scholarly journals Capital Allocation in Decentralized Businesses

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Capital Allocation ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Risk Capital ◽  
Adjusted Present Value

This paper described a theory of capital allocation for decentralized businesses, taking into account the costs associated with risk capital. We derive an adjusted present value expression for making investment decisions, that incorporates the time varying profile of risk capital. We discuss the implications for business performance measurement.

scholarly journals Covariance Principle for Capital Allocation: A Time-Varying Approach

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 2005
Author(s):  
Jilber Urbina ◽  
Miguel Santolino ◽  
Montserrat Guillen
Keyword(s):  
Capital Allocation ◽  
Investment Risk ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Conditional Correlation ◽  
Risk Capital ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Covariance Principle ◽  
Static Approach ◽  
Stock Portfolio ◽  
Over Time

The covariance allocation principle is one of the most widely used capital allocation principles in practice. Risks change over time, so capital risk allocations should be time-dependent. In this paper, we propose a dynamic covariance capital allocation principle based on the variance-covariance of risks that change over time. The conditional correlation of risks is modeled by means of a dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) model. Unlike the static approach, we show that in our dynamic capital allocation setting, the distribution of risk capital allocations can be estimated, and the expected future allocations of capital can be predicted, providing a deeper understanding of the stochastic multivariate behavior of risks. The methodology presented in the paper is illustrated with an example involving the investment risk in a stock portfolio.

scholarly journals Sharing Risk – An Economic Perspective

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 591-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Kull
Keyword(s):  
Value At Risk ◽  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Risk Measures ◽  
Insurance Industry ◽  
Risk Measure ◽  
Capital Allocation ◽  
Risk Capital ◽  
Risk Class ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Risk Transfer

AbstractWe revisit the relative retention problem originally introduced by de Finetti using concepts recently developed in risk theory and quantitative risk management. Instead of using the Variance as a risk measure we consider the Expected Shortfall (Tail-Value-at-Risk) and include capital costs and take constraints on risk capital into account. Starting from a risk-based capital allocation, the paper presents an optimization scheme for sharing risk in a multi-risk class environment. Risk sharing takes place between two portfolios and the pricing of risktransfer reflects both portfolio structures. This allows us to shed more light on the question of how optimal risk sharing is characterized in a situation where risk transfer takes place between parties employing similar risk and performance measures. Recent developments in the regulatory domain (‘risk-based supervision’) pushing for common, insurance industry-wide risk measures underline the importance of this question. The paper includes a simple non-life insurance example illustrating optimal risk transfer in terms of retentions of common reinsurance structures.

Excess Volatility in Bitcoin: Extreme Value Volatility Estimation

2021 ◽  
pp. 227797522098768
Author(s):  
Parthajit Kayal ◽  
G. Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Extreme Value ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Price Changes ◽  
Volatility Estimation ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
Rolling Window ◽  
Excess Volatility ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
Over Time

This article investigates the excess volatility in Bitcoin prices using an unbiased extreme value volatility estimator. We capture the time-varying nature of the excess volatility using bootstrap, multi-horizon, sub-sampling and rolling-window approaches. We observe that Bitcoin price changes are almost efficient. Although Bitcoin prices exhibit high volatility and show signs of excess volatility for a few periods, it is decreasing over time. After controlling for the outliers, we also notice that the Bitcoin market shows signs of increasing maturity. Overall, Bitcoin prices show a sign of increasing efficiency with decreasing volatility. Our findings have implications for investors making investment decisions and for regulators making policy choices.

scholarly journals Research on Power Grid Investment Risk of Set-Analysis Method in New Electricity Reform

2018 ◽  
Vol 227 ◽  
pp. 02017
Author(s):  
Jianchang Lu ◽  
Dandan Xing
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Investment Risk ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Profit Model ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Pair Analysis

In view of the change in the profit model of the power grid under the new power reform, If grid companies want to improve their economic efficiency, they must expand the scale of effective assets of fixed assets and increase the number of effective assets within the understanding of the demand for electricity.By determining the factors affecting the power grid investment in the new environment,a risk model for the power grid investment under the new power reform is constructed.First,this paper uses the set pair analysis method algorithm and derives the relevant formula to quantify uncertainties in grid investment risk.Then,it gets the results of the calculation of the degree of connection of each scheme and combine set pair events with a net present value less than 0 for each set evens.At last,based on the above results,we get the best investment plan.Verified by the case of the HBN grid company,it shows that the investment risk model established is feasible and can provide an appropriate reference for the new power companies to change their investment decisions.

scholarly journals DISCOVERING PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM TO EVALUATE THE EFFICIENCY OF E-BUSINESS SOLUTIONS / VEIKSMINGUMO MATAVIMO SISTEMOS PAIEŠKOS E. VERSLO NAŠUMUI ĮVERTINTI

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Uturytė-Vrubliauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Performance Measurement System ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Organization Performance ◽  
Basic Objective ◽  
Performance Measurement Systems

Despite the significant growth of information technologies investments, evidence of their influence on organization performance remains inconclusive. Nowadays it is very important to realize whether expected economic benefits of information technologies investments are being recognized in organizations. Currently organizations can no longer afford basically to lose their money in e-business initiatives without developing and using suitable metrics to measure the effectiveness of such investments and to find out the relationship between e-business and organization performance. The study describes research aimed at determining the exact nature of such e-business performance measurement systems. The basic objective of this study is to discover performance measurement system for evaluating the efficiency of e-business solutions. Santrauka Svarbiausias šiuolaikinės organizacijos tikslas – didinti verslo vertę sėkmingai taikant konkurencingas priemones. Dėl to organizacijos yra priverstos ieškoti alternatyvių būdų, kaip spręsti verslo problemas. Dabartinėje visuomenėje, vykstant sparčiai technologijų kaitai ir globalizacijos procesui, verslas ir informacinės technologijos yra neatsiejami. Organizacijos, norėdamos tinkamai valdyti duomenis, keistis jais su partneriais ieško įvairių informacinių technologijų sprendimų. Organizacijų investicijos į informacines technologijas per pastaruosius du dešimtmečius auga labai stipriai. Tačiau sudėtinga įvertinti, kokią įtaką verslo efektyvumui turi diegiamos ir naudojamos informacinės technologijos. Todėl pasaulinės konkurencinės rinkos sąlygomis veiklos vertinimas tampa svarbia ekonomine problema. Sėkmingą verslą garantuoja informacija apie kiekvieno produkto ar vartotojo pelningumą ir atskirų padalinių veiklos efektyvumą. Mokslinio tyrimo rezultatai rodo, kad trūksta galimybių įvertinti verslo veiksmingumą. Pagrindinis šio straipsnio tikslas – veiksmingumo matavimo sistemos paieškos, leidžiančios įvertinti elektroninio verslo sprendimų našumą. Atskleidžiant poreikį kurti ir diegti tokias sistemas organizacijose, įrodant, kad veiksmingumo sistemos, taikomos šiuo metu, netinka taikyti organizacijoms, jos turi būti adaptuotos ir gebėti įvertinti informacinių technologijų įtaką veiklos našumui.

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