scholarly journals Trends in nonindigenous aquatic species richness in the United States reveal shifting spatial and temporal patterns of species introductions

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Mangiante ◽  
Amy Davis ◽  
Stephanie Panlasigui ◽  
Matthew Neilson ◽  
Ian Pfingsten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aquatic Species ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Species Introductions ◽  
Nonindigenous Aquatic Species

scholarly journals Spatial Epidemiology of Salmonellosis in Florida, 2009–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Li ◽  
Nitya Singh ◽  
Elizabeth Beshearse ◽  
Jason L. Blanton ◽  
Jamie DeMent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Spatial Epidemiology ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression Model ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns

Non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica infections cause a high disease burden in the United States with an estimated 1.2 million illnesses annually. The state of Florida consistently has a relatively high incidence compared to other states in the United States. Nevertheless, studies regarding the epidemiology of nontyphoidal salmonellosis and its spatial and temporal patterns in Florida were rarely reported. We examined the spatial and temporal patterns of 62,947 salmonellosis cases reported to FL Health Charts between 2009 and 2018. Dominant serotypes circulating in Florida were also explored using whole genome sequencing (WGS) based serotype-prediction for 2,507 Salmonella isolates sequenced by the Florida Department of Health during 2017 and 2018. The representativeness of laboratory-sequenced isolates for reported cases was determined by regression modeling. The annual incidence rate of salmonellosis decreased from 36.0 per 100,000 population in 2009 to 27.8 per 100,000 in 2016, and gradually increased in 2017 and 2018. Increased use of culture-independent testing did not fully explain this increase. The highest incidence rate was observed in children, contributing 40.9% of total reported cases during this period. A seasonal pattern was observed with the incidence peaking in September and October, later than the national average pattern. Over these 10 years, the Northeast and Northwest regions of the state had higher reported incidence rates, while reported rates in the Southeast and South were gradually increasing over time. Serotypes were predicted based on WGS data in the EnteroBase platform. The top-five most prevalent serotypes in Florida during 2017–2018 were Enteritidis, Newport, Javiana, Sandiego and Braenderup. The highest percentage of isolates was from children under 5 years of age (41.4%), and stool (84.7%) was the major source of samples. A zero-inflated negative binomial regression model showed that the reported case number was a strong predictor for the number of lab-sequenced isolates in individual counties, and the geospatial distribution of sequenced isolates was not biased by other factors such as age group. The spatial and temporal patterns identified in this study along with the prevalence of different serotypes will be helpful for the development of efficient prevention and control strategies for salmonellosis in Florida.

SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL PATTERNS OF INVERTEBRATE RECRUITMENT ALONG THE WEST COAST OF THE UNITED STATES

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Broitman ◽  
C. A. Blanchette ◽  
B. A. Menge ◽  
J. Lubchenco ◽  
C. Krenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
The West

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal patterns in preterm birth in the United States

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 836-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Byrnes ◽  
Richard Mahoney ◽  
Cele Quaintance ◽  
Jeffrey B. Gould ◽  
Suzan Carmichael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns

scholarly journals Avian Breeding Season Diversity and Community Composition in Camden White Gum and Slash Pine Plantations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J Messick ◽  
Christopher E Comer ◽  
Michael A Blazier ◽  
T Bently Wigley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
The United States ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Planted Forests ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantation ◽  
Short Rotation Woody Crops ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantations

Abstract In the southern United States, some landowners have established plantations of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.) and are managing them on short rotations (<15 years) to provide wood for fiber and other potential uses. Establishment of short-rotation woody crops dominated by nonnative species has implications for resident fauna in the United States that are largely unknown. We compared avifauna abundance, diversity, and community composition in newly established Camden white gum (Eucalyptus benthamii) plantations with slash pine (Pinus elliottii) plantations of the same age and height (one to two and six to seven years old, respectively) in southwestern Louisiana, USA. Species richness, diversity, and community composition in newly established eucalyptus plantations and six- to seven-year-old pines were similar. More birds were observed, and bird detections varied less in eucalyptus plantations. Indigo buntings (Passerina cyanea) and other shrub-associated species were detected more often in eucalyptus stands. In contrast, species that inhabit herbaceous-dominated communities, such as eastern meadowlarks (Sturnella magna), or that were associated with a dense graminoid community (e.g., Bachman’s sparrow [Peucaea aestivalis]) were detected less often in eucalyptus. Overall, breeding bird communities in eucalyptus plantations one to two years postestablishment differed little from plantations dominated by slash pine. Study Implications Compared with slash pine (Pinus elliottii Englem) plantations of similar age and height (one to two years and six to seven years old, respectively) we found one- to two-year-old eucalyptus (Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden & Cambage) plantations supported similar avian species richness and diversity to six- to seven-year-old pine stands. Furthermore, we found these eucalyptus plantations (E13) supported an avian community that was intermediate to similar aged pine (S13) and pine of similar height (S08). However, avian communities will likely change as eucalyptus plantations age (Christian et al. 1997). Continued monitoring and assessment of community composition, richness, and abundance is important for determining the magnitude of this change. Future investigations focused on nest success, fecundity, postfledging monitoring, and survivorship compared with other types of planted forests and native cover types would help us better understand eucalyptus plantation effects on avifauna demographics (Van Horne 1983, Martin 1998, Jones 2001, Wood et al. 2004, Sage et al. 2006, Riffell et al. 2011).

scholarly journals Understory Vegetation Richness and Diversity of Eucalyptus benthamii and Pinus elliottii Plantations in the Midsouth US

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea De Stefano ◽  
Michael A Blazier ◽  
Christopher E Comer ◽  
Thomas J Dean ◽  
T Bently Wigley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
The United States ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Understory Vegetation ◽  
Understory Species ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In the Western Gulf region of the United States cold-tolerant eucalyptus have been explored as pulpwood feedstock. However, non-native plantations may alter understory species diversity, modifying environmental conditions and soil characteristics. Few studies have compared eucalyptus plantations with native ecosystems to understand the impact on understory vegetation in the United States. In this study, we compared understory plant species richness and diversity during 2014–2016 in (1) slash pine (Pinus elliottii) established in 2008, (2) slash pine established in 2013, and (3) and Camden white gum (Eucalyptus benthamii) established in 2013. Overstory characteristics, soil pH, and soil nutrient concentrations were measured to understand factors that affected understory species richness and diversity. Results indicated a decline in understory species richness over time, with Camden white gum in an intermediate condition between same-age slash pine (highest richness) and older slash pine (lowest richness). Leaf area index, soil pH and K, and tree height were the most important factors influencing understory species richness and diversity. The adoption of fast-growing eucalyptus on these sites will probably accelerate the deterioration of natural habitats and reduce open-condition species in favor of shade-tolerant species, overturning the conservation efforts already put in place by governmental agencies and conservation groups.

scholarly journals Fatal anaphylaxis in the United States, 1999-2010: Temporal patterns and demographic associations

2014 ◽  
Vol 134 (6) ◽  
pp. 1318-1328.e7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elina Jerschow ◽  
Robert Y. Lin ◽  
Moira M. Scaperotti ◽  
Aileen P. McGinn
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fatal Anaphylaxis
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