Composite Anion-Exchange Membrane Fabricated by UV Cross-Linking Vinyl Imidazolium Poly(Phenylene Oxide) with Polyacrylamides and Their Testing for Use in Redox Flow Batteries

Composite anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) consisting of a porous substrate and a vinyl imidazolium poly(phenylene oxide) (VIMPPO)/acrylamide copolymer layer were fabricated in a straightforward process, for use in redox flow batteries. The porous substrate was coated with a mixture of VIMPPO and acrylamide monomers, then subsequently exposed to UV irradiation, in order to obtain a radically cured ion-exchange coating. Combining VIMPPO with low-value reagents allowed to significantly reduce the amount of synthesized ionomer used to fabricate the mem- brane down to 15%. Varying the VIMPPO content also allowed tuning the ionic transport properties of the resulting AEM. A series of membranes with different VIMPPO/acrylamides ratios were prepared to assess the optimal composition by studying the changes of membranes properties—water uptake, area resistivity, permeability, and chemical stability. Characterization of the membranes was followed by cycling experiments in a vanadium RFB (VRFB) cell. Among three composite membranes, the one with VIMPPO 15% w/w—reached the highest energy efficiency (75.1%) matching the performance of commercial ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) used in VRFBs (Nafion® N 115: 75.0% and Fumasep® FAP 450: 73.0%). These results showed that the proposed composite AEM, fabricated in an industrially oriented process, could be considered to be a lower-cost alternative to the benchmarked IEMs.

Download Full-text

Crosslinked anion exchange membranes prepared from poly(phenylene oxide) (PPO) for non-aqueous redox flow batteries

Journal of Power Sources ◽

10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.12.049 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 378 ◽

pp. 338-344 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Yun Li ◽

Jeroen Sniekers ◽

João C. Malaquias ◽

Cedric Van Goethem ◽

Koen Binnemans ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anion Exchange ◽

Anion Exchange Membranes ◽

Redox Flow Batteries ◽

Phenylene Oxide ◽

Flow Batteries

Download Full-text

Polyether Ether Ketone-Based Anion Exchange Membranes with Bis-imidazolium Cations for All-Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

ACS Applied Energy Materials ◽

10.1021/acsaem.1c00887 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Song Yang ◽

Xufeng Chu ◽

Bing Xue ◽

Teng Lv ◽

Bencai Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anion Exchange ◽

Anion Exchange Membranes ◽

Imidazolium Cations ◽

Redox Flow Batteries ◽

Polyether Ether Ketone ◽

Flow Batteries ◽

Ether Ketone ◽

Vanadium Redox

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Diels–Alder poly(phenylene) anion exchange membranes in all-vanadium redox flow batteries

Electrochemistry Communications ◽

10.1016/j.elecom.2014.03.010 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 63-66 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Che-Nan Sun ◽

Zhijiang Tang ◽

Cami Belcher ◽

Thomas A. Zawodzinski ◽

Cy Fujimoto

Keyword(s):

Anion Exchange ◽

Diels Alder ◽

Anion Exchange Membranes ◽

Redox Flow Batteries ◽

Flow Batteries ◽

Vanadium Redox

Download Full-text

Synthesis and investigation of imidazolium functionalized poly(arylene ether sulfone)s as anion exchange membranes for all-vanadium redox flow batteries

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c5ra25372a ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

pp. 6029-6037 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Di Lu ◽

Lele Wen ◽

Feng Nie ◽

Lixin Xue

Keyword(s):

Anion Exchange ◽

Vanadium Redox Flow Battery ◽

Anion Exchange Membranes ◽

Redox Flow Battery ◽

Flow Battery ◽

Redox Flow Batteries ◽

Arylene Ether ◽

Flow Batteries ◽

Vanadium Redox

A serials of imidazolium functionalized poly(arylene ether sulfone) as anion exchange membranes (AEMs) for all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) application are synthesized successfully in this study.

Download Full-text

Highly stable pyridinium-functionalized cross-linked anion exchange membranes for all vanadium redox flow batteries

Journal of Power Sources ◽

10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.09.065 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 331 ◽

pp. 452-461 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

L. Zeng ◽

T.S. Zhao ◽

L. Wei ◽

Y.K. Zeng ◽

Z.H. Zhang

Keyword(s):

Anion Exchange ◽

Anion Exchange Membranes ◽

Redox Flow Batteries ◽

Flow Batteries ◽

Vanadium Redox

Download Full-text

Pore-Filled Anion-Exchange Membranes with Double Cross-Linking Structure for Fuel Cells and Redox Flow Batteries

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13184761 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (18) ◽

pp. 4761

Author(s):

Do-Hyeong Kim ◽

Moon-Sung Kang

Keyword(s):

Fuel Cells ◽

Energy Conversion ◽

Anion Exchange ◽

Cross Linking ◽

Anion Exchange Membranes ◽

Porous Substrate ◽

Redox Flow Batteries ◽

Vanadium Redox ◽

Double Cross ◽

Electrochemical Energy

In this work, high-performance pore-filled anion-exchange membranes (PFAEMs) with double cross-linking structures have been successfully developed for application to promising electrochemical energy conversion systems, such as alkaline direct liquid fuel cells (ADLFCs) and vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). Specifically, two kinds of porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) substrates, with different hydrophilicities, were utilized for the membrane fabrication. The PTFE-based PFAEMs revealed, both excellent electrochemical characteristics, and chemical stability in harsh environments. It was proven that the use of a hydrophilic porous substrate is more desirable for the efficient power generation of ADLFCs, mainly owing to the facilitated transport of hydroxyl ions through the membrane, showing an excellent maximum power density of around 400 mW cm−2 at 60 °C. In the case of VRFB, however, the battery cell employing the hydrophobic PTFE-based PFAEM exhibited the highest energy efficiency (87%, cf. AMX = 82%) among the tested membranes, because the crossover rate of vanadium redox species through the membrane most significantly affects the VRFB efficiency. The results imply that the properties of a porous substrate for preparing the membranes should match the operating environment, for successful applications to electrochemical energy conversion processes.

Download Full-text

Crosslinking of comb-shaped polymer anion exchange membranes via thiol–ene click chemistry

Polymer Chemistry ◽

10.1039/c5py01911g ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (14) ◽

pp. 2464-2475 ◽

Cited By ~ 96

Author(s):

Liang Zhu ◽

Tawanda J. Zimudzi ◽

Nanwen Li ◽

Jing Pan ◽

Bencai Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fuel Cell ◽

Ion Exchange ◽

Click Chemistry ◽

Anion Exchange ◽

Quaternary Ammonium ◽

Polymer Electrolytes ◽

Anion Exchange Membranes ◽

Alkaline Fuel Cell ◽

Phenylene Oxide ◽

Durable Polymer

To produce anion conductive and durable polymer electrolytes for alkaline fuel cell applications, a series of cross-linked quaternary ammonium functionalized poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)s with mass-based ion exchange capacities (IEC) ranging from 1.80 to 2.55 mmol g−1 were synthesized via thiol–ene click chemistry.

Download Full-text