scholarly journals Fungi Sensitization in Spain: Importance of the Alternaria alternata Species and Its Major Allergen Alt a 1 in the Allergenicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 631
Author(s):  
Verónica P. López Couso ◽  
Miguel Tortajada-Girbés ◽  
David Rodriguez Gil ◽  
Jorge Martínez Quesada ◽  
Ricardo Palacios Pelaez
Keyword(s):  
House Dust ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Major Allergen ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
House Dust Mites ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Fungal Allergy ◽  
Continental Area ◽  
Animal Dander

Prevalence of allergy to fungi is around 3–10%. The most prevalent species involved in sensitizations are Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus fumigatus, Cladosporium herbarum, and Penicillium notatum. Our main objective was to estimate the prevalence of fungal sensitization and its variation across Spain. Following the ICH-GCP, we recruited 1156 patients from 15 allergy departments in Spain. Hospitals were selected by bioclimatic areas. Patients underwent a skin prick test (SPT) with fungi, pollens, house dust mites, and animal dander. Specific IgE to Alternaria alternata and Alt a 1 was assessed in patients with positive SPT to fungi. Of the 233 patients (20.2%) sensitized to at least one of the five fungi tested, 162 (69.5%) were sensitized to Alternaria alternata and Alt a 1, of whom 113 (69.8%) were children; 181 (77.7%) were also polysensitized to other allergens. Alternaria alternata and Alt a 1 sensitization was present in 25.4% of patients in the Continental area, 12.0% in the Mediterranean area, 7.0% in the Semidesertic area, and 2.3% in the Oceanic area. Prevalence of sensitization to the other tested sources was 63.8% to pollens, 60.5% to house dust mite, and 38.1% to animal dander. We concluded that the prevalence of fungal allergy is increasing. Fungi are still the fourth source of allergen sensitization. Alternaria alternata sensitization is the most prevalent in allergic patients to fungi. Alt a 1 is present in almost 90% of the patients sensitized to Alternaria alternata.

scholarly journals Skin prick test positivity to house dust mites (HDM) in patients with chronic urticaria

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mounika K. ◽  
K. N. Shivaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Skin Prick Test ◽  
Chronic Urticaria ◽  
House Dust ◽  
Antigenic Property ◽  
House Dust Mites ◽  
Dust Mites ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Immunological Process ◽  
Animal Dander

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The urticaria lasting for more than 6 weeks is termed chronic urticaria. The etiology of chronic urticaria and angioedema remains uncertain in most of the patients. Aeroallergens can induce or exacerbates chronic urticaria. The common aeroallergens are house dust mites (HDM), pollens, moulds, etc. House dust mites can trigger immunological process through ingestion, inhalation or inoculation. These mite allergens are resistant to high temperatures, and do not lose their antigenic property even on cooking. HDMs can also cause worsening of existing atopic dermatitis. Skin test with HDMs is well known to cause irritation due to their proteolytic enzymes.The study was undertaken with the objective to study the skin prick test positivity to house dust mites in patients with chronic urticaria<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study was done on 56 consecutive patients of clinically diagnosed cases of chronic urticaria attending the OPD. The skin prick test was done according to the standard protocol.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> We had a total of 56 patients with chronic urticaria, of which males were 30 and females were 26 with a male to female ratio of 1:0.8. Of the 56 patients with chronic urticaria skin prick test to HDM was seen in 8 (14.2%) patients. <em>D. pteronysinnus</em> 6 (10.7%) constituted the majority among the HDM positivity followed by <em>D. farinae</em> 2(3.5%). We also found skin prick test positivity to pollens, moulds and animal dander in 5, 4 and 2 patients respectively<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> House dust mites can cause or trigger the urticarial symptoms and one should consider to do skin prick test to HDM in identifying the cause and thereby reliving the symptoms of urticaria on its avoidance<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>

Correlation Between Density of House Dust Mites and Recurrence of Urticaria

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 511
Author(s):  
Gardenia Akhyar ◽  
Rahma Ledika Veroci
Keyword(s):  
Skin Prick Test ◽  
House Dust ◽  
House Dust Mites ◽  
Dust Mites ◽  
Prick Test

