scholarly journals Assessment of Global FY-3C/VIRR Sea Surface Temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3249
Author(s):  
Ninghui Li ◽  
Sujuan Wang ◽  
Lei Guan ◽  
Mingkun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Spatial Window ◽  
Meteorological Satellite ◽  
Buoy Measurements ◽  
Infrared Radiometer

Fengyun-3C (FY-3C) is a second-generation meteorological satellite of China that was launched on 23 September 2013. The on board Visible and Infrared Radiometer (VIRR) can be used to observe global sea surface temperature (SST). In this paper, the VIRR SST products are compared with MODIS SST products and buoy measurements from 2015 to 2019. The collocations of VIRR, MODIS, and buoy SST are generated separately during the day and night with the spatial window of 0.05° × 0.05°. The comparison results show that the biases of VIRR SST minus buoy SST during the day and night are −0.21 and −0.13 °C with a corresponding robust standard deviation (RSD) of 0.58 and 0.59 °C, respectively. The mean differences between VIRR and MODIS are −0.10 and 0.08 °C with RSDs of 0.53 and 0.58 °C for the daytime and nighttime, respectively. The consistency of VIRR SST accuracy from 2015 to 2019 and the dependence of VIRR SST error on SST and latitude are also investigated.

scholarly journals Sea Surface Temperature Retrieval from the First Korean Geostationary Satellite COMS Data: Validation and Error Assessment

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye-Jin Woo ◽  
Kyung-Ae Park ◽  
Xiaofeng Li ◽  
Eun-Young Lee
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Geostationary Satellite ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Surface Drifter ◽  
Temperature Retrieval ◽  
Buoy Data ◽  
Continuous Use ◽  
Meteorological Satellite ◽  
Surface Drifting Buoy

Korea’s first geostationary satellite, the “Communication, Ocean, and Meteorological Satellite” (COMS), has been operating since 2010. The Meteorological Imager (MI), an sensor on-board the COMS, has observed sea-surface radiances for the estimation of sea surface temperature (SST) in the western Pacific Ocean and eastern Indian Ocean. To derive the SST coefficients of COMS, quality-controlled surface drifting buoy data were collected for the period of April 2011 to March 2015. A collocation procedure between COMS/MI data and the surface drifter data produced a matchup database for 4 years from 2011 to 2015. The coefficients for the COMS/MI SST were derived by applying appropriate algorithms, i.e., the Multi-channel SST (MCSST) and Non-linear SST (NLSST) algorithms, for daytime and nighttime data using a regression method. Validation results suggest the possibility of the continuous use of the coefficients as representative SST coefficients of COMS. The estimated SSTs near the edge of a full disk with high satellite zenith angles over 60° revealed relatively large errors compared to drifter temperatures. Most of NLSST formulations exhibited overestimation of SSTs at low SSTs (<10 °C). This study suggests an approach by which SST can be measured accurately in order to contribute to tracking climate change.

scholarly journals Satellite-based time-series of sea-surface temperature since 1981 for climate applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Merchant ◽  
Owen Embury ◽  
Claire E. Bulgin ◽  
Thomas Block ◽  
Gary K. Corlett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Data Record ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Climate Data Record

Abstract A climate data record of global sea surface temperature (SST) spanning 1981–2016 has been developed from 4 × 1012 satellite measurements of thermal infra-red radiance. The spatial area represented by pixel SST estimates is between 1 km2 and 45 km2. The mean density of good-quality observations is 13 km−2 yr−1. SST uncertainty is evaluated per datum, the median uncertainty for pixel SSTs being 0.18 K. Multi-annual observational stability relative to drifting buoy measurements is within 0.003 K yr−1 of zero with high confidence, despite maximal independence from in situ SSTs over the latter two decades of the record. Data are provided at native resolution, gridded at 0.05° latitude-longitude resolution (individual sensors), and aggregated and gap-filled on a daily 0.05° grid. Skin SSTs, depth-adjusted SSTs de-aliased with respect to the diurnal cycle, and SST anomalies are provided. Target applications of the dataset include: climate and ocean model evaluation; quantification of marine change and variability (including marine heatwaves); climate and ocean-atmosphere processes; and specific applications in ocean ecology, oceanography and geophysics.

