Geotextiles and geotextile-related products. Determination of water permeability characteristics normal to the plane, under load

2012 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Permeability ◽  
Permeability Characteristics

A Flexible Wall Permeameter for the Determination of the Water Permeability Function in Unsaturated Soils

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 103595
Author(s):  
L. D. Suits ◽  
T. C. Sheahan ◽  
M. P. H. Moncada ◽  
T. M. P. de Campos ◽  
G. Steger
Keyword(s):  
Water Permeability ◽  
Unsaturated Soils ◽  
Permeability Function ◽  
Flexible Wall

Determination of Pressure Dependence of Permeability Characteristics from Single Constant Pressure Filtration Test

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiji Iritani ◽  
Nobuyuki Katagiri ◽  
Yukiko Takaishi ◽  
Shogo Kanetake
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Dependence ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Pressure Filtration ◽  
Permeability Characteristics ◽  
Single Constant

scholarly journals Experimental and theoretical analysis of (water) permeability variation of nonwoven textiles subjected to compression

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petrica Turtoi ◽  
Traian Cicone ◽  
Aurelian Fatu
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Water Permeability ◽  
Darcy Law ◽  
Plane Flow ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Forchheimer Model ◽  
Nonwoven Textiles ◽  
Original Device

This paper presents the experimental determination of permeability for unidirectional in-plane flow through a thin layer of nonwoven porous textile subjected to various rates of compression. The experiments were made on an original device that allows the variation of porous layer compression and pressure differential. The permeability was calculated assuming the validity of Darcy law and, in parallel, Darcy-Forchheimer model. The preliminary results obtained with water show that pressure gradient does not influence sensibly the resistance to flow of the material and Darcy’s law is applicable. For permeability-porosity correlation the experimental results were fitted using the well-known Kozeny-Carman equation. Also good correlation was found with other two models derived from Kozeny-Carman.

scholarly journals Determination of the water permeability (Lp) of mouse oocytes at −25°C and its activation energy at subzero temperatures

Cryobiology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.W. Kleinhans ◽  
Peter Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Water Permeability ◽  
Mouse Oocytes ◽  
Subzero Temperatures

Aquaporin-1 water channels in short and long loop descending thin limbs and in descending vasa recta in rat kidney

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (6) ◽  
pp. F1023-F1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nielsen ◽  
T. Pallone ◽  
B. L. Smith ◽  
E. I. Christensen ◽  
P. Agre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Permeability ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Water Channels ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Permeability Characteristics ◽  
Aquaporin 1 ◽  
Basolateral Membranes ◽  
Vasa Recta ◽  
Peritubular Capillaries ◽  
Thin Limb

The localization of aquaporin-1 water channels (AQP-1) in nephron and vascular structures in rat kidney were characterized, because vascular bundles are known to play a key role in urinary concentration. Immunohistochemistry and immunoelectron microscopy were applied on thin cryosections or ultrathin Lowicryl sections, using an optimized freeze-substitution method. Within the vascular bundles, AQP-1 is localized in descending thin limbs (DTL) of short nephrons in apical and basolateral membranes. The expression in DTL of short nephrons is considerably lower compared with the expression in long nephrons, consistent with the known lower osmotic water permeability of this segment. Furthermore, DTL of short nephrons expressing AQP-1 continue abruptly into a thin limb segment without AQP-1. This suggests the existence of a novel thin limb epithelium in the outer medulla. Extensive expression of AQP-1 is observed in apical and basolateral membranes of DTL of long nephrons, which are localized in the periphery of the vascular bundles. The expression decreases along the axis of long nephron DTLs in correlation with the known water permeability characteristics of thin limb segments. DTLs of both short and long nephrons continue abruptly into thin limb segments without AQP-1 expression, revealing an abrupt cell-to-cell transition. In vasa recta, AQP-1 is selectively localized in the nonfenestrated endothelium of descending vasa recta, whereas the fenestrated endothelium of ascending vesa recta and peritubular capillaries do not express AQP-1. AQP-1 is localized in both apical and basolateral plasma membranes, which is logical for transendothelial water transport. Isolated perfused descending vasa recta display high water permeability, and, unlike sodium permeability, diffusional water permeability is partly inhibited by mercurials, thus substantiating the presence of mercurial-sensitive water channels in descending vasa recta. Thus AQP-1 is localized in DTL and descending vasa recta within vascular bundles, and AQP-1 expression in DTL segments is in exact concordance with the known water permeability characteristics, strongly supporting that AQP-1 is the major constitutive water channel of the nephron.

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