Petroleum and natural gas industries. Design and installation of piping systems on offshore production platforms

2001 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Offshore Production ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Offshore Production Platforms

Water Equilibrium in the Dehydration of Natural Gas With Triethylene Glycol

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (05) ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rosman
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Triethylene Glycol ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Water Removal ◽  
Dewpoint Temperature ◽  
Offshore Production ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Offshore Production Platforms

Abstract To develop reliable design data for glycol contactors, gas-liquid equilibria in the system water-methane-triethylene glycol (TEG) were investigated experimentally. Equilibrium values vary little at the very high TEG concentrations used in modern contactor design, but increase significantly with increasing water concentration in the contacting TEG, and with increasing equilibrium temperature. Various methods of data correlation are described and compared with experimental data. The correlation provides the means for extending the results of this investigation to other pressures and temperatures. Introduction Water removal is a fundamental operation in natural gas processing. Hydrate formation, corrosion, and the formation of liquid water that might separate in the transmission lines are some of the problems caused by an excess of water in the gas. Of the methods available for gas dehydration, water absorption is by far the most generally used. Glycols, especially triethylene glycol (TEG), are the preferred absorbents. A survey of the literature on the water dew point of natural gas over glycol solutions reveals point of natural gas over glycol solutions reveals significant disagreements. A sampling of published dewpoint data for gas in equilibrium with TEG (Fig. 7) illustrates the prevailing confusion. Scant, but still contradictory, information was published for glycol concentrations in excess of 99.8 weight percent. Data in that range are needed in designing percent. Data in that range are needed in designing modern glycol contactors where the water dewpoint temperature must be reduced by more than 100 deg. F. The main reason for discrepancies in experimental results is the difficulty of measuring accurately very small amounts of water in gas. Water is easily adsorbed on the surfaces of experimental apparatus. Normally acceptable data scatter looms large in relation to the low water concentrations that must be measured. Attempts to establish water dew points on the basis of plant performance have been points on the basis of plant performance have been more successful. However, accuracy is limited by the difficulty in establishing the relative contribution of various factors that interrelate in plant operation. plant operation. Faced with these doubts, contactor designers have chosen to provide for TEG circulation rates that are overly high so as to insure more than adequate water removal. Such a practice is undesirable, however, where space and power are at a premium, as on offshore production platforms. Thus, the range of this investigation was governed by the need to extend equilibrium information to the contact temperatures and TEG concentrations necessary m optimize glycol contactors on offshore production platforms. production platforms. New procedures were developed for sampling and analyzing very small concentrations of water in gas and in TEG. To avoid experimental difficulties encountered by previous authors, equilibrium was reached and samples were taken under dynamic conditions. Experimental equilibrium results were smoothed and correlated by several methods. Thermodynamic equations were used to check on the internal consistency of data and to calculate equilibrium constants at conditions outside the range of the investigation itself. The White expression, fitted to the COFRC experimental data, adequately describes the results within the range of temperatures and concentrations studied. DEFINITIONS AND METHODS At water dewpoint temperature, the water contained in a natural gas reaches saturation. Part of that water will condense if the gas is brought to a lower temperature or to a higher pressure. Thus, the "dewpoint temperature" describes the water content of the gas. When dewpoint gas contacts TEG, the water content of the gas decreases. The lower water content corresponds to saturation water at a lower temperature; that is, the dew point will be lower. The initial dewpoint temperature is the contacting temperature. The temperature corresponding to the lowered water content is the equilibrium dewpoint temperature, and the difference between the two temperatures is the dewpoint depression. SPEJ P. 297

Contactless Monitoring Systems for the Offshore Production Platforms (Russian)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolai Eremin ◽  
Linar Khusnutdinov ◽  
Ruslan Yusipov
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Offshore Production ◽  
Offshore Production Platforms

Contactless Monitoring Systems for the Offshore Production Platforms

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolai Eremin ◽  
Linar Khusnutdinov ◽  
Ruslan Yusipov
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Offshore Production ◽  
Offshore Production Platforms

BIOMASS EXPORTATION FROM OFFSHORE PRODUCTION PLATFORMS IN EAST TEXAS

1981 ◽  
Vol 1981 (1) ◽  
pp. 715-720
Author(s):  
Nick Fotheringham
Keyword(s):  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Benthic Fauna ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Hermit Crabs ◽  
Fouling Community ◽  
Offshore Production ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fish Gut ◽  
Fouling Organisms ◽  
Offshore Production Platforms

ABSTRACT Studies of the structure and development of the fouling community on active offshore production platforms in the Buccaneer Field, Texas, indicated that energy accumulated within this community was exported to components of the adjacent marine ecosystem along three major pathways. The most apparent pathway was through grazing fish. Gut content analyses of 191 fish representing 27 species indicated that the spadefish (Chaetodipterus faber), sheepshead (Archosargus probatocephalus), crested blenny (Hypleurochilus geminatus), cocoa damselfish (Pomacentrus variabilis), and cubbyu (Equetus acuminatus) feed extensively on fouling organisms. A second pathway linked the fouling community to the benthic fauna living beneath the platforms, which was apparently enriched by consumption of barnacles and other invertebrates dislodged from the platform legs by wave and current stresses, abrasion by boats, and foraging fish. Several fouling species, which did not occur on the structures themselves, were found on dislodged barnacle shells and gastropod shells occupied by hermit crabs. Thus, accumulation of biomass beneath the structures is apparently increased by the presence of these shells. The third pathway linked the fouling community to planktivorous fish and invertebrates through the release of planktonic larvae by fouling organisms. A significant difference (p < 0.05) was found in the proportion of these larvae in the total plankton between stations within Buccaneer Field and those at a control site 8 kilometers east of the field.

Anti-Slug Advanced Control for Offshore Production Platforms

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Campos ◽  
O. Meien ◽  
S. Neto ◽  
A. Stender ◽  
T. Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Offshore Production ◽  
Advanced Control ◽  
Offshore Production Platforms

Geochemical patterns in sediments near offshore production platforms

1996 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 2554-2566 ◽  
Author(s):  
M C Kennicutt II ◽  
P N Boothe ◽  
T L Wade ◽  
S T Sweet ◽  
R Rezak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Offshore Production ◽  
Offshore Production Platforms
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