more efficacy than Internal Focus of Attention (IFA) aiming at movement characteristics in healthy subjects. There are not many studies that compare the EFA and IFA instructions in people with Musculoskeletal (MSK) and Central Nervous System disorders (CNS). The purpose of this systematic review is to determine if IFA or EFA, in patients with CNS or MSK, may improve performance and have some effects on motor learning. Databases used for research: PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PEDro, PsycINFO, SCOPUS. Inclusion criteria: Randomized Controlled Trial, quasi-Randomized Controlled Trial, enrolled subjects with CNS or with MSK and compared the efficacy of EFA and IFA. The studies suggest that the EFA is better than IFA in affecting the movement execution in patients with MSK, while conflicted findings emerge in presence of CNS disorders. Studies included in the qualitative analysis showed heterogeneous methodological features in study design and conductance, so results must be interpreted with caution.

scholarly journals Switching Tenofovir/Emtricitabine/Efavirenz (TDF/FTC/EFV) to TDF/FTC/Rilpivirine vs Continuing TDF/FTC/EFV in HIV-Infected Patients With Virological Suppression: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirichai Wiriyatanakorn ◽  
Somnuek Sungkanuparph
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Virological Suppression ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Limited Setting

AbstractA randomized controlled noninferiority trial was conducted in HIV-infected patients receiving tenofovir/emtricitabine/efavirenz (TDF/FTC/EFV) with virological suppression in a resource-limited setting. Switching to TDF/FTC/rilpivirine was noninferior to continuing TDF/FTC/EFV in terms of maintaining compete viral suppression at 24 weeks and provided better lipid profiles and fewer central nervous system adverse effects.

Does focus of attention alter craniocervical flexion test motor learning? A randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 102709
Author(s):  
Maurício Scholl Schell ◽  
Francisco Xavier de Araujo ◽  
Rosicler da Rosa Almeida ◽  
Ian Sulzbacher Peroni ◽  
Carolina Gomes Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Motor Learning ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Flexion Test

A Comparison of the Electroencephalographic Spectra Modifications Induced by Diazepam and by Hydroxyzine

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 234-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
J C Pechadre ◽  
P Beudin ◽  
JF Trolese ◽  
J Y Gabet ◽  
A Eschalier
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Slow Waves ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Monitoring Response ◽  
Α Rhythm

A double-blind, randomized controlled trial using an electroencephalograph computerized analysis and cartography was carried out to investigate the spectral modifications induced by diazepam and by hydroxyzine. Without monitoring response to stimulation, the spectra found for diazepam and for hydroxyzine were qualitatively very similar, showing increase of the slow waves, reduction of the α rhythm and accentuation of the β1 rhythms. These traces suggested strongly that both drugs had produced a sedative, anti-anxiety effect. The intensity of the effect produced by 50 mg of hydroxyzine appeared to be less than that produced by 10 mg diazepam. After monitoring response to stimulation, the spectra were modified and the reactivity of the two drugs differed with regard to the slow δ, θ and α1 frequency bands. It was possible to distinguish between the sedative and anti-anxiety effects of both diazepam and hydroxyzine. Even if the two drugs had some similar effects, the mode of action in the central nervous system was certainly different, as can be seen from the characteristics of distribution of the slow waves, their reactivity and, with regard to frequency, the fluctuation of the dominant frequency of rapid rhythms.

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