scholarly journals Clinical Management of Bile Duct Diseases: Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound in a Personalized Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Torsten Beyna ◽  
Christian Gerges
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Endoscopic Ultrasound ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Diagnostic Purpose ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Personalized Approach

Biliary diseases are common, but clinical symptoms are often unspecific and direct access and visualization of the biliopancreatic system for diagnostic purpose is difficult. In the last decades endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has become a primary method in the gastrointestinal tract. It significantly changed the role of endoscopy in diagnostic imaging in the gastrointestinal tract and adjacent organs. EUS has become an effective diagnostic tool in biliary stone disease as well as in the diagnosis of indeterminate biliary strictures. Furthermore, an EUS-directed transmural approach emerged as a safe and effective alternative to ERCP in patients requiring biliary drainage, in particular as a backup method if standard ERCP-approach fails. Development of new techniques, specific accessories and stents during the last decade led to an enormous step forward in terms of efficacy and safety of an EUS-directed approach. In the current article technical and clinical aspects of EUS-guided diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in different clinical indications will be discussed together with a review of the available data.

Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound to Assess and Manage Portal Hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Sidhant Singh ◽  
Saurabh Mukewar
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Endoscopic Ultrasound ◽  
Portal Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Vascular Changes ◽  
Ectopic Varices ◽  
Portal Venography ◽  
Intrahepatic Shunt

AbstractPortal hypertension leads to the development of varices along the gastrointestinal tract. Endoscopy plays an important role in the diagnosis and management of varices. Endosonography (EUS) enables visualization and permits access to varices and veins outside the gastrointestinal tract. EUS has emerged as an important tool, with the ability to identify vascular changes, treat gastric and ectopic varices, perform portal pressure measurements, portal venography, and intrahepatic shunt placement. This review discusses the role of endoscopy and the emerging role of EUS in evaluation and management of portal hypertension.

scholarly journals The Role of the Gastrointestinal System in Neuroinvasion by SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiali Xu ◽  
Zifeng Wu ◽  
Mi Zhang ◽  
Shijiang Liu ◽  
Ling Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Gastrointestinal System ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is one of the most devastating pandemics in history. SARS-CoV-2 has infected more than 100 million people worldwide, leading to more than 3.5 million deaths. Initially, the clinical symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection were thought to be restricted to the respiratory system. However, further studies have revealed that SARS-CoV-2 can also afflict multiple other organs, including the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system. The number of gastrointestinal and neurological manifestations after SARS-CoV-2 infection has been rapidly increasing. Most importantly, patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 often exhibit comorbid symptoms in the gastrointestinal and neurological systems. This review aims to explore the pathophysiological mechanisms of neuroinvasion by SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 may affect the nervous system by invading the gastrointestinal system. We hope that this review can provide novel ideas for the clinical treatment of the neurological symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and references for developing prevention and treatment strategies.

Coronavirus detection system using IoT: A design prototype

2021 ◽  
pp. 323-329
Author(s):  
Vinay Babu ◽  
Shyamsunder Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Reporting Tool ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The severity level of the epidemic situation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in respective countries is fully identified and documented now. However, the learnings from these episodes were not taken well, leading to the pandemic situation of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak. Clinical signatures for COVID-19 positive cases range from asymptotic to fever, fatigue, myalgia, shortness of breath, sore throat, pneumonia etc., making it difficult to differentiate. Amongst these common clinical signatures, anecdotal symptoms of anosmia and dysgeusia of COVID-19 cases are additional growing evidence and under consideration in “COVID-19 Anosmia Reporting Tool for Clinicians”. The role of the Internet of Things (IoT) and its uses are not new for healthcare industries now. The proposed system of COVID-19 Detection System (CDS) is based on symptoms of anosmia and dysgeusia in COVID-19 positive cases. The CDS is a flexible IoT tool to include further appropriate clinical symptoms and will serve for people having no direct access to proper medical facilities. However, scrutiny from appropriate medical agencies may be the further course of action.

The role of 7-hydroxymatairezinol in modulation of estrogen metabolism and therapy for mastopathy

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Anna N. Rubashkina ◽  
Nina P. Lapochkina ◽  
Ivan Yu. Torshin ◽  
Olga A. Gromova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Estrogen Metabolism ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Quantitative Estimates ◽  
Daily Urine ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Standard Sets

Quantitative estimates of the effect of 7-hydroxymatairesinol (7-HMR) intake on estrogen balance and clinical aspects of the course of fibrocystic mastopathy have been carried out. Aim. Assessment of effects 7-HMR on metabolism of estrogen (16a-OHE1, 2-OHE2, 2-OHE1, 2-OMEE1, 4-OMEE2, 4-OHE1, a ratio 2-OHE1/16a-OHE1, 2-OHE1/2-OMeE1 and 4-OHE1/4-OMeE1) and progesterone in daily urine at patients with fibrous and cystous mastopathy in the post-menopausal period. Materials and methods. The analysis of metabolites of estrogen (16a-OHE1, 2-OHE2, 2-OHE1, 2-OMEE1, 4-OMEE2, 4-OHE1, ratios 2-OHE1/16a-OHE1, 2-OHE1/2-OMeE1 and 4-OHE1/4-OMeE1) and progesterone in daily urine with use of solid-phase immunofermental set (IFA) of Amerscham International on the analyzer of Amerkard by means of standard sets is carried out. Statistical 10.0 and Microsoft Excel spreadsheets were used in statistical material processing. Results. It was found that taking 7-HMR (60 mg/day, 1 month) contributes to normalizing estrogen metabolism (decreasing estradiol, estrone, estriol, 16a-OHE1) and improves the clinical symptoms of mastopathy. Conclusions. In patients with FCM, 7-HMR contributes to a decrease in hyperestrogenia-related tumor risks by lowering estrogen metabolites levels.

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