Beberapa kasus urtikaria pada paparan debu dan diantaranya menghubungkan sensitivitas tungau debu rumah (TDR) dengan urtikaria berdasarkan riwayat pasien dan pemeriksaan uji intradermal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan korelasi antara kepadatan TDR dan rekurensi urtikaria. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini 30 orang. Kepadatan TDR dari tiap kamar sampel dihitung dengan mengumpulkan debu, dan sampel dinilai sensitivitas terhadao TDR dengan pemeriksaan skin prick test (SPT). Diagnosis urtikaria berdasarkan anamnesis, kemudian ditanyaan rekurensinya dalam tiga bulan terakhir. Hasil: Dari 30 peserta, tujuh (23,3%) sampel memiliki kepadatan TDR sedang sementara 23 (76,7%) memiliki kepadatan rendah. Selain itu, 15 sampel positif SPT terhadap alergen TDR. Dari anamnesis, 12 (40%) sampel didiagnosis urtikaria dan diantaranya, 11 orang (91,67%) positif terhadap SPT. Tidak ada sampel yang memiliki rekurensi urtikaria dalam tiga bulan terakhir. Kesimpulan: Meskipun penelitian ini tidak menunjukkan korelasi yang signifikan antara kepadatan TDR dan tingkat kekambuhan urtikaria (p> 0,05), TDR memang bisa memicu eksaserbasi. Penelitian ini membutuhkan penyelidikan lebih lanjut dengan ukuran sampel yang lebih besar.

scholarly journals Innate Immune Responses in House Dust Mite Allergy

ISRN Allergy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Jacquet
Keyword(s):  
House Dust ◽  
Molecular Model ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Allergic Response ◽  
House Dust Mites ◽  
T Cell Epitopes ◽  
House Dust Mite Allergy ◽  
Mite Allergy

Sensitizations to house dust mites (HDM) trigger strong exacerbated allergen-induced inflammation of the skin and airways mucosa from atopic subjects resulting in atopic dermatitis as well as allergic rhinitis and asthma. Initially, the Th2-biased HDM allergic response was considered to be mediated only by allergen B- and T-cell epitopes to promote allergen-specific IgE production as well as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 to recruit inflammatory cells. But this general molecular model of HDM allergenicity must be revisited as a growing literature suggests that stimulations of innate immune activation pathways by HDM allergens offer new answers to the following question: what makes an HDM allergen an allergen? Indeed, HDM is a carrier not only for allergenic proteins but also microbial adjuvant compounds, both of which are able to stimulate innate signaling pathways leading to allergy. This paper will describe the multiple ways used by HDM allergens together with microbial compounds to control the initiation of the allergic response through engagement of innate immunity.

scholarly journals Do Other Components of Bedding Dust Affect Sensitisation to House Dust Mites?

ISRN Allergy ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Claire Smith ◽  
Thorsten Stanley ◽  
Julian Crane ◽  
Robert Siebers
Keyword(s):  
Patch Test ◽  
House Dust ◽  
House Dust Mite ◽  
House Dust Mites ◽  
Dust Mites ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dust Mite ◽  
Der P 1 ◽  
Asymptomatic Subjects

Bedding dust is a mixture of many components, of which the house dust mite (HDM) allergen, Der p 1, is the most allergenic. There has been little work to investigate the effect of other bedding dust components on HDM sensitisation. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of endotoxin in bedding dust on the allergic response in HDM-sensitised individuals. Twenty-nine house dust mite-sensitised adults were skin prick and allergen patch tested against a sterile solution of their own bedding dust and against a solution containing the same concentration of Der p 1 as the bedding solution for comparison. There was no significant difference in wheal size between the diluted house dust mite solution and the bedding dust in spite of their high levels of endotoxin. Symptomatic subjects had larger, but not statistically significant, responses to commercial house dust mite solution than asymptomatic subjects. Allergen patch test responses were negative in 22/29 of subjects using either bedding dust solutions or comparable diluted house dust mite solutions. An individual's own bedding dust does not appear to contain factors that enhance skin prick test or atopy patch test responses to house dust mites.

HOUSE DUST MITE ALLERGENS: FROM NATIVE EXTRACTS TO MODIFIED PREPARATIONS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Vasilyeva ◽  
Valentina M. Berzhets ◽  
Nina S. Petrova ◽  
Svetlana V. Khlgatian ◽  
Stanislava Yu. Petrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
House Dust ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus ◽  
House Dust Mites ◽  
Dust Mites ◽  
Binding Reaction ◽  
Dust Mite ◽  
Allergenic Activity ◽  
Elisa Inhibition

The growth of allergic diseases dictates the need to develop new forms of therapeutic allergens with high immunogenic and low allergenic activity. For many years, our laboratory has been developing drugs for the diagnosis and treatment of house dust mites (HDM) allergies. The purpose of this study is to summarize the results of the five-year development of therapeutic preparations of HDM allergens. During this period, we obtained the following forms of therapeutic allergens: a granular sublingual dosage form of a mixed allergen from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der.p) and Dermatophagoides farinaе (Der.f) and a succinylated monomeric HDM allergoid Der.p. The physicochemical and immunobiological properties of the obtained preparations were studied by methods: electrophoresis in PAGE in the presence of SDS-sodium, micropoint immunoblot, ELISA, inhibition of the binding reaction of allergen-specific IgE in the sera of patients. The research results showed that the obtained preparations have a reduced allergenic and increased immunogenic activity in comparison with native extracts. The created forms of mite allergens can be further used to treat patients sensitized to HDM of the genus Dermatophagoides.

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