scholarly journals Hydraulic and Swell–Shrink Characteristics of Clay and Recycled Zeolite Mixtures for Liner Construction in Sustainable Waste Landfill

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7301
Author(s):  
Marcin K. Widomski ◽  
Anna Musz-Pomorska ◽  
Wojciech Franus
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Compacted Clay ◽  
Clay Liner ◽  
Compacted Clay Liner ◽  
Drying And Rewetting ◽  
Swelling Characteristics ◽  
Shrinkage And Swelling

This paper presents research considering hydraulic as well as swelling and shrinkage characteristics of potential recycled fine particle materials for compacted clay liner for sustainable landfills. Five locally available clay soils mixed with 10% (by mass) of NaP1 recycled zeolite were tested. The performed analysis was based on determined plasticity, cation exchange capacity, coefficient of saturated hydraulic conductivity after compaction, several shrinkage and swelling characteristics as well as, finally, saturated hydraulic conductivity after three cycles of drying and rewetting of tested specimens and the reference samples. The obtained results showed that addition of zeolite to clay soils allowed reduction in their saturated hydraulic conductivity to meet the required threshold (≤1 × 10−9 m/s) of sealing capabilities for compacted clay liner. On the other hand, an increase in plasticity, swelling, and in several cases in shrinkage, of the clay–zeolite mixture was observed. Finally, none of the tested mixtures was able to sustain its sealing capabilities after three cycles of drying and rewetting. Thus, the studied clayey soils mixed with sustainable recycled zeolite were assessed as promising materials for compacted liner construction. However, the liner should be operated carefully to avoid extensive dissication and cracking.

scholarly journals Clays of Different Plasticity as Materials for Landfill Liners in Rural Systems of Sustainable Waste Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Widomski ◽  
Witol Stępniewski ◽  
Anna Musz-Pomorska
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Compacted Clay ◽  
Landfill Liners ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Waste Landfill ◽  
Drying And Rewetting ◽  
Basic Characteristics

This paper presents a study assessing the possible application of seven clay substrates of various particle compositions and plasticity, sampled locally in rural regions, as materials allowing affordable construction of the waste landfill liners, which meet the main principles of sustainability, utilize locally available materials and limit the environmental threats posed by landfill leachate to water, public health and arable land. The researched substrates were tested according to their long-term sealing properties by their saturated hydraulic conductivity after compaction, swelling and shrinkage characteristics and ability to sustain their sealing capability after repeated drying and rewetting. The basic characteristics of soils were determined by the standard methods. Saturated hydraulic conductivity after compaction and after repeated shrinking and swelling were tested in laboratory falling head permeameters. Shrinkage characteristics were based on dimensionless indicators of the geometry and linear extensibility. The obtained results showed that the tested clay substrates were found applicable to construction of compacted clay liner for sustainable waste landfill. The environmental sustainability of a local, rural waste landfill, isolated by compacted earthen liners utilizing local materials is, in our opinion possible, but strongly related to the compaction parameters applied during liner construction for the given clay substrate.

Permeability protocol for the compacted clay liner at Metropolitan Toronto's Keele Valley Landfill

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 552-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. L. Richards ◽  
Christopher D. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Sanitary Landfill ◽  
Compacted Clay ◽  
Oak Ridges Moraine ◽  
Preliminary Testing ◽  
Clay Liner ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Compacted Clay Liner ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Control Procedures

The Provisional Certificate of Approval to construct a sanitary landfill for municipal waste in an old gravel pit in the Oak Ridges Moraine north of Toronto, Ontario, required that a 1.2 m thick compacted clay liner with a permeability of less than 10−8 cm/s should be placed beneath any refuse. Preliminary testing indicated that the native tills from the immediate vicinity were marginally capable of providing such a liner, as long as they were carefully selected and compacted at moisture contents just above optimum values. However, it was clear that the variability of material and (or) testing was such that some liner samples could have permeabilities greater than 10−8 cm/s. Additionally, there was concern that the sampling and testing procedures could affect the results. This paper details the trials which were carried out at the beginning of construction to establish acceptable sampling and testing techniques.These were finally determined to consist of carefully obtained Shelby tube samples, the permeability of which was tested at representative pressures in triaxial cells. The paper then presents the statistical analyses which were used to verify that the overall permeability of the liner is less than 10−8 cm/s. It also outlines other testing and instrumentation which has been undertaken to verify the liner permeability and integrity. It is concluded that, to date, the permeability testing and protocol are suitable control procedures to verify compliance with the condition of the Provisional Certificate of Approval that a liner permeability of 10−8 cm/s be achieved. Key words: clay liner, permeability, protocol, quality control, sanitary landfill, sampling, statistical analysis, testing.

Remarks on the design of clay liners used in lagoons as hydraulic barriers

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 512-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Leroueil ◽  
J. P. Le Bihan ◽  
R. Bouchard
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Compacted Clay ◽  
Plastic Limit ◽  
Clay Liners ◽  
Natural Soils ◽  
Compacted Clay Liner ◽  
Compacted Clays ◽  
Hydraulic Barriers

Considering that (i) the hydraulic conductivity of compacted clays is smaller on the wet side of optimum; (ii) the plastic limit is the water content below which the soil develops fissures under small stresses; (iii) the plastic limit and the optimum standard Proctor water content are similar for many natural soils; and (iv) the strength of compacted clays, thus the limit of trafficability, is a function of (w – wopt)/Ip, relevant conditions for the design of clay liners and the evaluation of their hydraulic conductivity are proposed. Key words : compacted clay, liner, hydraulic conductivity, strength, design.

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