Faculty Opinions recommendation of Contamination of salvaged maternal blood by amniotic fluid and fetal red cells during elective Caesarean section.

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Bucklin
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Elective Caesarean Section ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Red Cells

Parathyroid hormone-related protein in human term placenta and membranes

1994 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Bowden ◽  
J F Emly ◽  
S V Hughes ◽  
G Powell ◽  
A Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Elective Caesarean Section ◽  
Molecular Forms ◽  
Molecular Heterogeneity ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Human Term Placenta ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone Related Protein ◽  
Spontaneous Labour

Abstract Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), the hypercalcaemia of malignacy factor, is expressed in the tissues of the human uteroplacental unit, including the placenta, amnion and chorion. We have used three region-specific immunoassays to quantitate and compare the distribution of PTHrP in tissues obtained at term following spontaneous labour and vaginal delivery or elective Caesarean section. In non-labouring women highest PTHrP(1–86) and (37–67) immunoreactivity was found in amnion covering the placenta, rather than the decidua parietalis of the uterus (reflected amnion) (median 1020 vs 451 fmol/g; 2181 vs 1444 fmol/g respectively). In labouring women, the PTHrP(1–86) concentration in reflected amnion was inversely correlated with the interval between rupture of the membranes and delivery. Tissue PTHrP(1–86) concentrations were lower in placenta than in chorion and amnion (medians 12, 109 and 664 fmol/g respectively) and, in all tissues, PTHrP(1–34) and (37–67) concentrations were significantly higher than that of PTHrP(1–86). Bioactive PTHrP(1–34) was detected in placenta, chorion and amnion using the ROS cell bioassay. The PTHrP(1–86) concentration (mean ± s.e.m.=41·4 ± 4·5 pmol/l) was high in amniotic fluid at term, although in maternal and cord plasma levels were only modestly increased. The molecular forms of PTHrP present in tissues and amniotic fluid were investigated by column chromatography which confirmed its molecular heterogeneity and suggested that processing is tissue-specific and occurs at both amino- and carboxy-terminals of the peptide. Journal of Endocrinology (1994) 142, 217–224

scholarly journals Association of amniotic uric acid, glucose, lactate and creatinine concentrations and lactate/creatinine ratio with newborn survival in small-sized dogs – preliminary results

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Bolis ◽  
Paola Scarpa ◽  
Alessandro Rota ◽  
Tiziana Vitiello ◽  
Maria Cristina Veronesi
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Elective Caesarean Section ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Fetal Gender ◽  
Normal Composition

In order to define the normal composition of canine amniotic fluid and to detect differences between surviving and non-surviving newborn puppies, the present study determined the uric acid, glucose, lactate and creatinine concentrations and the lactate to creatinine ratio in amniotic fluids collected during elective Caesarean section from small-sized purebred bitches. The possible relationship between newborn survival and the studied parameters, as well as the effects of maternal parity, fetal gender and Apgar score were assessed. The study enrolled 27 small-sized purebred bitches submitted to elective Caesarean section at term. After opening the fetal membranes, amniotic fluid samples were collected aseptically from the amniotic sac of each fetus. The data obtained from 74 amniotic fluid samples collected from 27 bitches showed that amniotic glucose concentration was lower (P < 0.05) in non-surviving than in surviving puppies. Within the normal, surviving puppies, amniotic glucose concentration was higher (P < 0.05) in male than in female newborns, and the lactate/creatinine ratio was significantly higher in multiparous than in primiparous bitches (P < 0.05). These preliminary results demonstrate the relevance of amniotic glucose, but not of uric acid, lactate, creatinine and the lactate to creatinine ratio for detecting puppies at risk of death immediately after birth.

Measurement of interleukin-1 alpha and interleukin-6 in pregnancy-associated tissues

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Gunn ◽  
P Hardiman ◽  
S Tharmaratnam ◽  
D Lowe ◽  
T Chard
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Elective Caesarean Section ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Fetal Blood ◽  
Tissue Extracts ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Term Labour ◽  
In Pregnancy

The concentrations of interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) and IL-6 in pregnancy-associated tissues were investigated in term labour and delivery in the absence of labour (elective Caesarean section). Samples of amniotic fluid, placenta, fetal membranes, umbilical venous and, where possible, umbilical arterial blood were collected at delivery (37-41 weeks of gestation). Maternal blood was sampled during labour. Fluid and tissue extracts were assayed for IL-1 alpha and IL-6 by radioimmunoassay. Placenta and membranes were examined histologically for evidence of infection. Concentrations of IL-1 alpha and IL-6 in amniotic fluid and membrane extract, and IL-1 alpha in maternal and fetal blood, were raised after the onset of labour. Concentrations of both cytokines in the placenta remained unchanged. There was a good correlation between concentrations of both cytokines in amniotic fluid and membranes. There was also a significant correlation between concentrations of IL-1 alpha and IL-6 in amniotic fluid, placenta and membranes. It is suggested that the fetal membranes or maternal decidua, but not the placenta, internal fetal or maternal tissues, are the main sources of IL-1 alpha and IL-6 during labour.

scholarly journals Influence of Preoperative Fasting Time on Maternal and Neonatal Blood Glucose Level in Elective Caesarean Section under Subarachnoid Block

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Tauhid-Ul-Mulk ◽  
SMF Rahman ◽  
NP Ali ◽  
M Haque ◽  
MRA Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Elective Caesarean Section ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Fasting Time ◽  
Neonatal Blood ◽  
Cord Blood Glucose

Introduction: Pre-operative fasting period is poorly monitored in developing countries though it may lead to critical consequences especially in the parturient women and their neonates.Objective: In this prospective randomized study, conducted over a period of six months, influences of pre-operative fasting time on maternal and neonatal blood glucose level in elective caesarean section under sub-arachnoid block was observed.Methods: Three equally sized (n=20) groups with different pre-operative fasting period (Group A: 4 hours, Group B: 6 hours and Group C: 7.9±1.15 hours) were taken into consideration. Maternal blood glucose level was measured on day before operation (as baseline), on day of surgery before starting infusion and just after baby delivery. Neonatal umbilical cord blood glucose just after delivery was also measured by strip method.Results: Baseline blood glucose level of group C mother was 5.41±0.43 mmol/L, whereas glucose level before starting infusion and just after deliver was 4.46±0.45 mmol/L and 4.60±0.39 mmol/L respectively. In group A and group B, these changes were not significant (p>0.05). There was marked reduction in maternal blood glucose level in group C (p<0.001). Neonatal blood glucose level was reduced in all three groups as compared to placental circulation concept (70-80% of placental flow). No mother or neonate showed critical hypoglycaemia (in mother <4.0 mmol/L and in neonate <2.5 mmol/L). Highly significant inverse correlation was observed between maternal fasting time and blood glucose before starting infusion (r= 0.706, p <0.001), and maternal blood glucose and neonatal cord blood glucose level (r= -0.937, p <0.001).Conclusion: Though, no significant correlation could be detected between maternal fasting time and neonatal blood glucose level (r= -0.196, p >0.05) neonatal blood glucose level was reduced in group C.Key words: Pre-operative fasting time; caesarean section; sub-arachnoid block; neonatal cord blood glucose DOI: 10.3329/jafmc.v6i2.7269JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 6, No 2 (December) 2010 pp.21-24

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