What Controls the Mean East–West Sea Surface Temperature Gradient in the Equatorial Pacific: The Role of Cloud Albedo

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 2757-2778 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Burls ◽  
A. V. Fedorov
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Walker Circulation ◽  
Equatorial Pacific ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature Gradient ◽  
The Mean ◽  
East West ◽  
Surface Temperature Gradient

Abstract The mean east–west sea surface temperature gradient along the equator is a key feature of tropical climate. Tightly coupled to the atmospheric Walker circulation and the oceanic east–west thermocline tilt, it effectively defines tropical climate conditions. In the Pacific, its presence permits the El Niño–Southern Oscillation phenomenon. What determines this temperature gradient within the fully coupled ocean–atmosphere system is therefore a central question in climate dynamics, critical for understanding past and future climates. Using a comprehensive coupled model [Community Earth System Model (CESM)], the authors demonstrate how the meridional gradient in cloud albedo between the tropics and midlatitudes (Δα) sets the mean east–west sea surface temperature gradient in the equatorial Pacific. To change Δα in the numerical experiments, the authors change the optical properties of clouds by modifying the atmospheric water path, but only in the shortwave radiation scheme of the model. When Δα is varied from approximately −0.15 to 0.1, the east–west SST contrast in the equatorial Pacific reduces from 7.5°C to less than 1°C and the Walker circulation nearly collapses. These experiments reveal a near-linear dependence between Δα and the zonal temperature gradient, which generally agrees with results from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) preindustrial control simulations. The authors explain the close relation between the two variables using an energy balance model incorporating the essential dynamics of the warm pool, cold tongue, and Walker circulation complex.

scholarly journals Impact of the sea surface temperature forcing on hindcasts of Madden-Julian Oscillation events using the ECMWF model

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2535-2559
Author(s):  
E. de Boisséson ◽  
M. A. Balmaseda ◽  
F. Vitart ◽  
K. Mogensen
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Phase Relationship ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Madden Julian Oscillation ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Skill Scores ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ecmwf Model ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. This paper explores the sensitivity of the prediction of Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO) events to different aspects of the sea surface temperature (SST) in the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) model. The impact of temporal resolution of SST on the MJO is first evaluated via a set of monthly hindcast experiments. The experiments are conducted with an atmosphere forced by persisted SST anomalies, monthly and weekly SSTs. Skill scores are clearly degraded when weekly SSTs are replaced by monthly values or persisted anomalies. The new high resolution OSTIA SST daily reanalysis would in principle allow to establish the impact of daily versus weekly SST values on the MJO prediction. It is found however that OSTIA SSTs provide lower skill scores than the weekly product. Further experiments show that this loss of skill cannot be attributed to either the mean state or the daily frequency of OSTIA SSTs. Additional diagnostics show that the phase relationship between OSTIA SSTs and tropical convection is not optimal with repspect to observations. Such result suggests that capturing the correct SST-convection phase relationship is a major challenge for the MJO predictions.

scholarly journals Using Saildrones to Validate Satellite-Derived Sea Surface Salinity and Sea Surface Temperature along the California/Baja Coast

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Vazquez-Cuervo ◽  
Jose Gomez-Valdes ◽  
Marouan Bouali ◽  
Luis Miranda ◽  
Tom Van der Stocken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Current System ◽  
California Current ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Surface Salinity ◽  
Surface Salinity ◽  
California Current System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Buoy Measurements

Traditional ways of validating satellite-derived sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface salinity (SSS) products by comparing with buoy measurements, do not allow for evaluating the impact of mesoscale-to-submesoscale variability. We present the validation of remotely sensed SST and SSS data against the unmanned surface vehicle (USV)—called Saildrone—measurements from the 60 day 2018 Baja California campaign. More specifically, biases and root mean square differences (RMSDs) were calculated between USV-derived SST and SSS values, and six satellite-derived SST (MUR, OSTIA, CMC, K10, REMSS, and DMI) and three SSS (JPLSMAP, RSS40, RSS70) products. Biases between the USV SST and OSTIA/CMC/DMI were approximately zero, while MUR showed a bias of 0.3 °C. The OSTIA showed the smallest RMSD of 0.39 °C, while DMI had the largest RMSD of 0.5 °C. An RMSD of 0.4 °C between Saildrone SST and the satellite-derived products could be explained by the diurnal and sub-daily variability in USV SST, which currently cannot be resolved by remote sensing measurements. SSS showed fresh biases of 0.1 PSU for JPLSMAP and 0.2 PSU and 0.3 PSU for RMSS40 and RSS70 respectively. SST and SSS showed peaks in coherence at 100 km, most likely associated with the variability of the California Current System.

A Microbolometer Airborne Calibrated Infrared Radiometer: The Ball Experimental Sea Surface Temperature (BESST) Radiometer

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 7775-7781 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Emery ◽  
William S. Good ◽  
William Tandy ◽  
Miguel Angel Izaguirre ◽  
Peter J. Minnett
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Infrared Radiometer
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