scholarly journals Optical Sensitivity of Waveguides Inscribed in Nanoporous Silicate Framework

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Zhong Lijing ◽  
Roman A. Zakoldaev ◽  
Maksim M. Sergeev ◽  
Andrey B. Petrov ◽  
Vadim P. Veiko ◽  
...  

Laser direct writing technique in glass is a powerful tool for various waveguides’ fabrication that highly develop the element base for designing photonic devices. We apply this technique to fabricate waveguides in porous glass (PG). Nanoporous optical materials for the inscription can elevate the sensing ability of such waveguides to higher standards. The waveguides were fabricated by a single-scan approach with femtosecond laser pulses in the densification mode, which resulted in the formation of a core and cladding. Experimental studies revealed three types of waveguides and quantified the refractive index contrast (up to Δn = 1.2·10−2) accompanied with ~1.2 dB/cm insertion losses. The waveguides demonstrated the sensitivity to small objects captured by the nanoporous framework. We noticed that the deposited ethanol molecules (3 µL) on the PG surface influence the waveguide optical properties indicating the penetration of the molecule to its cladding. Continuous monitoring of the output near field intensity distribution allowed us to determine the response time (6 s) of the waveguide buried at 400 µm below the glass surface. We found that the minimum distinguishable change of the refractive index contrast is 2 × 10−4. The results obtained pave the way to consider the waveguides inscribed into PG as primary transducers for sensor applications.

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (24) ◽  
pp. 5248 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Toney Fernandez ◽  
P. Haro-González ◽  
B. Sotillo ◽  
M. Hernandez ◽  
D. Jaque ◽  
...  

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 425-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHUANGCHEN RUAN ◽  
YI HUANG ◽  
CHENLIN DU ◽  
YONGQIN YU

Femtosecond laser pulses with ultrashort time duration and ultrahigh peak power can cause the refractive index change in transparent materials and micron scale machining precision. Long period fiber gratings (LPFGs) with different periods and different grating lengths in the standard single mode fiber were fabricated, using laser direct writing method, by femtosecond laser pulses with pulse width of 200 fs at a center wavelength of 800 nm in air. The transmission spectra were studied in the range of 1510 nm to 1610 nm. Two LPFGs with period of 400 μm, and 550 μm, respectively fabricated with same irradiation power of 275 mW, were shown. The loss peak of 1552 nm, the transmission loss of 16 dB and the FWHM of 20 nm were obtained when the period of LPFG was 400 μm, while the loss peak of 1588 nm, the transmission loss of 20 dB and the FWHM of 25 nm were achieved when the period of LPFG was 550 μm. According to the theory of mode field coupling for long period grating, it was indicated that the modulation of refractive index Δn was in the level of 10-2.


2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balpreet Singh Ahluwalia ◽  
Olav Gaute Hellesø ◽  
Ananth Z. Subramanian ◽  
James S. Wilkinson ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
...  

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazli Rahmanian ◽  
Seunghyun Kim ◽  
Yongbin Lin ◽  
Gregory P. Nordin

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vygantas Mizeikis ◽  
Vytautas Purlys ◽  
Lina Maigyte ◽  
Kestutis Staliunas ◽  
Saulius Juodkazis

Optik ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 231-238
Author(s):  
Jianyu Zhou ◽  
Tian Sang ◽  
Junlang Li ◽  
La Wang ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
...  

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