scholarly journals Life history traits of aquatic non-indigenous species: freshwater vs. marine habitats

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 566-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Casties ◽  
Elizabeta Briski
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Non Indigenous Species

Roles of mating behavioural interactions and life history traits in the competition between alien and indigenous whiteflies

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Wang ◽  
D.W. Crowder ◽  
S.-S. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Interference Competition ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Laboratory Population ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Population Cage ◽  
Q Biotype

AbstractInterference competition between closely related alien and indigenous species often influences the outcome of biological invasions. The whitefly Bemisia tabaci species complex contains ≥28 putative species and two of them, Mediterranean (MED, formally referred to as the ‘Q biotype’) and Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1, formally referred to as the ‘B biotype’), have recently spread to much of the world. In many invaded regions, these species have displaced closely related indigenous whitefly species. In this study, we integrated laboratory population experiments, behavioural observations and simulation modelling to investigate the capacity of MED to displace Asia II 1 (AII1, formally referred to as the ‘ZHJ2 biotype’), an indigenous whitefly widely distributed in Asia. Our results show that intensive mating interactions occur between MED and AII1, leading to reduced fecundity and progeny female ratio in AII1, as well as an increase in progeny female ratio in MED. In turn, our population cage experiments demonstrated that MED has the capacity to displace AII1 in a few generations. Using simulation models, we then show that both asymmetric mating interactions and differences in life history traits between the two species contribute substantially to the process of displacement. These findings would help explain the displacement of AII1 by MED in the field and, together with earlier studies on mating interactions between other species of the B. tabaci complex, indicate the widespread significance of asymmetric mating interactions in whitefly species exclusions.

scholarly journals Life history traits of Neretva roach Rutilus basak (Heckel, 1843) (Pisces, Cyprinidae): Biological and ecological contribution for biodiversity conservation of freshwater fish.

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Pero Tutman ◽  
Sanja Matić-Skoko ◽  
Adem Hamzić ◽  
Jakov Dulčić ◽  
Branko Glamuzina
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Ecological Traits ◽  
Restricted Area ◽  
Hydrological Changes ◽  
Non Indigenous Species

Abstract This paper is a review of the relevant scientific literature on the present status, distribution, habitat, ecological traits, population structure and threats of Neretva roach Rutilus basak (Heckel, 1843). The species inhabits a restricted area of the Adriatic Sea watershed in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The major threats are habitat loss caused by significant hydrological changes in the water regime in the area of distribution and the introduction of non-indigenous species. Still, R. basak is quite widespread and often abundant. Information brought together in this study will improve our knowledge about this species.

The life history and feeding ecology of velvet shell, Velutina velutina (Gastropoda: Velutinidae), a specialist predator of ascidians

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 1164-1176
Author(s):  
P.S. Sargent ◽  
J.-F. Hamel ◽  
A. Mercier
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Feeding Ecology ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Egg Capsules ◽  
Specialist Predator ◽  
Non Indigenous Species

Velvet shell, Velutina velutina (Müller, 1776), is a specialist predator of ascidians, like other members of the gastropod family Velutinidae. Globally, invasive ascidians have become problematic, ecologically and economically, yet ecological knowledge of velutinids remains limited. This study outlines the life history and feeding ecology of V. velutina in eastern Canada based on laboratory work complemented by field observations. The life history of V. velutina is closely linked with ascidians, which serve as prey and protection for their egg capsules. Egg capsules were embedded within tunics of Aplidium glabrum (Verrill, 1871) and Ascidia callosa Stimpson, 1852, with a preference for the latter. Seasonal behavioural shifts were consistent annually and corresponded with seawater temperature cycles. Feeding dominated during the coldest months (January–May), growth occurred as water temperature increased to the annual maximum (June and July), transitioning to mating during the warmest period (July–August), and egg capsule deposition dominated as water temperature declined (November–January). Larvae hatched between January and July after 2–4 months of development. Velutina velutina preyed on all ascidian species presented during this study, including golden star tunicate, Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766), and vase tunicate, Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767), two non-indigenous species, although solitary species were preferred.

A Small Vessel Guide to Compliance with Ballast Water Management

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Riggio ◽  
Chris Todd
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Non Indigenous Species ◽  
Ballast Water Management

Two regulations have been promulgated to prevent the transfer of non-indigenous species between marine habitats of the world: the 2004 IMO Ballast Water Management Convention, and the 2012 US Coast Guard Standards for Living Organisms in Ships’ Ballast Water Discharged in US Waters. These regulations will apply to more than 60,000 vessels that carry ballast water between various worldwide ports, including smaller vessels that operate in a variety of applications such as towing and offshore support. This paper will define the regulations and review their applicability to smaller vessels, examine the merits and risks of each ballast water treatment technology, provide information on the relative impact of treatment systems to small vessel operations, and identify potential alternatives to onboard treatment.

Prey tell: what quillback rockfish early life history traits reveal about their survival in encounters with juvenile coho salmon

2020 ◽  
Vol 650 ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
HW Fennie ◽  
S Sponaugle ◽  
EA Daly ◽  
RD Brodeur
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Larval Fish ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Otolith Microstructure Analysis ◽  
Pelagic Juvenile

Predation is a major source of mortality in the early life stages of fishes and a driving force in shaping fish populations. Theoretical, modeling, and laboratory studies have generated hypotheses that larval fish size, age, growth rate, and development rate affect their susceptibility to predation. Empirical data on predator selection in the wild are challenging to obtain, and most selective mortality studies must repeatedly sample populations of survivors to indirectly examine survivorship. While valuable on a population scale, these approaches can obscure selection by particular predators. In May 2018, along the coast of Washington, USA, we simultaneously collected juvenile quillback rockfish Sebastes maliger from both the environment and the stomachs of juvenile coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch. We used otolith microstructure analysis to examine whether juvenile coho salmon were age-, size-, and/or growth-selective predators of juvenile quillback rockfish. Our results indicate that juvenile rockfish consumed by salmon were significantly smaller, slower growing at capture, and younger than surviving (unconsumed) juvenile rockfish, providing direct evidence that juvenile coho salmon are selective predators on juvenile quillback rockfish. These differences in early life history traits between consumed and surviving rockfish are related to timing of parturition and the environmental conditions larval rockfish experienced, suggesting that maternal effects may substantially influence survival at this stage. Our results demonstrate that variability in timing of parturition and sea surface temperature leads to tradeoffs in early life history traits between growth in the larval stage and survival when encountering predators in the pelagic juvenile stage.

Life History Traits in a Population of Pelobates syriacus (Boettger, 1889) from Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-200
Author(s):  
Ufuk Bülbül ◽  
Halime Koç ◽  
Yasemin Odabaş ◽  
Ali İhsan Eroğlu ◽  
Muammer Kurnaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Spadefoot Toad ◽  
Males And Females

Age structure of the eastern spadefoot toad, Pelobates syriacus from the Kızılırmak Delta (Turkey) were assessed using phalangeal skeletochronology. Snout-vent length (SVL) ranged from 42.05 to 86.63 mm in males and 34.03 to 53.27 mm in females. Age of adults ranged from 2 to 8 years in males and 3 to 5 years in females. For both sexes, SVL was significantly correlated with age. Males and females of the toads reached maturity at 2 years of age.

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