scholarly journals Hitching a Ride: Examining the Ability of a Specialist Baculovirus to Translocate through Its Insect Host’s Food Plant

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1500
Author(s):  
Peter P. Issa ◽  
Michael Garvey ◽  
Scott Grimmell ◽  
Pramod Pantha ◽  
Maheshi Dassanayake ◽  
...  

Plant vascular systems can translocate the entomopathogen Bacillus thuringiensis from the soil into plant tissues. However, whether other soil dwelling entomopathogens utilize plant vascular tissue for movement has not yet been fully explored. We used Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SfMNPV) to evaluate whether baculoviruses, a common entomopathogen and bioinsecticide, can be transported through the plant vascular pathways of Zea mays. We found that our treatments did not allow a sufficient virus translocation into the plant to induce a lethal infection in insects, which was confirmed by a molecular analysis. While other entomopathogens translocate, baculoviruses may not be one of them.

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Andres Drouet Candell

El maíz es uno de los principales cultivos que se siembra en el litoral ecuatoriano, atacado fundamentalmente por  Spodoptera frugiperda.  Por lo que esta investigación tiene como objetivo evaluar el efecto de la aplicación de Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) en el control del gusano cogollero (Spodoptera frugiperda) del híbrido de maíz (Zea mays) INIAP H-551 en la comuna Río Verde provincia de Santa Elena. Se realizó una investigación aplicada y experimental, en la que se estudiaron dos variables: el efecto del BT sobre el cogollero y la población del cogollero en el cultivo de maíz. Se establecieron siete tratamientos, con cinco dosis diferentes de BT, las dosis fueron comparadas con dos tratamientos, uno químico y el tratamiento testigo. Se demostró que el testigo absoluto fue el tratamiento más atacado y que las aplicaciones de BT  y de cipermetrina no permitieron que se llegara al umbral de daño económico del cultivo. Se recomienda emplear el BT como una alternativa tecnológica limpia para el control del gusano cogollero, con el fin de disminuir la contaminación de los suelos y las aguas, así como evitar que se introduzcan sustancias nocivas en la cadena alimenticia. ABSTRACT Corn is a major crop that is planted in the Ecuadorian coastline, primarily attacked by Spodoptera frugiperda. So, this research aims to evaluate the effect of the application of Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) in controlling fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) of hybrid corn (Zea mays) INIAP H-551 in Rio Verde commune province of Santa Elena. An applied and experimental research was conducted in which two variables were studied: the effect on BT armyworm and fall armyworm population in maize. Seven treatments were established with five different doses of BT, doses were compared with two treatments, one chemical and the control treatment. It was demonstrated that the absolute control was the most targeted treatment and applications of BT and cypermethrin did not allow it reached the threshold of economic damage to the crop. It is recommended to use BT technology as a clean alternative for armyworm control in order to reduce contamination of soil and water, as well as prevent harmful substances entering the food chain.


1998 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana C. Simões ◽  
Ivan Cruz ◽  
Luis O. Salgado

O predador Doru luteipes (Scudder) é um dos principais reguladores da população de Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) e Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) na cultura de milho (Zea mays). O objetivo do trabalho foi estudar a seletividade de cinco inseticidas químicos (deltametrina, lambdacialotrina, permetrina, diflubenzuron e triflumuron) e dois microbianos [Baculovirus e Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner)] sobre as diferentes fases de desenvolvimento do predador. Ovos e ninfas dos quatro ínstares receberam os inseticidas diretamente através de um pulverizador acoplado a uma esteira rolante. Adultos do predador receberam como alimento posturas de S. frugiperda, que foram pulverizadas com os diferentes inseticidas. Para os ovos, houve um efeito letal pronunciado com os inibidores de crescimento diflubenzuron (81,8% de mortalidade) e triflumuron (78,6%), sendo este também tóxico para os ínstares ninfais (69,6%). Os inseticidas biológicos Baculovirus e B. thuringiensis foram seletivos a todas as fases do predador. A sobrevivência do predador aos inseticidas foi crescente com o instar do inseto (S = 39,5 + 7,79 I, R2² = 0,87). Os adultos foram tolerantes a todos os inseticidas (95,3% de sobrevivência).


2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Hercos Valicente ◽  
Edgard Augusto de Toledo Picoli ◽  
Maria José Vilaça de Vasconcelos ◽  
Newton Portilho Carneiro ◽  
Andréia Almeida Carneiro ◽  
...  

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (16) ◽  
pp. 7897-7904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oihane Simón ◽  
Trevor Williams ◽  
Aaron C. Asensio ◽  
Sarhay Ros ◽  
Andrea Gaya ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT The genome of Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) was inserted into a bacmid (Sfbac) and used to produce a mutant lacking open reading frame 29 (Sf29null). Sf29null bacmid DNA was able to generate an infection in S. frugiperda. Approximately six times less DNA was present in occlusion bodies (OBs) produced by the Sf29null bacmid in comparison to viruses containing this gene. This reduction in DNA content was consistent with fewer virus particles being packaged within Sf29null bacmid OBs, as determined by fractionation of dissolved polyhedra and comparison of occlusion-derived virus (ODV) infectivity in cell culture. DNA from Sfbac, Sf29null, or Sf29null-repair, in which the gene deletion had been repaired, were equally infectious when used to transfect S. frugiperda. All three viruses produced similar numbers of OBs, although those from Sf29null were 10-fold less infectious than viruses with the gene. Insects infected with Sf29null bacmid died ∼24 h later than positive controls, consistent with the reduced virus particle content of Sf29null OBs. Transcripts from Sf29 were detected in infected insects 12 h prior to those from the polyhedrin gene. Homologs to Sf29 were present in other group II NPVs, and similar sequences were present in entomopoxviruses. Analysis of the Sf29 predicted protein sequence revealed signal peptide and transmembrane domains, but the presence of 12 potential N-glycosylation sites suggest that it is not an ODV envelope protein. Other motifs, including zinc-binding and threonine-rich regions, suggest degradation and adhesion functions. We conclude that Sf29 is a viral factor that determines the number of ODVs occluded in each OB.


1985 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Pereira ◽  
Zsuzsanna Schwarz-Sommer ◽  
Alfons Gierl ◽  
Isolde Bertram ◽  
Peter A. Peterson ◽  
...  

1991 ◽  
pp. 747-755
Author(s):  
Udo Wienand ◽  
Brian Scheffler ◽  
Philipp Franken ◽  
Andreas Schrell ◽  
Ursula Niesbach-Klösgen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia del Valle Loto ◽  
Alfonso Emanuel Carrizo ◽  
Cintia Mariana Romero ◽  
Mario Domingo Baigorí ◽  
Licia María Pera

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